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==Etymology and Pacific analogues== Linguists have reconstructed the word ''taniwha'' to [[Proto-Oceanic language|Proto-Oceanic]] *''tanifa'', with the meaning "shark species". In [[Tongan language|Tongan]] and [[Niuean language|Niuean]], ''tenifa'' refers to a large dangerous shark, as does the [[Samoan language|Samoan]] ''tanifa''; the [[Tokelauan]] ''tanifa'' is a sea-monster that eats people. In most other [[Polynesian languages]], the cognate words refer to sharks or simply fish.<ref>[http://pollex.org.nz/entry/tanifa/ Polynesian Lexicon Project Online, entry ''tanifa'']</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Hooper |first1=Robin |editor1-last=Pawley |editor1-first=A.K. |editor2-last=Ross |editor2-first=M.D. |chapter=Reconstructing Proto-Polynesian fish names |title=Austronesian terminologies: continuity and change |date=1994 |page=196 |doi=10.15144/PL-C127.185 |publisher=Pacific Linguistics, Australian National University}}</ref> Some anthropologists have stated that the taniwha has "analogues that appear within other [[Polynesian cosmologies]]".<ref name="The Road and the Taniwha">A. Asbjørn Jøn, '[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283318670_The_Road_and_the_Taniwha The Road and the Taniwha]' in ''Australian Folklore: A Yearly Journal of Folklore Studies'' 22 (2007), pp.85-94 (p.85). {{ISBN|1-86389-831-X}}</ref>
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