Editing Swing (dance) (section)

==Original forms dating from the 1920s and early 1930s==

* [[Charleston (dance)]] is danced partnered or solo, often to faster music. It includes a number of positions, including side-by-side, hand-to-hand, and tandem.  In "jockey position", the closed position is opened out so that both partners may face forward, without breaking apart.  In side-by-side Charleston, partners open the closed position entirely, so that their only points of connection are at their touching hips and arm contact, wherein the leader's right hand and arm touch the follower's back and the follower's left hand and arm touch the leader's shoulder and arm.  Both partners then swing their free arms as they would in solo Charleston. In both jockey and side-by-side Charleston, the leader steps back onto their left foot, while the follower steps back onto their right. In tandem Charleston, one partner stands in front of the other (usually the follower, though the arrangement may vary), both face in the same direction to start, and both begin by stepping back onto the left foot.  The partner behind holds the front partner's hands, and their joined arms swing backwards and forwards, as in the basic step.
* [[Balboa (dance)|Balboa]], also known as "Bal", is an 8-count dance that is done in [[closed position]]. The earliest form of the dance (often called "Pure Balboa") evolved in the mostly conservative dance halls of southern California where space was limited and strict codes of conduct were enforced.  These dance halls usually prohibited the wild kicks of the Charleston and Lindy Hop.  Pure Balboa is characterized by an upright posture with partners standing chest to chest.  Step variations generally play with the rhythm or look and feel (style) from below the knee downwards and deal with changes in direction. Balboa is frequently danced to fast [[jazz]] (usually anything from 180 to 320&nbsp;[[beats per minute|BPM]]), though many like a slower (170-190&nbsp;BPM) tempo. While most dancers differentiate between pure Balboa and [[Bal-Swing]], both are considered to be a part of the dance. Bal-Swing evolved from Balboa when original Balboa dancers experimented with fancier variations of the dance which forced the chest to chest connection to be broken. In this form of Balboa a variety of spins, turns, dips, tricks, and even air steps are introduced.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Guest|first1=Dan|title=Balboa History|url=http://www.lindycircle.com/history/balboa/|website=www.lindycircle.com|publisher=10/17/2005|access-date=6 February 2015}}</ref>
* [[Lindy Hop]] evolved in the early 1930s.<ref name="Frankie Manning: Ambassador of Lindy Hop">{{cite book|last1=Manning|first1=Frankie|title=Frankie Manning: Ambassador of Lindy Hop|date=2007|publisher=Temple University Press|isbn=9781592135639|page=46|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cPdDLXYWWaUC&q=international%20encyclopedia%20of%20dance%20swing&pg=PA46|access-date=6 February 2015}}</ref> It is a dance of African American origin characterized by a high degree of physical vigor.<ref>Spring, Howard. Swing and the Lindy Hop: Dance, Venue, Media, and Tradition. Vol. 15. University of Illinois Press, 1997. 183-207</ref> It is characterized by an 8-count basic, the "swingout", that transitions from open position through closed position and back. It has an emphasis on improvisation and the ability to include other steps in 8-count and 6-count rhythms.<ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite book|last1=Manning|first1=Frankie|title=Frankie Manning: Ambassador of Lindy Hop|date=2007|publisher=Temple University Press|isbn=9781592135639|page=230|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cPdDLXYWWaUC&q=international%20encyclopedia%20of%20dance%20swing&pg=PA46|access-date=6 February 2015}}</ref> The name "Lindy Hop" is often attributed to "Shorty" George Snowden during an interaction with a newspaper writer who asked him what kind of dance they were doing. Because Charles Lindbergh had just made his famous solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean, Shorty George is said to have replied, "the Lindy Hop." Whether it was Shorty George who coined the name is disputed by some writers, but, in any case, the name stuck.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Pritchett|first1=Judy|title="Shorty" George Snowden|url=http://www.savoystyle.com/shorty_george.html|website=www.savoystyle.com|publisher=1995-2006|access-date=6 February 2015}}</ref> The [[Savoy Ballroom]] in Harlem was the home of the Lindy Hop. As its popularity increased, professional troupes were formed. These troupes toured the United States and Europe performing versions of the Lindy Hop.<ref>Spring, Howard. Swing and the Lindy Hop: Dance, Venue, Media, and Tradition. Vol. 15. University of Illinois Press, 1997. 183-207.</ref>
* [[Collegiate Shag]] (or "Shag") is done primarily to uptempo swing and sometimes pre-swing jazz music (185–200+ BPM). It is believed that the dance originated in the Carolinas in the 1920s,<ref name=rebirth/><ref>“Shag Latest Dance” ''Blytheville Courier News'' (Arkansas) 25 July 1929: 5 [Research credit: Forrest Outman]</ref> later spreading across the United States during the 1930s. The shag is still danced today by swing dance enthusiasts worldwide. Shag is believed to have been the first and most popular swing dance of the original swing era<ref name=rebirth/>