Editing Roll film (section)

==History==
[[File:Rollfilm 120.jpg|thumb|left|Classic 120 negative roll film, manufactured by [[Agfa-Gevaert]], with backing paper indicating total exposures available for 4.5×6, 6×6 and 6×9 cm camera film-frame sizes]]
In 1881 a farmer in Cambria, Wisconsin, Peter Houston, invented the first roll film camera. His younger brother David, filed the patents for various components of Peter's camera.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Archer|first=Myfanwy Morgan|title=Wisconsin man inventor of folding film roll Kodak features|journal=The Wisconsin Magazine of History|date=March 1933|volume=16|issue=3|pages=235 to 243|url=http://content.wisconsinhistory.org/cdm/ref/collection/wmh/id/8779}}</ref>   
David Henderson Houston (born June 14, 1841; died May 6, 1906),<ref name="bn-dhh"/> originally from Cambria, Wisconsin,  patented the first holders for flexible roll film.<ref name="bn-dhh"/><ref name="mfh1940">[https://books.google.com/books?id=Yk5AAAAAIAAJ]{{cite book|last=Hammer|first=Mina Fisher |title=History of the kodak and its continuations|year=1940|publisher=The House of Little Books|pages=xv}}</ref> Houston moved to [[Hunter,_North_Dakota|Hunter]] in [[Dakota Territory]] in 1880. He was issued an 1881 patent for a roll film holder<ref>[https://patents.google.com/patent/US248179] US patent #248,179 for ''Photographic Apparatus'' is dated October 11, 1881; issued to David H. Houston of Cambria, WI.</ref><ref name="cbeane2008">{{cite book|title=Flower|url=https://archive.org/details/flower0000bean|url-access=registration|year=2008|publisher=Artisan Books|author=Christopher Beane|author2=Anthony F. Janson |page=[https://archive.org/details/flower0000bean/page/12 12]}}</ref> which he licensed to [[George Eastman]] (it was used in Eastman's [[Kodak]] 1888 [[box camera]]). Houston sold the patent (and an 1886 revision<ref>[https://patents.google.com/patent/US355084] 1886 patent #355084</ref>) outright to Eastman for $5000 in 1889.<ref name="bn-dhh"/><ref>Hammer, 1940, p.55.</ref><ref name="mrp2007">{{cite book|last=Peres|first=Michael R.|title=The Focal encyclopedia of photography|year=2007|publisher=Focal Press|pages=78}}</ref> Houston continued developing the camera, creating 21 patents for cameras or camera parts between 1881 and 1902.<ref name="bn-dhh">{{cite web|last=Nemenoff|first=Ben |title=Houston, David Henderson|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029204317/http://www.nd.gov/arts/online_artist_archive/images-pdfs/H/Houston_DavidHenderson.htm | archivedate=29 October 2013 | url=http://www.nd.gov/arts/online_artist_archive/images-pdfs/H/Houston_DavidHenderson.htm|publisher=nd.gov|accessdate=5 September 2010}}</ref><ref>Hammer, 1940, pp.55ff.</ref> In 1912 his estate transferred the remainder of his patents to Eastman.<ref name="bn-dhh"/>

[[File:Rollfilm Ilford FP4 HP5 und Fuji Velvia Astia Provia.jpg|thumb|right|Various brands of sealed 120 [[Negative (photography)|negative]] and [[reversal film|transparency]] roll films]] The most popular roll film format is [[120 film]], which is used in most [[Medium format (film)|medium format]] cameras and roll film magazines for [[Large format (photography)|large-format]] cameras. Until the 1950s, 120 roll film was, with the smaller [[127 film]], also used in the simplest of box cameras and other [[snapshot (photography)|snapshot]] cameras. The use of roll film in consumer cameras was largely superseded by [[135 film|135]] and [[126 film|126]] cartridges, but 120 and 220 (double length) film are still commonly used in medium format cameras.