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==Medical uses== [[File:Viagra Tablette.jpg|thumb|Pfizer Viagra tablet in the trademark blue diamond shape]] ===Erectile dysfunction=== The primary indication of sildenafil is treatment of [[erectile dysfunction]] (inability to sustain a satisfactory erection to complete [[sexual intercourse]]). Its use is now one of the standard treatments for erectile dysfunction, including for males with [[diabetes mellitus]].<ref name="Vardi">{{cite journal | vauthors = Vardi M, Nini A | title = Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for erectile dysfunction in patients with diabetes mellitus | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | issue = 1 | pages = CD002187 | date = January 2007 | volume = 2009 | pmid = 17253475 | pmc = 6718223 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD002187.pub3 }}</ref> ====Antidepressant-associated erectile dysfunction==== Tentative evidence suggests that sildenafil may help males who experience [[antidepressant]]-induced [[erectile dysfunction]].<ref name="Taylor">{{cite journal | vauthors = Taylor MJ, Rudkin L, Bullemor-Day P, Lubin J, Chukwujekwu C, Hawton K | title = Strategies for managing sexual dysfunction induced by antidepressant medication | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | issue = 5 | pages = CD003382 | date = May 2013 | pmid = 23728643 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD003382.pub3 | url = https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/strategies-for-managing-sexual-dysfunction-induced-by-antidepressant-medication(5f0f0033-e139-42cc-9590-d3b5cad1bb25).html | doi-access = free | access-date = 30 November 2019 | archive-date = 10 October 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201010111725/https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/strategies-for-managing-sexual-dysfunction-induced-by-antidepressant-medication(5f0f0033-e139-42cc-9590-d3b5cad1bb25).html/ | url-status = live }}</ref> ===Pulmonary hypertension=== While sildenafil improves some markers of disease in people with [[Pulmonary hypertension|pulmonary arterial hypertension]], it does not appear to affect the risk of death or serious side effects.<ref name="Wang">{{cite journal | vauthors = Wang RC, Jiang FM, Zheng QL, Li CT, Peng XY, He CY, Luo J, Liang ZA | title = Efficacy and safety of sildenafil treatment in pulmonary arterial hypertension: a systematic review | journal = Respiratory Medicine | volume = 108 | issue = 3 | pages = 531–7 | date = March 2014 | pmid = 24462476 | doi = 10.1016/j.rmed.2014.01.003 | url = http://www.resmedjournal.com/article/S0954-6111(14)00023-7/pdf | access-date = 5 November 2016 | doi-access = free | archive-date = 29 August 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210829060021/https://www.resmedjournal.com/article/S0954-6111%2814%2900023-7/pdf | url-status = live }}</ref> ===Raynaud's phenomenon=== Sildenafil and other [[PDE5 inhibitor]]s are used [[Off-label use|off-label]] to alleviate [[vasospasm]] and treat severe ischemia and ulcers in fingers and toes for people with secondary [[Raynaud's phenomenon]];<ref name="Raynaud's treatment - sildenafil + other PDE5 inhibitors" /><ref name="Raynaud's treatments" /> these drugs have moderate efficacy for reducing the frequency and duration of vasospastic episodes.<ref name="Raynaud's treatment - sildenafil + other PDE5 inhibitors">{{cite journal | vauthors = Roustit M, Blaise S, Allanore Y, Carpentier PH, Caglayan E, Cracowski JL | title = Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors for the treatment of secondary Raynaud's phenomenon: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials | journal = Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases | volume = 72 | issue = 10 | pages = 1696–9 | date = October 2013 | pmid = 23426043 | doi = 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-202836 | quote = PDE-5 inhibitors appear to have significant but moderate efficacy in secondary [Raynaud's phenomenon]. | s2cid = 33666968 }}</ref> {{As of|2016|post=,}} their role more generally in Raynaud's was not clear.<ref name="Raynaud's treatments">{{cite journal | vauthors = Linnemann B, Erbe M | title = Raynaud's phenomenon and digital ischaemia--pharmacologic approach and alternative treatment options | journal = VASA. Zeitschrift für Gefässkrankheiten | volume = 45 | issue = 3 | pages = 201–12 | date = 2016 | pmid = 27129065 | doi = 10.1024/0301-1526/a000526 | quote = Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (e.g., sildenafil) can also improve [Raynaud's phenomenon] symptoms and ulcer healing }}</ref> === Altitude sickness === Sildenafil has shown some potential for improving exercise performance at [[Altitude sickness|high altitudes]]. However, its overall efficacy is not clear.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Dang ZC, Yang Z, Liu S, Du GM, Jin L, Zhao ZZ | title = Efficacy of Sildenafil on healthy humans in high‑altitude hypoxia at rest and during exercise: A meta‑analysis | journal = Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine | volume = 27 | issue = 2 | pages = 88 | date = February 2024 | pmid = 38274336 | pmc = 10809317 | doi = 10.3892/etm.2024.12376 }}</ref> ==== High-altitude pulmonary edema ==== Sildenafil has been studied for [[high-altitude pulmonary edema]] (HAPE), but its use is currently not recommended for that indication.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Nieto Estrada VH, Molano Franco D, Medina RD, Gonzalez Garay AG, Martí-Carvajal AJ, Arevalo-Rodriguez I | title = Interventions for preventing high altitude illness: Part 1. Commonly-used classes of drugs | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 6 | pages = CD009761 | date = June 2017 | issue = 12 | pmid = 28653390 | pmc = 6481751 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD009761.pub2 }}</ref>
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