Editing Quiz bowl (section)

== History ==
Most forms of modern quiz bowl are modeled after [[game show]]s.<ref name="Siegel">{{Cite magazine|url=http://www.slate.com/articles/life/culturebox/2012/05/quiz_bowl_is_it_the_ultimate_test_of_smarts_or_an_overblown_game_of_trivial_pursuit_.single.html|title=The Super Bowl of the Mind|first=Alan|last=Siegel|work=Slate |date=May 3, 2012|access-date=December 13, 2013|archive-date=March 9, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140309100406/http://www.slate.com/articles/life/culturebox/2012/05/quiz_bowl_is_it_the_ultimate_test_of_smarts_or_an_overblown_game_of_trivial_pursuit_.single.html|url-status=live}}</ref> ''[[College Bowl]]'', which was created by Don Reid as a [[USO]] activity for U.S. servicemen during [[World War II]], was an influential early quiz bowl program.<ref>{{cite episode |title=Your Starter for Ten: 50 Years of University Challenge |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01m49vh |series=Archive on 4 |first1=David |last1=Taylor |first2=Colin |last2=McNulty |network=BBC Radio 4 |date=August 2012 |time=4:40 |access-date=2014-08-23 |archive-date=2014-09-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904074905/http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01m49vh |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite interview|title = Robert Earle Interview|last = Earl|first = Robert|url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z06hVsIyJ1k#t=1221|work = TV Legends|date = September 21, 2010|access-date = September 6, 2014|archive-date = September 4, 2015|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150904050709/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z06hVsIyJ1k#t=1221|url-status = live}}</ref> Also known as "The College Quiz Bowl," it started on radio in 1953 and then aired on national television in the U.S. from 1959 to 1970.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/04/04/education/total-recall.html?pagewanted=all|title=Total Recall|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=April 4, 1999|access-date=September 9, 2009|first=Bruce|last=Weber|archive-date=October 15, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141015183219/http://www.nytimes.com/1999/04/04/education/total-recall.html?pagewanted=all|url-status=live}}</ref>

In the first half of the 20th century, many other quiz-bowl-like competitions were also created. [[Delco Hi-Q]] began in 1948 as a radio quiz competition sponsored by the [[Scott Paper Company]] for high school students in [[Delaware County, Pennsylvania]]. It claims to be the oldest continuously running student quiz contest in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.delcohiq.org/|title=Delaware County Hi-Q|access-date=October 2, 2014|archive-date=November 3, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103015603/http://www.delcohiq.org/|url-status=live}}</ref> The ''[[It's Academic]]'' televised [[student quiz show]] program has been run for high school teams in the [[Washington, D.C. metropolitan area|Washington, D.C., metropolitan area]] since 1961 and is recognized by the [[Guinness Book of World Records]] as the longest-running quiz program in television history.<ref name="It's Academic">{{Cite web|url=http://www.itsacademicquizshow.com/history/|title=History of It's Academic|website=It's Academic - The Official Website|access-date=June 10, 2014|archive-date=November 29, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129202034/http://www.itsacademicquizshow.com/history/|url-status=live}}</ref> ''It's Academic'' has been spun off in many other U.S. media markets and has inspired many other televised high school competitions.<ref name="It's Academic" />

In 1977, College Bowl was revived as an activity on college campuses in the U.S. by College Bowl Company Inc. (CBCI).<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.gameshownewsnet.com/blockparty/062408.html|title=Hot Fun in the Summertime... on TV, That Is|publisher=Game Show News Net|date=June 24, 2008|access-date=September 15, 2009|archive-date=November 3, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091103010922/http://www.gameshownewsnet.com/blockparty/062408.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In September 1990, the [[Academic Competition Federation]] (ACF) was founded as the first major alternative to The College Bowl Company.<ref name="brainiac259">{{cite book|last=Jennings|first=Ken|title=Brainiac: Adventures in the Curious, Competitive, Compulsive World of Trivia Buffs|publisher=Villard|year=2006|isbn=978-1-4000-6445-8|url=https://archive.org/details/brainiac00kenj}}, p. 259</ref> [[NAQT|National Academic Quiz Tournaments]] (NAQT) was founded in 1996 and currently organizes national competitions at all levels in the United States and supplies tournament questions for grade school and college teams across North America and other parts of the world.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/lifestyle/articles/2009/02/17/keeping_their_eyes_on_the_bowl/?p1=Well_MostPop_Emailed5|title=Keeping their eyes on the bowl|newspaper=[[The Boston Globe]]|date=February 17, 2009|access-date=September 9, 2009|first=Joseph P.|last=Kahn|archive-date=October 26, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121026115424/http://www.boston.com/lifestyle/articles/2009/02/17/keeping_their_eyes_on_the_bowl/?p1=Well_MostPop_Emailed5|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="brainiac">{{cite book|last=Jennings|first=Ken|title=Brainiac: Adventures in the Curious, Competitive, Compulsive World of Trivia Buffs|publisher=Villard|year=2006|isbn=978-1-4000-6445-8|url=https://archive.org/details/brainiac00kenj}}, p.29-48</ref> In 2008, the College Bowl program abruptly ended in the U.S., although the company itself continues to operate the [[Honda Campus All-Star Challenge]] (HCASC) for [[historically black colleges and universities]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hcasc.com/contactcbc.asp|title=HCASC - Contact Us|access-date=September 6, 2014|archive-date=September 6, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140906223815/http://www.hcasc.com/contactcbc.asp|url-status=live}}</ref>