Editing Sorbonne University (section)

==History==

=== College of Sorbonne ===
{{Main article|College of Sorbonne}}
[[Robert de Sorbon]] (1201–1274), chaplain to [[King Louis IX]] (Saint Louis), observed the difficulties experienced by poor "schoolchildren" in achieving the rank of doctor. In February 1257, he had a house (''domus'') officially established which he intended for a certain number of secular clergy who, living in common and without concern for their material existence, would be entirely occupied with study and teaching. This house was named the [[college of Sorbonne]].

The old slogan of the establishment, "''Sorbonne University, creators of futures since 1257''", refers to this date. The college of Sorbonne was closed along with all the other colleges of the former [[University of Paris]] in 1793.

The college of Sorbonne was located on the site of the current [[Sorbonne (building)|Sorbonne]] building, shared between Sorbonne University and [[Panthéon-Sorbonne University]].

=== Faculty of Humanities of Paris, "the Sorbonne" ===
{{Main article|University of Paris Faculty of Humanities}}
Based at the [[Sorbonne (building)|Sorbonne]], the University of Paris Faculty of Humanities (commonly known as the ''Sorbonne'' because of its location) was created by the decree of 17 March 1808 on the organisation of the [[University of France|Imperial University of France]].<ref>George Weisz, ''The emergence of modern universities in France, 1863–1914'' (Princeton University Press, 2014).</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=The Sorbonne in the 19th century – La Chancellerie des Universités de Paris |url=https://www.sorbonne.fr/en/the-sorbonne/history-of-the-sorbonne/la-sorbonne-au-xixe-siecle-le-temps-des-grands-travaux-sous-la-troisieme-republique/ |access-date=2025-01-09 |website=La Chancellerie des Universités de Paris}}</ref> 

Under the [[Bourbon Restoration in France|Bourbon Restoration]], the faculty welcomed an average of 1,000 to 1,500 students a year, rising to 2,000 under the [[July Monarchy]]. But the number of teaching staff remained limited: between 1809 and 1878, only 51 professors taught at the Faculty of Humanities.<ref name=":0" />

Following the promulgation of laws on 28 April 1893, giving civil personality to the bodies formed by the union of several faculties of an academy, and 10 July 1896, giving the name of university to the bodies of faculties, the new [[University of Paris]] was created in 1896 through the merger of the Faculty of Science, the [[University of Paris Faculty of Humanities|Faculty of Humanities]], the [[University of Paris Faculty of Law|Faculty of Law]], the Faculty of Medicine, the Faculty of Protestant Theology (created in 1877 and transformed into a free faculty in 1905), and the ''École supérieure de pharmacie''. It was inaugurated on 19 November 1896 by its president, [[Félix Faure]].

=== Faculty of Sciences of Paris ===
The Faculty of Sciences in Paris was opened in 1811 following the creation of the [[University of France|Imperial University of France]], and was housed in the ''Collège du Plessis'', in the [[Latin Quarter, Paris|Latin Quarter]] of Paris.<ref name=":0" /> 

In 1826, the faculty moved to the [[Sorbonne (building)|Sorbonne]]. It remained there until 1962, when it moved to the [[Jussieu Campus]]. The Jussieu campus is now the main site of the [[Sorbonne Faculty of Science and Engineering|Sorbonne University Faculty of Science and Engineering]].<ref>Sabine Delanes, « Le campus de Jussieu », dans Christian Hottin (dir.), ''Universités et grandes écoles à Paris : les palais de la science'', Paris 1999 {{ISBN|2-913246-03-6}}.</ref> At the same time, in 1927 it opened a [[satellite campus]] at [[Paris-Saclay Faculty of Sciences|Orsay]], in the south of Paris, which would later become the current [[Paris-Saclay University]], as well as a satellite campus at [[University of Orléans|Orléans]] in 1960.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=22 August 2024 |author=Journal officiel de la République française (JORF) |date=14 April 1966 |format=pdf |language=fr |title=Décret n°66–235 du 14 avril 1966 constituant une université à Orléans |url=https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000000695425 |url-access=limited |website=legifrance.gouv.fr}}<!-- auto-translated from French by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>

=== Splitting of the University of Paris ===
In 1971, the University of Paris, including its humanities and science faculties, split into several interdisciplinary universities. Some, including the [[Paris-Sorbonne University|University of Paris-Sorbonne]], retained the name "[[Sorbonne (disambiguation)|Sorbonne]]" and premises in the historic centre of the University of Paris, which had until then been mainly devoted to the faculties of Humanities and Sciences.

The [[Pierre and Marie Curie University|University of Paris-VI]], later renamed as "UPMC", is created from the majority of the teaching and research units of the Faculty of Sciences of Paris (the others joining the universities of Paris-VII Denis Diderot (now [[Université Paris Cité]]), [[Paris-Saclay University]] in Orsay, [[Paris XII|Paris-XII]] and [[Université Sorbonne Paris Nord|Paris-XIII]] in Villetaneuse) and part of the units of the [[University of Paris|Faculty of Medicine of Paris]] (the others joining the universities of Paris-V René Descartes (now [[Université Paris Cité]]), Paris-VII Denis Diderot and [[Université Sorbonne Paris Nord|Paris-XIII]]).

=== Reunification of the University of Paris-Sorbonne and UPMC ===
In 2010, some of the direct successors of the faculties of the University of Paris created the [[Sorbonne University Association|Sorbonne Universities Association]]. The following universities, members of the [[university system]], decided to merge into Sorbonne University in 2018:

*[[Paris-Sorbonne University]] (Paris IV) (1971–2017), formerly a constituent part of the faculty of humanities of the University of Paris.
*[[Université Pierre et Marie Curie]] (UPMC or Paris VI) (1971–2017), formerly a constituent part of the faculty of sciences and of the school of medicine of the University of Paris.

At the same time, the Sorbonne Universities Association was renamed the Sorbonne University alliance; it includes the following institutions for academic cooperation:<ref>{{cite web|title=Association Sorbonne-Universités|url=http://www.sorbonne-universites.fr/a-propos-de/les-membres-de-lassociation-sorbonne-universite.html|website=Association Sorbonne-Universités|access-date=1 January 2018|archive-date=10 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410122350/http://www.sorbonne-universites.fr/a-propos-de/les-membres-de-lassociation-sorbonne-universite.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

* [[University of Technology of Compiègne]] (1972–&nbsp;)
* [[INSEAD]]
* [[National Museum of Natural History (France)|National Museum of Natural History]]
* ''Centre international d’études pédagogiques'' (International Centre for Pedagogical Studies)
* ''Pôle supérieur d’enseignement artistique Paris Boulogne-Billancourt''
* Four research institutes

As part of the reforms of French Higher Education, on 19 March 2018, the international jury called by the French Government for the "''Initiative d'excellence''" (IDEX) confirmed the definite win of Sorbonne University. Consequently, Sorbonne University won an endowment of 900 Million euros with no limit of time. This is the first higher education institution in Paris region to win such an endowment. The university was established by a decree issued 21 April 2017, taking effect 1 January 2018.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000034455357&dateTexte=&categorieLien=id |title=Décret n° 2017-596 du 21 avril 2017 portant création de l'université Sorbonne-Université |work=[[Journal officiel de la République française]] |date=23 April 2017 |access-date=5 August 2017 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001231834/https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000034455357&dateTexte=&categorieLien=id |url-status=live }}</ref>