Editing Subluxation (section)

== Medical ==
=== Joints ===

[[File:Metacarpophalangeal subluxation.svg|thumb| X-ray showing [[Metacarpophalangeal joint|metacarpophalangeal]] subluxation of the thumb of a 71-year-old woman due to [[trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis]]]]
A subluxation of a [[joint]] is where a connecting bone is partially out of the joint.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=UjKPBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA107 Page 107] in: {{cite book|title=Medical Terminology & Anatomy for ICD-10 Coding|author=Betsy J. Shiland|edition=2|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|year=2014|isbn=9780323290784}}</ref> In contrast to a luxation, which is a complete separation of the joint, a subluxation often returns to its normal position without additional help from a [[health professional]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=NDb1OOK8ZsoC&pg=PA63 page 63] in: {{cite book|title=The Practical Guide to Athletic Training|author=Ted Eaves|publisher=Jones & Bartlett Publishers|year=2011|isbn=9781449662684}}</ref> An example of a joint subluxation is a [[nursemaid's elbow]], which is the subluxation of the head of the [[Radius (bone)|radius]] from the [[annular ligament of radius|annular ligament]]. Other joints that are prone to subluxations are the [[shoulder]]s, [[finger]]s, [[patella|kneecaps]], ribs, wrists, ankles, and hips affected by [[hip dysplasia (human)|hip dysplasia]]. A spinal subluxation is visible on X-rays and can sometimes impinge on [[spinal nerve]] roots, causing symptoms in the areas served by those roots. In the spine, such a displacement may be caused by a [[fracture]], [[spondylolisthesis]], [[rheumatoid arthritis]],<ref>{{cite web | url= http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/398955-overview | title= Rheumatoid Arthritis Spine Imaging | first= Michele | last= Calleja | editor-first= Felix S | editor-last= Chew | work= Medscape reference | publisher= WebMD LLC | date=May 25, 2011 | access-date=March 12, 2013 }}</ref> severe [[osteoarthritis]], falls, accidents and other traumas.

=== Ophthalmology ===

A subluxation of the [[lens (anatomy)|lens]] within the [[Human eye|eye]] is called [[ectopia lentis]], wherein it is displaced or malpositioned.<ref>{{cite web | url= http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1211159-overview | title= Ectopia Lentis | first= Charles W | last= Eifrig | editor-first= Hampton | editor-last= Roy Sr | work=  Medscape | publisher= WebMD LLC | date=July 22, 2011 | access-date=March 12, 2013 }}</ref> Subluxated lenses are frequently found in those who have had ocular trauma and those with certain systemic disorders, such as [[Marfan syndrome]], [[Ehlers–Danlos syndrome]], [[Loeys–Dietz syndrome]] and [[homocystinuria]]. Some subluxated lenses may require removal, as in the case of those that float freely or those that have opacified to form [[cataract]]s.{{citation needed|date=October 2020}}