Editing Psychedelic trance (section)

==History==
[[File:Voov experience 2005-02.jpg|thumb|VooV Experience 2005 – one of the longest-existing psytrance open-air events]]

===Origins===
{{See also|Goa trance}}
The first [[hippie]]s who arrived in ([[Goa]]), [[India]] (a former Portuguese colony)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-08-29-tr-29087-story.html|title=A Little Bit of Portugal on the West Coast of India: Goa, a former colonial enclave, offers tropical beaches and a harmonious blend of colorful cultures.|website=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=29 August 1993}}</ref> in the mid-1960s were drawn there for many reasons, including the beaches, the low cost of living, the friendly locals, the Indian religious and spiritual practices and the readily available Indian cannabis, which, until the mid-1970s, was legal.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.minimaetmoralia.it/wp/le-vie-dei-festival-per-i-devoti-psytrance/|title=Le vie dei festival per i devoti psytrance – minima&moralia|date=23 September 2016}}</ref> During the 1970s, the first Goa DJs were generally playing [[psychedelic rock]] bands such as the [[Grateful Dead]], [[Pink Floyd]] and [[The Doors]]. In 1979, the beginnings of [[electronic dance music]] could occasionally be heard in Goa in the form of tracks by artists such as [[Kraftwerk]], but it was not until 1983 that DJs Laurent and Fred Disko, closely followed by [[Goa Gil]], began switching the Goa style over to [[electro-industrial]]/[[Electronic Body Music|EBM]] which was now flooding out of Europe from artists such as [[Front 242]] and [[Nitzer Ebb]] as well as [[Eurobeat]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=FreeNRG : notes from the edge of the dance floor|year=2001|publisher=Common Ground Pub.|location=Altona, Victoria, Australia|isbn=978-1-86335-084-6|chapter-url=http://undergrowth.org/system/files/%5Beb06%5D_FreeNRG.pdf|author=Eugene ENRG (aka DJ Krusty)|editor=Graham St John|access-date=28 March 2011|page=166|chapter=Psychic Sonics: Tribadelic Dance Trance-formation – Eugene ENRG (aka DJ Krusty) interviews Ray Castle}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal
| author = Graham St John
| title = DJ Goa Gil: Kalifornian Exile, Dark Yogi and Dreaded Anomaly
| journal = Dancecult: Journal of Electronic Dance Music Culture
| volume = 3
| issue = 1
| pages = 97–128
| url = https://dj.dancecult.net/index.php/dancecult/article/view/318/312
| date = 2001
| access-date = 21 March 2015
| quote = Connecting three generations of music enthusiasts, Goa Gil is an imposing figure in the world of psychedelic trance.
}}</ref>

The tracks were remixed, removing the lyrics, looping the melodies and beats and generally manipulating the sounds in all manner of ways before the tracks were finally presented to the dancers as custom Goa-style mixes.<ref>{{Cite book|title=FreeNRG : notes from the edge of the dance floor|year=2001|publisher=Common Ground Pub.|location=Altona, Victoria, Australia|isbn=978-1-86335-084-6|url=http://undergrowth.org/system/files/%5Beb06%5D_FreeNRG.pdf|author=Eugene ENRG (aka DJ Krusty)|editor=Graham St John|access-date=28 March 2011|pages=167–168|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160320061921/http://www.undergrowth.org/system/files/%5Beb06%5D_FreeNRG.pdf|archive-date=20 March 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>
[[File:Goa01.jpg|thumb|left|An indoor event]]

By 1990–91, Goa was beginning to attract attention and had become a popular destination for partying. As the scene grew bigger, Goa-style parties spread like a diaspora all over the world from 1993. Parties like Pangaea and [[Megatripolis]] in the UK helped spawn a multitude of labels in various countries (U.K., Australia, Japan, Germany and Israel) to promote psychedelic electronic music that reflected the ethos of Goa parties, Goa music, and Goa-specific artists, producers, and DJs.<ref>{{Cite book
| last = Reynolds
| first = Simon
| title = Energy Flash: A Journey Through Rave Music and Dance Culture
| year = 2013
| publisher = Soft Skull Press
| isbn = 9780571289141
| quote = Psy-trance is an 'equal opportunity' genre when it comes to making the music too: there are leading exponents of psychedelic trance operating in Israel, Australia, Sweden, Greece, Denmark.
}}</ref> Goa Trance as commercial scene began gaining global traction in 1994. The golden age of the first wave of Goa psy trance as a generally agreed upon genre{{according to whom|date=May 2022}} was between 1994 and 1997.

===Development===
[[File:Stepanida Borisova at Khan-Altay psytrance festival.JPG|thumb|Performance at a Russian psytrance festival, 2008]]
By 1992, the Goa trance scene had a pulse of its own,{{clarify|this is meaningless|date=January 2021}} though the term "Goa trance" did not become the characterization of the genre until around 1994.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oranjebus.com/home-en/item/psychedelic-trance|title=Oranje bus – Psychedelic Trance|website=www.oranjebus.com}}</ref> The Goa trance sound, which, by the late 1990s, was being used interchangeably with the term psychedelic trance, retained its popularity at outdoor [[rave]]s and festivals,{{citation needed|date=September 2015}} but also permanent psytrance nightclubs emerged such as [[Natraj Temple]] in Munich.<ref name="psytranceclub">{{cite web|title=Country: Germany|url=http://www.mushroom-magazine.com/germany-2013/ | publisher=Mushroom Magazine|date= 1 May 2013|access-date=25 March 2017}}</ref> New artists were appearing from all over the world and it was in this year that the first Goa trance festivals began, including the Gaia Festival in France and the still-running VooV festival in Germany.

In 1993, the first 100% Goa trance album was released, ''Project II Trance'', featuring tracks by [[Martin Freeland|Man With No Name]] and [[Hallucinogen (musician)|Hallucinogen]], to name two. Goa trance enjoyed its commercial peak between 1996 and 1997 with media attention and some recognized names in the DJ scene joining the movement. This hype did not last long and once the attention had died down, so did the music sales, resulting in the failure of record labels, promotion networks and also some artists. This "commercial death of Goa trance" was marked musically by Matsuri Productions in 1997 with the release of the compilation ''Let it RIP''. On the back sleeve of the album at the bottom of the notes, “R.I.P : Mother Theresa, Princess Diana, William Burroughs & Goa Trance” was written.

While the psytrance genre began in the Goa trance scene, it went on to proliferate globally.<ref name="acmp">{{cite book |title=Altering Consciousness: Multidisciplinary Perspectives, Volume 1 |last=Cardeña |first=Etzel |author2=Michael Winkelman  |year=2011 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0313383083 |pages=212–213 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1T7enU4PEwsC}}</ref> Its impact was felt in western Europe, Middle East, North America, Australia, Japan and South Africa.<ref name="acmp"/> Psytrance is linked to other music genres such as [[big beat]], [[electroclash]], [[grime (music)|grime]] and [[2-step garage|2-step]].<ref name="asts">{{cite book |title=Altered State: The Story of Ecstasy Culture and Acid House |last=Collin |first=Matthew  |publisher=Profile Books |isbn=978-1847656414 |page=335 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fc8x9qeCekQC|date=2010}}</ref> The genre evolved in conjunction with the multimedia psychedelic arts scene.<ref name="acmp"/>