Editing Tandy 1000 (section)

==Overview==
In December 1983, an executive with [[Tandy Corporation]], maker of [[TRS-80]] computers, said about the new [[IBM PCjr]]: "I'm sure a lot of people will be coming out with PCjr look-alikes. The market is big."<ref name="mace19831226">{{cite news | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2i8EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA91 | title=Q&A: Mark Yamagata | work=InfoWorld | date=26 Dec 1983 – 2 Jan 1984 | access-date=9 January 2015 | author=Mace, Scott | pages=91}}</ref> While preparing the [[Tandy 2000]]—the company's first [[MS-DOS]] computer—for release in November 1983, Tandy began designing the Tandy 1000, code named "August". Unlike the 2000 it would be [[IBM PC compatible|PC compatible]] with the [[IBM PC]], and support the PCjr graphics standard.<ref name="white198708">{{Cite magazine |last=White |first=Ron |date=August 1987 |title=The Tandy Story: 10 years after the TRS-80 Model I |url=https://www.vintageisthenewold.com/the-story-of-tandy-10-years-after-the-trs-80-model-1/ |magazine=80 Micro |access-date=2019-05-18}}</ref>

Released in November 1984,<ref name="infoworld19850121" /> the $1,200 Tandy 1000 offers the same functionality as the PCjr, but with an improved keyboard and better expandability and compatibility.<ref name="anderson198412">{{cite news | url=http://www.atarimagazines.com/creative/v10n12/44_Tandy_Model_1000_junior_.php | title=Tandy Model 1000; junior meets his match | work=Creative Computing | date=December 1984 | access-date=February 26, 2013 | author=Anderson, John J. | pages=44}}</ref>{{r|malloy198508}}{{r|bartimo19850311}} "How could IBM have made that mistake with the PCjr?" an amazed Tandy executive said regarding its [[chiclet keyboard]],<ref name="iw19840820">{{cite news | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HS8EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA50 | title=From Home to Business: The Eclectic Radio Shack Computer Line | access-date=May 26, 2011 | date=1984-08-20 | work=InfoWorld | pages=47–52}}</ref> and another stated that the 1000 "is what the PCjr should have been".<ref name="bartimo19850311">{{cite news | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5C4EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA28 | title=Tandy Revamps Product Line | work=InfoWorld | date=1985-03-11 | access-date=21 January 2015 | author=Bartimo, Jim | pages=28–29}}</ref>

The Tandy 2000—not completely PC compatible—quickly failed.{{r|white198708}} Since IBM discontinued the PCjr soon after the release of the 1000, Tandy quickly removed mentions of the PCjr in advertising while emphasizing its product's PC compatibility.{{r|springer19850603}}{{r|loguidice2014}} The company said that it designed the 1000 for compatibility with both PC and PCjr, but emphasized the former when necessary,{{r|bartimo19850311}} describing it as "the first fully IBM PC-compatible computer available for less than $1000".<ref name="juge198510">{{cite news | url=http://www.atarimagazines.com/creative/v11n10/108_News_for_the_top_whats_.php | title=News for the top: what's really going on at Tandy. | work=Creative Computing | date=October 1985 | access-date=14 October 2016 | author=Juge, Ed | pages=108}}</ref> The 1000 has joystick ports like the PCjr, and its 16-color graphics and 3-voice sound, but not the PCjr [[ROM cartridge]] ports.{{r|loguidice2014}}

Although the press saw the 1000 as former personal-computer leader Tandy admitting that it could no longer focus on proprietary products [[influence of the IBM PC on the personal computer market|in a market the IBM PC dominated]], the 1000 sold more units in the first month than any other Tandy product and by early 1985 was its best-selling computer.{{r|bartimo19850311}}{{r|springer19850603}} Although the company initially marketed the 1000 as a business computer like the IBM PC, ''InfoWorld'' stated in 1985 that Tandy "produced a real home computer".<ref name="springer19850603">{{cite news | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8C4EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA72 | title=Tandy's Magnificent Concession | work=InfoWorld | date=1985-06-03 | access-date=19 July 2014 | author=Springer, P. Gregory | pages=72}}</ref> The 1000 helped the company obtain a 9.5% share of the US home-computer market in 1986, a year in which Tandy stated that half of its compatibles were purchased for the home.<ref name="halfhill198612">{{cite news | url=https://archive.org/stream/1986-12-compute-magazine/Compute_Issue_079_1986_Dec#page/n33/mode/2up | title=The MS-DOS Invasion / IBM Compatibles Are Coming Home | work=Compute! | date=December 1986 | access-date=9 November 2013 | author=Halfhill, Tom R. |page=32}}</ref> In 1988 CEO John Roach disagreed with Apple counterpart [[John Sculley]]'s rejection of the home market: "Let him deny it. He's the only other person that's well-represented in the home market, and if he wants to abandon it, it's all right with me".<ref name="ferrell198807">{{cite news | url=https://archive.org/stream/1988-07-compute-magazine/Compute_Issue_098_1988_Jul#page/n89/mode/2up | title=Windows on John Roach | work=Compute! | date=July 1988 | access-date=5 September 2016 | author=Ferrell, Keith | pages=88–89}}</ref> Tandy also regained a significant share of the Apple-dominated educational market,<ref name="ferrell198712">{{cite news | url=https://archive.org/stream/COMPUTEs_Apple_Applications_Vol._5_No._2_Issue_6_1987-12_COMPUTE_Publications_US#page/n27/mode/2up | title=Apple Vs. IBM: The Struggle For The Educational Market | work=Compute!'s Apple Applications | date=December 1987 | access-date=15 September 2016 | author=Ferrell, Keith | pages=27–33}}</ref> which the two companies had once equally shared.<ref name="welch19851209">{{Cite magazine |last=Welch |first=Mark J. |date=1985-12-09 |title=Tandy Backs Emulator For 1000 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bi8EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA5 |magazine=InfoWorld |page=5}}</ref>

