Editing Sartell, Minnesota (section)

==History==
[[Image:Watab-LongPrairieReservation1843Nicollet.gif|thumb|left|250px|Winnebago 1846 Reservation, Nicollet's 1843 map.]]
The first known Native American tribe in the area now known as Sartell were the [[Dakota people|Dakota]]. [[Daniel Greysolon, Sieur du Lhut|Greysolon du Luht]] ("[[Duluth]]") visited the large [[Mdewakantonwan]] village [[Dakota people#Santee (Isáŋyathi or Eastern Dakota)|Izatys]] on [[Mille Lacs Lake]] in 1679. As the [[Anishinaabe|Anishinaabe people]] moved westward around [[Lake Superior]] and into the interior away from the Europeans in the 18th century,<ref>{{cite book |last=Hickerson|first=Harold|title=The Southwestern Chippewa: An Ethnohistorical Study|year=1962 |publisher=American Anthropological Association |series=American Anthropological Association Memoir |volume=92}}</ref> they pushed the neighboring [[Sioux#Eastern Dakota|Sioux/Dakota]] people to their west—in present-day [[Minnesota]]—farther south and west away from them. By 1820 the [[Chippewa]]/Anishinaabe controlled all of northern Minnesota, but raids between them and the Dakota to the south continued. The area later named Sartell was an intertribal [[no man's land]] when French fur traders and British geographers first descended the [[Mississippi River]] from the [[Anishinaabe]] north (Jean-Baptiste Perrault 1789,<ref>{{cite web |url= http://collections.mnhs.org/MNHistoryMagazine/articles/11/v11i04p353-385.pdf|title= Minnesota Fur-Trading Posts 1930 pp 374–5 |access-date=August 28, 2012 |publisher= Minnesota Historical Society}}</ref> [[David Thompson (explorer)|David Thompson]] 1798), and American explorers ascended the river from the [[Sioux]] south ([[Zebulon Pike]] 1805, [[Lewis Cass]] 1820, [[Henry Schoolcraft]] 1832, [[Joseph Nicollet]] 1836).

The [[Watab Creek]] in Sartell marked part of the border between the [[Anishinaabe]] to the north and the [[Sioux#Eastern Dakota|Dakota]] to the south, who had lived farther north and east before the Anishinaabe's westward migrations. The U.S. legally established this border in its 1825 Treaty with the tribes at Prairie du Chien, which established a demarcation line between the Sioux and the Ojibwe at "the mouth of the first river which enters the Mississippi on its west side above the mouth of [[Sauk people#Geographical names|Sac (Sauk) river]]; thence ascending the said river (above the mouth of Sac river)".<ref>{{cite web |url= http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/vol2/treaties/sio0250.htm#mn6|title= 1825 Treaty with the Sioux and Chippewa, Sacs and Fox, Menominie, Ioway, Sioux, Winnebago, and a portion of the Ottawa, Chippewa, and Potawattomie, Tribes; at Prairie des Chiens |access-date=August 28, 2012 |publisher= Oklahoma State University Library}}</ref>

[[File:Winnebago (now Sartell) on the 1866 Mississippi river ribbon map.png|thumb|segment of map showing "Winnebago" at mile 2235 of the 1866 Mississippi River ribbon map by Coloney and Fairchild, St Louis.]] 

