Editing Redbrick university (section)

==Origins of the term and use==
The term ''red brick'' or ''redbrick'' was coined by [[Edgar Allison Peers]], a professor of Spanish at the [[University of Liverpool]], to describe the civic universities, while using the pseudonym "Bruce Truscot" in his 1943 book ''Redbrick University''.<ref>{{cite book | last = Mackenzie & Allan | title = Redbrick University Revisited | publisher = Liverpool University Press | year = 1996 | isbn = 978-0-85323-259-9 | url-access = registration | url = https://archive.org/details/redbrickuniversi00peer }}</ref> Although Peers used ''red brick'' in the title of the original book, he used ''redbrick'' adjectivally in the text and in the title of the 1945 sequel. He is said to have later regretted his use of ''red brick'' in the title.<ref>{{cite journal|title=The universities' speaking conscience: "Bruce Truscot" and Redbrick University|date=1999|author=Harold Silver|page=173|journal=Journal of the History of Education Society|volume=28|issue=2|doi=10.1080/004676099284726}}</ref> The term red brick for this category of universities is used as a contrast to the older more established universities that were all stone masonry constructions. The use of bricks was seen as a cheaper and less traditional alternative and therefore not as highly regarded, reflected in the general view of these new universities compared to the established ones.

Peers's reference was inspired by the fact that the [[Victoria Building, University of Liverpool|Victoria Building]] at the University of Liverpool (designed by [[Alfred Waterhouse]] and completed in 1892 as the main building for University College, Liverpool) is built from a distinctive red pressed brick, with [[architectural terracotta|terracotta]] decorative dressings.<ref name=feing>{{cite book | last = Feingold | first = Mordechai | title = History of Universities, Vol. XXI/1 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=anGQ4QTBCX0C&q=peers+redbrick&pg=PA152 | publisher = Oxford University Press | year = 2006 | isbn =9780199297382}}</ref> On this basis the [[University of Liverpool]] claims to be the original "red brick" institution, although the titular, fictional ''Redbrick University'' was a cipher for all the civic universities of the day.<ref name=rburv>{{cite book | last = Allison Peers (under the pseudonym 'Bruce Truscot') | first = Edgar | title = Redbrick University | publisher = Faber & Faber Ltd. | year = 1943 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=University of Liverpool | url=http://www.russellgroup.ac.uk/our-universities/3779-university-of-liverpool/ | publisher=Russell Group website | access-date=19 July 2013 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130801202347/http://www.russellgroup.ac.uk/our-universities/3779-university-of-liverpool | archive-date=1 August 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title=University of Liverpool guide| url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/universityeducation/universities-and-colleges/9922325/University-of-Liverpool-guide.html | newspaper=The Daily Telegraph|location=London | access-date=19 July 2013}}</ref>

While the University of Liverpool was an inspiration for the "red brick" university alluded to in Peers' book, receiving university status in 1903, the [[University of Birmingham]] was the first of the civic universities to gain independent university status in 1900 and the university has stated that the popularity of the term "red brick" owes much to its own Chancellor's Court, constructed from [[Accrington brick|Accrington red brick]].<ref>{{cite web|title=University of Birmingham Professorial Announcement |url=http://www.download.bham.ac.uk/vacancies/jd/38224.pdf |access-date=20 June 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140506204937/http://www.download.bham.ac.uk/vacancies/jd/38224.pdf |archive-date=6 May 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title= Complete University Guide, University of Birmingham|url=http://www.thecompleteuniversityguide.co.uk/birmingham |access-date=20 June 2013}}</ref> The University of Birmingham grew from the [[Mason Science College]] (opened two years before University College Liverpool in 1880), an elaborate red brick and terracotta building in central Birmingham which was demolished in 1962.<ref>{{cite book | title= In Churchill's Shadow: Confronting the Past in Modern Britain | publisher= Oxford University Press | url=https://archive.org/details/inchurchillsshad0000cann | url-access= registration | page= [https://archive.org/details/inchurchillsshad0000cann/page/121 121] | access-date=11 July 2013| isbn=9780195171563 | last1=Cannadine | first1=David | date=May 2004 }}</ref>