The 1000 and its many successors were successful unlike the PCjr. This was partly because it was sold in ubiquitous [[Radio Shack]] stores and partly because the computer was less costly, easier to expand, and almost entirely compatible with the IBM PC. The PCjr's enhanced graphics and sound standards became known as "[[Tandy-compatible]]". With its graphics, sound, and built-in joystick ports, the 1000 was the best computer for [[PC game]]s until [[Video Graphics Array|VGA graphics]] became popular in the 1990s.<ref name="loguidice2014">{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wZnpAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA96 | title=Vintage Game Consoles: An Inside Look at Apple, Atari, Commodore, Nintendo, and the Greatest Gaming Platforms of All Time | publisher=CRC Press |author1=Loguidice, Bill |author2=Barton, Matt | year=2014 | pages=96–97 | isbn=978-1135006518}}</ref> Software companies of the era advertised their support for the Tandy platform;<ref name="compute198806">{{cite news | url=https://archive.org/stream/1988-JUn-compute-magazine/Compute_Issue_097_1988_JUn#page/n23/mode/2up | title=Electrifying Software For Today's PC | work=Compute! | date=June 1988 | access-date=10 November 2013 | pages=23 | type=advertisement}}</ref> 28 of 66 games that ''[[Computer Gaming World]]'' tested in 1989 supported Tandy graphics.<ref name="cgw198908">{{cite magazine | title=The Owner's Guide to Tandy 16 Color | magazine=Computer Gaming World | date=August 1989 | pages=14}}</ref>

===Design and architecture===
Tandy 1000 computers were some of the first IBM PC clones to incorporate a complete set of basic peripherals on the motherboard using proprietary [[ASIC]]s, the forerunner of the [[chipset]]. Although the original Tandy 1000 comes in an IBM PC-like [[desktop case]], some models, notably the 1000 EX and 1000 HX, use [[home computer|home-computer]]-style cases with the keyboard, motherboard and disk drives in one enclosure. This high level of integration made these machines a cost-effective alternative to larger and more complex IBM PC/XT and PC/AT-type systems, which require multiple add-in cards, often purchased separately, to implement a comparable feature-set to the Tandy 1000.

Being derived from IBM's PCjr architecture, the Tandy 1000 offers several important features that most IBM PC-compatibles of the time lacks, such as the PCjr's sound generator and extended CGA-compatible graphics controller. It also offers multiple built-in I/O ports, including a [[game port]] which was frequently a separate add-on card on non-Tandy machines.

The original line is equipped with the [[Intel 8088]] [[central processing unit|CPU]], which was later extended to faster clock speeds and also the [[Intel 8086|8086]], [[Intel 80286|80286]] and toward the end of the line with the RSX, [[Intel 80386SX|80386SX]] processors. Successors to the 1000 appended two or three letters to the name, after a space (e.g. Tandy 1000 EX and Tandy 1000 HX).  In a few instances, after these letters a slash was appended, followed by either a number or additional letters (e.g. Tandy 1000 TL/2, Tandy 1000 RL/HD).

===Retirement===
By 1993, changes in the market made it increasingly difficult for Tandy Corporation to make a profit on its computer line. Tandy Corporation sold its computer manufacturing business to [[AST Computers]], and all Tandy computer lines were terminated. Radio Shack stores then began selling computers made by other manufacturers, such as [[IBM]]<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Radio+Shack+adds+hot+new+IBM+Aptiva+MPC+to+name-brand+computer+line.-a015914929|access-date=May 16, 2017|date=Nov 9, 1994|via=Business Wire|title=Radio Shack adds hot new IBM Aptiva MPC to name-brand computer line.|archive-date=July 14, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180714021322/https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Radio+Shack+adds+hot+new+IBM+Aptiva+MPC+to+name-brand+computer+line.-a015914929|url-status=dead}}</ref> and [[Compaq]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://corpinfo.radioshack.com/investor/annualreports/97/ops_computers.htm |title=Radio Shack Computers - 1997 Annual Report |publisher=RadioShack.com |date=1997 |access-date=2015-02-12 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150212025433/http://corpinfo.radioshack.com/investor/annualreports/97/ops_computers.htm |archive-date=February 12, 2015 }}</ref>