Editing Silicone (section)

== History ==

[[Frederic Kipping|F. S. Kipping]] coined the word ''silicone'' in 1901 to describe the formula of polydiphenylsiloxane, {{chem2|Ph2SiO}} (Ph = [[phenyl]], {{chem2|C6H5}}), by analogy with the formula of the [[ketone]] [[benzophenone]], {{chem2|Ph2CO}} (his term was originally ''silicoketone''). Kipping was well aware that polydiphenylsiloxane is polymeric<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Thomas |first1=Neil R. |title=Frederic Stanley Kipping—Pioneer in Silicon Chemistry: His Life & Legacy |journal=Silicon |date=12 August 2010 |volume=2 |issue=4 |pages=187–193 |doi=10.1007/s12633-010-9051-x|doi-access=free }}</ref> whereas benzophenone is monomeric and noted the contrasting properties of {{chem2|Ph2SiO}} and {{chem2|Ph2CO}}.<ref>{{Greenwood&Earnshaw2nd|page=362}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Frederic Kipping, L. L. Lloyd |journal=[[Journal of the Chemical Society|J. Chem. Soc., Trans.]] |year=1901 |volume=79 |pages=449–459 |doi=10.1039/CT9017900449 |title=XLVII. Organic derivatives of silicon. Triphenylsilicol and alkyloxysilicon chlorides |url=https://zenodo.org/record/1753322}}</ref>  The discovery of the structural differences between Kipping's molecules and the ketones means that ''silicone'' is no longer the correct term (though it remains in common usage) and that the term ''siloxane'' is preferred according to the nomenclature of modern chemistry.<ref name="CincinnatiUniversity2005">{{cite book |author1=James E. Mark |author2=Harry R. Allcock |author3=Robert West |title=Inorganic Polymers |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7YybTrluKBgC&pg=PA155 |date=24 March 2005 |publisher=Oxford University |isbn=978-0-19-535131-6 |page=155 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171218190618/https://books.google.com/books?id=7YybTrluKBgC&pg=PA155 |archive-date=18 December 2017}}</ref>

[[James Franklin Hyde]] was an American chemist and inventor. He has been called the "Father of Silicones" and is credited with the launch of the silicone industry in the 1930s. His most notable contributions include his creation of silicone from silicon compounds and his method of making [[Fused quartz|fused silica]], a high-quality glass later used in aeronautics, advanced telecommunications, and computer chips. His work led to the formation of [[Dow Corning]], an alliance between the [[Dow Chemical Company]] and [[Corning Glass|Corning Glass Works]] that was specifically created to produce silicone products.