Editing St. Lawrence County, New York (section)

== History ==

When counties were established by England in the [[Province of New York]] in 1683, the present St. Lawrence County was part of [[Albany County, New York|Albany County]]. This was an enormous territory, including the northern part of New York State as well as all of the present State of [[Vermont]] and, in theory, extending westward to the Pacific Ocean. The county was reduced in size on July 3, 1766, by the creation of [[Cumberland County, New York|Cumberland County]], and further on March 16, 1770, by the creation of [[Gloucester County, New York|Gloucester County]], both containing territory now in Vermont.

On March 12, 1772, what was left of Albany County was split into three parts, one remaining under the name Albany County. The other two were called [[Tryon County, New York|Tryon County]] (later renamed [[Montgomery County, New York|Montgomery County]]) and [[Charlotte County, Province of New York|Charlotte County]] (later renamed [[Washington County, New York|Washington County]]).

Tryon County contained the western portion (and, since no western boundary was specified, theoretically extended west to the Pacific). The eastern boundary of Tryon County was approximately five miles west of the present city of [[Schenectady, New York|Schenectady]], and the county included the western part of the [[Adirondack Mountains]] and the area west of the West Branch of the [[Delaware River]]. The area then designated as Tryon County included what are now 37 counties of New York State. The county was named for [[William Tryon]], colonial governor of New York. Charlotte County contained the eastern portion of Albany County.

In 1784, following the peace treaty that ended the [[American Revolutionary War]], the name "Charlotte County" was changed to [[Washington County, New York|Washington County]] to honor [[George Washington]], the [[American Revolutionary War]] general and later [[President of the United States of America]]. Tryon County was changed to [[Montgomery County, New York|Montgomery County]] to honor the general, [[Richard Montgomery]], who had captured several places in Canada and died trying to capture the city of [[Quebec]]. It replaced the name of the British governor, hated by the rebels.

In 1788, [[Clinton County, New York|Clinton County]] was split off from Washington County. This was a much larger area than the present Clinton County, including part of what would later become St. Lawrence County, as well as several other counties or county parts of the present New York State.

In 1789, the size of Montgomery County was reduced by the splitting off of [[Ontario County, New York|Ontario County]] from Montgomery. The actual area split off from Montgomery County was much larger than the present county, also including the present [[Allegany County, New York|Allegany]], [[Cattaraugus County, New York|Cattaraugus]], [[Chautauqua County, New York|Chautauqua]], [[Erie County, New York|Erie]], [[Genesee County, New York|Genesee]], [[Livingston County, New York|Livingston]], [[Monroe County, New York|Monroe]], [[Niagara County, New York|Niagara]], [[Orleans County, New York|Orleans]], [[Steuben County, New York|Steuben]], [[Wyoming County, New York|Wyoming]], [[Yates County, New York|Yates]], and part of [[Schuyler County, New York|Schuyler]] and [[Wayne County, New York|Wayne Counties]].

St. Lawrence County is part of [[Macomb's Purchase]] of 1791.

In 1791, Herkimer County was one of three counties split off from Montgomery (the other two being [[Otsego County, New York|Otsego]], and [[Tioga County, New York|Tioga County]]). This was much larger than the present county, however, and was reduced by a number of subsequent splits. The first was the splitting off in 1794 of [[Onondaga County, New York|Onondaga County]]. This county was larger than the current Onondaga County, including the present [[Cayuga County, New York|Cayuga]], [[Cortland County, New York|Cortland]], and part of [[Oswego County, New York|Oswego Counties]]. This was followed by the splitting off in 1798 from Herkimer County of two portions: one, [[Oneida County, New York|Oneida County]], was larger than the current Oneida County, including the present [[Jefferson County, New York|Jefferson]], [[Lewis County, New York|Lewis]], and part of [[Oswego County, New York|Oswego Counties]]; another portion, together with a portion of [[Tioga County, New York|Tioga County]], was taken to form [[Chenango County, New York|Chenango County]].

In 1799, Clinton County was reduced in size by the splitting off of [[Essex County, New York|Essex County]] from Clinton County.

In 1802, parts of Clinton, Herkimer, and Montgomery counties were taken to form the new St. Lawrence County. At that time [[Ogdensburg, New York|Ogdensburg]] was the county seat. In 1828 the county seat was moved to [[Canton (village), New York|Canton]]. The selection of Canton as the county seat was a compromise by the state legislature to end competition between factions supporting Ogdensburg and [[Potsdam (village), New York|Potsdam]] for the county seat.<ref>Linda Casserly, [http://www.courts.state.ny.us/courts/4jd/stlawrence/history.shtml County Courthouse Has 'Fiery' History] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611131549/http://www.courts.state.ny.us/courts/4jd/stlawrence/history.shtml |date=June 11, 2011 }}, ''St. Lawrence Plaindealer'', May 23, 2000. Archived copy on website of New York 4th Judicial District, St. Lawrence County.</ref>

===Earthquake===
On September 5, 1944, a 5.8{{nbsp}}magnitude [[1944 Cornwall–Massena earthquake|earthquake centered in Massena]] struck the county. The earthquake was felt from Canada to Maryland, and from Maine to Indiana. The earthquake was the strongest earthquake in New York State history.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/states/events/1944_09_05.php |title= Historic Earthquakes |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20161110091527/http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/states/events/1944_09_05.php |archivedate=November 10, 2016 |work= United States Geological Survey |date= November 1, 2012 }}</ref>