Editing Shoot (botany) (section)

==Shoot types of woody plants==
[[File: The pruning-book; a monograph of the pruning and training of plants as applied to American conditions (1903) (14581189429).jpg|thumb|Development of fruiting spurs on an apple tree. Left: A two-year-old shoot; Right: A three-year-old shoot with fruit spurs]]
Many [[woody plant]]s have distinct '''short shoots''' and '''long shoots'''. In some [[angiosperm]]s, the short shoots, also called '''spur shoots''' or '''fruit spurs''', produce the majority of flowers and fruit. A similar pattern occurs in some [[conifer]]s and in ''[[Ginkgo]]'', although the "short shoots" of some genera such as ''Picea'' are so small that they can be mistaken for part of the leaf that they have produced.<ref>{{citation |author1=Gifford, E.M. |author2=Foster, A.S. |year=1989  |title=Morphology, and evolution of vascular plants |journal=Taxon |volume=38 |issue=4 |page=613 |publisher=W. H. Freeman and Company |location=New York|doi=10.2307/1222641 |jstor=1222641 |bibcode=1989Taxon..38Q.613S }}</ref>

{{anchor|Heterophylly|Seasonal heterophylly|Anisophylly}}A related phenomenon is '''seasonal heterophylly''', which involves visibly different leaves from spring growth and later [[lammas growth]].<ref>{{citation |author=Eckenwalder, J.E. |year=1980 |title=Foliar Heteromorphism in ''Populus'' (Salicaceae), a Source of Confusion in the Taxonomy of Tertiary Leaf Remains |journal=Systematic Botany |volume=5 |issue=4 |pages=366–383 |jstor=2418518 |doi=10.2307/2418518|bibcode=1980SysBo...5..366E }}</ref> Whereas spring growth mostly comes from buds formed the previous season, and often includes flowers, lammas growth often involves long shoots.{{cn|date=June 2024}}

<gallery>
File: Suckers on stump.jpg|Long shoot growth
File: Pyrus pyrifolia (Hosui) blossom.jpg|A mature fruiting spur on a Nashi pear tree, ''[[Pyrus pyrifolia]]''
File: Cedrus deodara 02.JPG|On long shoots of ''[[Cedrus deodara]]'' individual leaves may have [[bud]]s in the axils.
File:20130903Cedrus deodara2.jpg|''Cedrus deodara'' forms short shoots (from buds) along the long shoots.
</gallery>