Editing Richmond Park (section)

==Overview==

===Size===
Richmond Park is the largest of London's Royal Parks.<ref name="TRP">{{cite web | url=https://www.royalparks.org.uk/parks| title=London's Royal Parks | publisher=[[The Royal Parks]] | access-date=4 July 2024}}</ref> It is the second-largest park in London (after the {{cvt|10000|acre}} [[Lee Valley Park]], whose linear shaped area extends beyond the [[M25 motorway|M25]] into [[Hertfordshire]] and [[Essex]]) and is Britain's second-largest urban walled park after [[Sutton Park, West Midlands|Sutton Park]],<ref name= "Hansard">{{cite Hansard |jurisdiction= |title=Royal Parks |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200102/cmhansrd/vo020207/text/20207w18.htm |house=Commons |date=7 February 2002 |column_start=1113W |column_end=1114W}}</ref> [[Birmingham]].
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|+Comparison of areas
!rowspan=2|Name of park!!rowspan=2|City!!colspan=2|Area
|-
!Hectares!!Acres
|-style="background:#DDFFDD;"
|Richmond Park||London||955||2,360<ref name= "Hansard"/>
|-
|[[Bois de Vincennes]]||[[Paris]]||995||2,458<ref name=ParisDigest>{{Cite web |url= https://www.parisdigest.com/paris-gardens/bois-de-vincennes.htm|title= Bois de Vincennes. Chateau. Zoo.| year=2018 |publisher=Paris Digest |access-date=28 November 2018}}</ref>
|-
|[[Bois de Boulogne]]||Paris||846||2,090<ref>{{cite book |author= Dominique Jarrassé |title=Grammaire des jardins Parisiens | publisher=Parigramme |date=2007 |language=fr |isbn=978-2-84096-476-6 |ol=OL21422234M}}</ref>
|-
|[[Casa de Campo]]||[[Madrid]]||1750||4,324<ref>{{cite web|last1=Instituto Geográfico Nacional (Spain)|title=Visor cartográfico Iberpix|url=http://www2.ign.es/iberpix/visoriberpix/visorign.html|access-date=20 July 2014|author1-link=Instituto Geográfico Nacional (Spain)}}</ref>
|-
|[[Central Park]]||[[New York City]]||341||843<ref>{{cite web|title=Frequently Asked Questions|url=http://www.centralpark.com/guide/faq.html |website=CentralPark.com |access-date=30 August 2020|date=8 September 2017}}</ref>
|}

===Status===
Of national and international importance for wildlife conservation, most of Richmond Park ({{convert|856|ha|acre|abbr=off|disp=semicolon}}) is a National Nature Reserve (NNR),<ref name=NNR>{{cite web |url= https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/greater-londons-national-nature-reserves/londons-national-nature-reserves|title= London's National Nature Reserves |publisher= [[Natural England]]|date= 12 November 2021|access-date=12 February 2024}}</ref> a Special Area of Conservation (SAC),<ref name="JNCC">{{cite web | url= https://sac.jncc.gov.uk/site/UK0030246 | title=Richmond Park | publisher=[[Joint Nature Conservation Committee]] | access-date=6 February 2025}}</ref><ref name="Management Plan 16-29">{{cite web | url=https://www.royalparks.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/41767/richmond-park-management-plan.pdf | title=Strategic Framework | publisher=[[The Royal Parks]] | work=Richmond Park Management Plan | date=January 2008 | access-date=2 February 2015 | archive-date=2 February 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202164014/https://www.royalparks.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/41767/richmond-park-management-plan.pdf }}</ref> and a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://magic.defra.gov.uk/MagicMap.aspx?startTopic=Designations&activelayer=sssiIndex&query=HYPERL|publisher= [[Natural England]]|title= Map of Richmond Park SSSI|access-date = 1 June 2023}}</ref><ref name= "SSSI"/> The park, excluding the area of the golf course, Pembroke Lodge Gardens and the Gate Gardens,<ref name="Management Plan 16-29"/> was designated as an SSSI in 1992 and is the largest in London.<ref name="SSSI">{{cite web | url=https://www.frp.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/RICHMOND-PARK-DESIGNATIONS-NNR-SSSI-SAC-and-Listed-Buildings.pdf| title=Richmond Park Designations | publisher=Friends of Richmond Park | date=January 2019 | access-date=31 July 2023}}</ref>  In its citation, [[Natural England]] said: "Richmond Park has been managed as a royal deer park since the seventeenth century, producing a range of habitats of value to wildlife. In particular, Richmond Park is of importance for its diverse deadwood beetle fauna associated with the ancient trees found throughout the parkland. In addition the park supports the most extensive area of dry acid grassland in Greater London."<ref name="SSSI"/>

The park was designated as an SAC in 2005 because it has "a large number of ancient trees with decaying timber. It is at the heart of the south London centre of distribution for [[stag beetle]] ''Lucanus cervus'', and is a site of national importance for the conservation of the fauna of invertebrates associated with the decaying timber of ancient trees".<ref name="JNCC"/>

Since 1987 the park has also been included, at Grade I, on the [[Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in England]], being described in [[Historic England]]'s listing as "A royal deer park with pre C15 origins, imparked by Charles I and improved by subsequent monarchs. A public open space since the mid C19".<ref name="Listed">{{NHLE|num=1000828|desc=Richmond Park|date = 1 October 1987|access-date=24 June 2017}}</ref>

===Geography===
Richmond Park is located in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames. It is close to [[Richmond, London|Richmond]], [[Ham, London|Ham]], [[Petersham, London|Petersham]], [[Kingston upon Thames]], [[Wimbledon, London|Wimbledon]], [[Roehampton]] and [[East Sheen]].<ref name= "Hansard"/>

{{Geographic Location
|title = '''Destinations from Richmond Park'''
|Northwest = [[Richmond, London|Richmond]]
|North     = [[East Sheen]], [[Mortlake]]
|Northeast = [[Roehampton]]
|West      = [[Petersham, London|Petersham]], [[Ham, London|Ham]]
|Centre    = Richmond Park
|East      = [[Wimbledon Common]]
|Southwest = [[Kingston upon Thames]]
|South     = [[Kingston upon Thames]]
|Southeast = [[Coombe, Kingston upon Thames|Coombe]], [[Kingston Vale]]
}}