In 1846, 1,300 [[Ho-Chunk]] people were moved to the Sartell area,<ref>{{cite web |url= http://ho-chunknation.com/?PageId=820|title= Ho-Chunk timeline |access-date=August 28, 2012 |publisher= Ho-Chunk Nation, Wisconsin}}</ref> followed by the Chippewa/Anishinaabe sale of the area north of the [[Watab River]] and west of the Mississippi to the U.S.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/vol2/treaties/chi0567.htm|title= 1847 US Treaty with Chippewa Indians of the Mississippi and Lake Superior |access-date=August 28, 2012 |publisher= Oklahoma State University Library}}</ref> In 1848, more members of the Ho-Chunk/Winnebago tribe (related [[Western Siouan languages|Dakotan]] speakers) were moved by order of the [[U.S. government]] to the mouth of the [[Watab Creek]], now called the [[Long Prairie, Minnesota|Long Prairie]] reservation,<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.upress.umn.edu/book-division/books/north-country|title= North Country: The Making of Minnesota by Mary Lethert Winger |access-date=August 28, 2012 |publisher= U of Minnesota Press 2010 p220}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.upress.umn.edu/book-division/books/north-country|title= The failed Watab treaty of 1853 by Edward J. Pluth |access-date=August 28, 2012 |publisher= Minnesota Historical Society 2000 p3}}</ref> to serve as a human buffer between the warring Dakota and Anishinaabe.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.lib.uiowa.edu/spec-coll/MSC/ToMsc100/MsC96/MsC96_fortatkinson.html|title= Fort Atkinson, Iowa military records|access-date=August 28, 2012 |publisher= University of Iowa Libraries}}</ref> Unhappy living between two warring tribes, the Ho-Chunk stayed less than five years, moving again in 1853 to more peaceful territory 50 miles south on the Mississippi. Three years later they sold their grist and saw mills<ref>{{cite web |url= http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/vol2/treaties/win0690.htm|title= 1855 USA Treaty with the Winnebago|access-date=August 28, 2012 |publisher= Oklahoma State University Library}}</ref> and moved south of [[Mankato]]. A 100-yard section of the old "Indian Trail" still remains just north of the creek's mouth albeit overgrown. The area was known as "Winnebago" at the time of the 1866 ribbon map of the Mississippi River.

Sartell got its start as a small American town on the Mississippi River with lumber and a paper company as its main industries. The city's present site was originally called "The Third Rapids", as it was the third set of rough waters that French fur traders encountered as they traveled north from [[Saint Anthony Falls]] in [[Minneapolis]].

[[Image:Sartellpapermill1946.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Sartell's paper mill, as viewed from the air in 1946.]]

One of the first [[white people]] to settle in the fledgling town was Joseph B. Sartell, who arrived in 1854 and worked as a [[millwright]] at a local [[sawmill]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Upham|first=Warren|title=Minnesota Geographic Names: Their Origin and Historic Significance|url=https://archive.org/details/minnesotageogra00uphagoog|year=1920|publisher=Minnesota Historical Society|page=[https://archive.org/details/minnesotageogra00uphagoog/page/n70 51]}}</ref> In 1877, he opened a [[Gristmill|flour mill]] at the nearby Watab River, and in 1884 he started Sartell Brothers Lumber Company with his sons.

In 1905, construction began on both the Sartell Pulp and Paper Company and the [[Sartell Dam]] across the Mississippi, near the "third rapids". Both were completed in 1907, the dam project having claimed the lives of seven workers. Watab Pulp and Paper was rebuilt and expanded through the years, passing through multiple ownerships and eventually emerging as [[Sartell Paper Mill|Verso Paper's Sartell mill]], the city's largest employer.

In 1907, residents of the town decided to [[Municipal corporation|incorporate]]. Several influential people felt the town ought to be named Wengert, after a local businessman. But because of Joseph Sartell's many relatives and generous contributions to the community, the town was incorporated as "The Village of Sartell" in his honor. From 1907 until 1973 there was a Sartell on nearly every City Council, the most prominent being Ripley "Rip" B. Sartell, store owner and mayor for 31 years.

The village continued to grow slowly, developing a number of businesses and a downtown on the east side of the Mississippi along [[U.S. Highway 10]]. In the 1960s, the highway was rerouted farther east, contributing to the downtown's demise. In 1973 the Minnesota Legislature required all municipal designations be changed to "city", so "the Village of Sartell" became "the City of Sartell".<ref name="1973 CHAPTER 123—S.F.No.349">{{cite web |title=Laws of Minnesota for 1973, ch. 123 |url=https://www.revisor.mn.gov/laws/1973/0/Session+Law/Chapter/123/pdf/ |access-date=October 9, 2022}}</ref> The construction of the [[Sartell Bridge]] over the Mississippi in the early 1980s replaced the remaining businesses. This and Sartell's location near [[St. Cloud, Minnesota|St. Cloud]]'s major retail center account for its lack of a traditional "downtown".

Independent School District 748, Sartell-[[St. Stephen, Minnesota|St. Stephen]], was created in 1969 because residents wanted to educate their children locally. Despite the lack of a downtown, the city continued to grow at an increasing pace in the 1970s. From 1960 to the present, the city's population has gone from 700 to over 18,000.<ref name="cityhistory"/>