Editing Salsa music (section)

==Origins of the term Salsa==
[[File:Machito and his sister Graciella Grillo.jpg|thumb|right|[[Graciela]] on [[claves]] and her brother [[Machito]] on [[maraca]]s; Machito said that ''salsa'' was much like what he had been playing from the 1940s.]]
The word ''Salsa'' means [[sauce]] in the [[Spanish language]]. The origin of the connection of this word to a style of music is disputed by various music writers and historians.

The musicologist [[Max Salazar]] traced the origin of the connection to 1930 when [[Ignacio Piñeiro]] composed the song ''Échale salsita'' (Put some sauce in it).<ref>Salazar 1991; Waxer 2002, p. 6; Morales 2003, pp. 56–59. Morales dates the song to 1932.</ref> The phrase is seen as a cry from Piñeiro to his band, telling them to increase the tempo to "put the dancers into high gear".<ref name=Morales56>Morales 2003, p. 56</ref> In the mid-1940s, Cuban [[Cheo Marquetti]] emigrated to Mexico. He named his group Conjunto Los Salseros, with whom he recorded a couple of albums for the Panart and Egrem labels. Later on, while based in [[Mexico City]], the musician [[Beny Moré]] would shout ''salsa'' during a performance to acknowledge a musical moment's heat, making a connection with the hot [[salsa (sauce)]] made in the country.<ref name=Morales56/><ref name="Manuel, p. 46">Manuel 1990, "salsa is to Latinos as 'soul' is to blacks; salsa—literally, 'hot sauce'"</ref>

Puerto Rican music promoter Izzy Sanabria claims he was the first to use the word salsa to denote a [[music genre]]:
<blockquote>In 1973, I hosted the television show ''Salsa'' which was the first reference to this particular music as ''salsa''. I was using [the term] ''salsa'', but the music wasn't defined by that. The music was still defined as Latin music. And that was a very, very broad category, because it even includes mariachi music. It includes everything. So salsa defined this particular type of music ... It's a name that everyone could pronounce.<ref>Boggs 1992, p. 190</ref></blockquote>

Sanabria's ''Latin New York'' magazine was an [[English language]] publication. Consequently, his promoted events were covered in ''[[The New York Times]]'', as well as ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' and ''[[Newsweek]]'' magazines.<ref>Boggs 1992, p. 192. Izzy Sanabria: "In Santo Domingo ... they told me that they don't recognize a Dominican artist as having made it in New York City unless a photograph and something written on this artist appears in ''Latin New York''. I said 'but why?' And what he said: 'Because we consider ''Latin New York'' a North American publication.' You see what I mean? In other words, it's an American publication. It was in English. So because it was in English, because it was from America, then it's legitimate. That in a sense, was the major impact of ''Latin New York''."</ref> Sanabria confessed the term salsa was not developed by musicians: "Musicians were busy creating the music but played no role in promoting the name salsa."<ref name="Izzy Sanabria 2005">Izzy Sanabria 2005</ref> For this reason the use of the term salsa has been controversial among musicians. Some have praised its unification element. Celia Cruz said, "Salsa is Cuban music with another name. It's mambo, chachachá, rumba, son ... all the Cuban rhythms under one name."<ref name=Steward488>Steward 2000, p. 488.</ref> [[Willie Colón]] described salsa not as a precise musical style but a power to unite in the broadest terms: "Salsa was the force that united diverse Latino and other non-Latino racial and ethnic groups ...Salsa is the harmonic sum of all Latin culture ".<ref>Fuentes 2003, p. 59</ref>

On the other hand, even some New York based artists were originally against the commercialization of music under that name. [[Machito]] said: "There's nothing new about salsa, it is just the same old music that was played in Cuba for over fifty years."<ref name="Izzy Sanabria 2005" /> Similarly, [[Tito Puente]] stated: "The only salsa I know is sold in a bottle called ketchup. I play Cuban music."<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/salsa-is-more-than-salsa.htm | title=Salsa is More Than Salsa (U.S. National Park Service) }}</ref> Cuban musicologist Mayra Martínez wrote that "the term salsa obscured the Cuban base, the music's history or part of its history in Cuba. And salsa was a way to do this so that Jerry Masucci, Fania and other record companies, like CBS, could have a hegemony on the music and keep the Cuban musicians from spreading their music abroad."<ref name="Boggs189" /> Izzy Sanabria responded that Martínez was likely giving an accurate Cuban viewpoint, "but salsa was not planned that way".<ref name="Boggs189">Boggs 1992, p. 189</ref> Johnny Pacheco, co-founder of [[Fania Records]], gave his definition of the term “Salsa” during various interviews: “La salsa es, y siempre ha sido, la musica cubana.” Or translated, “Salsa is, and always has been, Cuban music.”<ref>{{cite web | url=https://semanariouniversidad.com/suplementos/forja/johnny-pacheco-el-ingrediente-esencial-de-la-salsa/ | title=Johnny Pacheco, el ingrediente esencial de la salsa • Semanario Universidad | date=23 February 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://salsaeslacura.com/el-maestro-johnny-pacheco-yo-soy-la-salsa/ | title=El Maestro Johnny Pacheco : 'Yo soy la Salsa' | date=24 February 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://archive.org/details/johnny-pacheco-define-la-palabra-salsa | title=Johnny Pacheco Define la Palabra Salsa }}</ref>

The marketing potential from the name was so big, that eventually both Machito, Puente, and even musicians in Cuba embraced the term as a financial necessity.<ref>In 1983, Machito won a Grammy Award in the Best Latin Recording category for ''Machito and his Salsa Big Band '82'' Timeless CD 168.</ref><ref>Izzy Sanabria 2005. "Years later, [Tito] Puente told me, 'Izzy you remember how much I hated and resisted the term salsa? Well I've had to accept it because wherever I travel, I find my records under the category of salsa.'"</ref><ref name="Mauleón 1999, p. 80">Mauleón 1999, p. 80</ref>