Editing Self (section)

==Psychology==
{{main|Psychology of self}}
The psychology of self is the study of either the [[cognitive]] and [[affective]] representation of one's identity or the subject of experience. The earliest formulation of the self in [[History of psychology|modern psychology]] forms the distinction between two elements I and me. The self as ''I'', is the subjective knower. While, the self as ''Me'', is the subject that is known.<ref>James, W. (1891).  ''The Principles of Psychology, Vol. 1.'' Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. (Original work published 1890)</ref>  Current views of the self in psychology positions the self as playing an integral part in human motivation, cognition, affect, and [[social identity]].<ref>Sedikides, C. & Spencer, S.J. (Eds.) (2007). ''The Self''. New York: Psychology Press</ref> Self, following the ideas of [[John Locke]], has been seen as a product of [[episodic memory]]<ref name="Conway">{{cite journal | pmid = 10789197 | volume=107 | issue=2 | title=The construction of autobiographical memories in the self-memory system | date=April 2000 | journal=Psychol Rev | pages=261–88 | last1 = Conway | first1 = MA | last2 = Pleydell-Pearce | first2 = CW| doi=10.1037/0033-295X.107.2.261 | citeseerx=10.1.1.621.9717 }}</ref> but research on people with [[amnesia]] reveals that they have a coherent sense of self based on preserved conceptual autobiographical knowledge.<ref name="Rathbone">{{cite journal | pmid = 19382038 | doi=10.1080/13554790902849164 | volume=15 | issue=5 | title=Autobiographical memory and amnesia: using conceptual knowledge to ground the self | date=October 2009 | journal=Neurocase | pages=405–18 | last1 = Rathbone | first1 = CJ | last2 = Moulin | first2 = CJ | last3 = Conway | first3 = MA| s2cid=205774482 | url=http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/21635/ }}</ref> Hence, it is possible to correlate cognitive and affective experiences of self with neural processes.  A goal of this ongoing research is to provide grounding insight into the elements of which the complex multiple situated selves of human identity are composed.

What the Freudian tradition has subjectively called, "sense of self" is for Jungian analytic psychology, where one's identity is lodged in the persona or [[Ego (Freudian)|ego]] and is subject to change in maturation. [[Carl Jung]] distinguished, "The self is not only the center but also the whole circumference which embraces both conscious and unconscious; it is the center of this totality...".<ref>Jung, Carl. CW 12, ¶44</ref> The [[Self in Jungian psychology]] is "the archetype of wholeness and the regulating center of the psyche ... a transpersonal power that transcends the ego."<ref>Jung, Carl. (1951) CW 9ii, The Self. Princeton University Press.</ref><ref>Sharp, Daryl (1991). Jung Lexicon: A Primer of Terms & Concepts. Inner City Books. p. 119</ref> As a [[Jungian archetype]], it cannot be seen directly, but by ongoing individuating maturation and analytic observation, can be experienced objectively by its cohesive wholeness-making factor.<ref>Jung, Emma & von Franz, Marie-Louise. (1998). The Grail Legend, Princeton University Press. p. 98.</ref>

Meanwhile, [[self psychology]] is a set of psychotherapeutic principles and techniques established by the Austrian-born American psychoanalyst [[Heinz Kohut]] upon the foundation of the psychoanalytic method developed by Freud, and is specifically focused on the subjectivity of experience, which, according to self psychology, is mediated by a psychological structure called the self.<ref>Wolf, E. S. (2002). Treating the self: Elements of clinical self-psychology. Guilford Press.</ref> Examples of psychiatric conditions where such "sameness" may become broken include [[depersonalization]], which sometimes occurs in [[schizophrenia]], where the self appears different from the subject.