Editing Quartz (section)

== Etymology ==
The word ''"quartz"'' is derived from the [[German language|German]] word {{Lang|de|Quarz}},<ref name="Merriam">{{cite web | url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/quartz | title=Quartz | work=Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary | access-date=9 January 2024}}</ref> which had the same form in the first half of the 14th century in [[Middle High German]] and in [[East Central German]]<ref>[https://www.dwds.de/wb/Quarz Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201042329/https://www.dwds.de/wb/Quarz |date=1 December 2017 }} (in German)</ref> and which came from the [[Polish language|Polish]] dialect term ''{{Lang|pl|twardy}}'', which corresponds to the [[Czech language|Czech]] term {{Lang|cs|tvrdý}} ("hard").<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/quartz |title=Quartz &#124; Definition of quartz by Lexico |access-date=26 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201043652/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/quartz |archive-date=1 December 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Some sources, however, attribute the word's origin to the [[Upper Saxon German|Saxon]] word ''Querkluftertz'', meaning ''cross-vein ore''.<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20070904052949/http://www.mineralatlas.com/mineral%20general%20descriptions/Q/quartzpcd.htm Mineral Atlas]}}, Queensland University of Technology. Mineralatlas.com. Retrieved 2013-03-07.</ref><ref name="Tomkeieff1942">{{cite journal | title=On the origin of the name 'quartz' | last=Tomkeieff | first=S.I. | journal=Mineralogical Magazine | date=1942 | volume=26 | issue=176 | pages=172–178| doi=10.1180/minmag.1942.026.176.04 | bibcode=1942MinM...26..172T }}</ref>

The [[Ancient Greece|Ancient Greeks]] referred to quartz as {{Lang|grc|κρύσταλλος}} ({{Transliteration|grc|krustallos}}) derived from the [[Ancient Greek]] {{Lang|grc|κρύος}} ({{Transliteration|grc|kruos}}) meaning "icy cold", because some [[philosopher]]s (including [[Theophrastus]]) understood the mineral to be a form of [[Supercooling|supercooled]] ice.<ref name="Tomkieff">{{cite journal | url=http://www.minersoc.org/pages/Archive-MM/Volume_26/26-176-172.pdf | title=On the origin of the name 'quartz' | author=Tomkeieff, S.I. | journal=Mineralogical Magazine | year=1942 | volume=26 | issue=176 | pages=172–178 | doi=10.1180/minmag.1942.026.176.04 | access-date=12 August 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904013105/http://www.minersoc.org/pages/Archive-MM/Volume_26/26-176-172.pdf | archive-date=4 September 2015 | url-status=live | df=dmy-all | bibcode=1942MinM...26..172T }}</ref> Today, the term ''[[Crystal|rock crystal]]'' is sometimes used as an alternative name for transparent coarsely crystalline quartz.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Morgado |first1=Antonio |last2=Lozano |first2=José Antonio |last3=García Sanjuán |first3=Leonardo |last4=Triviño |first4=Miriam Luciañez |last5=Odriozola |first5=Carlos P. |last6=Irisarri |first6=Daniel Lamarca |last7=Flores |first7=Álvaro Fernández |title=The allure of rock crystal in Copper Age southern Iberia: Technical skill and distinguished objects from Valencina de la Concepción (Seville, Spain) |journal=Quaternary International |date=December 2016 |volume=424 |pages=232–249 |doi=10.1016/j.quaint.2015.08.004|bibcode=2016QuInt.424..232M }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Nesse |first1=William D. |title=Introduction to mineralogy |date=2000 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York |isbn=9780195106916 |page=205}}</ref>