Editing Protein Data Bank (section)

==History==
Two forces converged to initiate the PDB: a small but growing collection of sets of protein structure data determined by X-ray diffraction; and the newly available (1968) molecular graphics display, the ''Brookhaven RAster Display'' (BRAD), to visualize these protein structures in 3-D. In 1969, with the sponsorship of Walter Hamilton at the [[Brookhaven National Laboratory]], Edgar Meyer ([[Texas A&M University]]) began to write software to store atomic coordinate files in a common format to make them available for geometric and graphical evaluation. By 1971, one of Meyer's programs, SEARCH, enabled researchers to remotely access information from the database to study protein structures offline.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Meyer EF |year=1997 |title=The first years of the Protein Data Bank |journal=Protein Science |volume=6 |pages=1591–1597 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1002/pro.5560060724 |pmid=9232661 |issue=7 |pmc=2143743}}</ref> SEARCH was instrumental in enabling networking, thus marking the functional beginning of the PDB. 

The Protein Data Bank was announced in October 1971 in [[Nature New Biology]]<ref>{{cite journal |journal= Nature New Biology |year=1971 |title=Protein Data Bank |volume=233 |doi=10.1038/newbio233223b0|doi-access=free }}</ref> as a joint venture between [[Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre]], UK and Brookhaven National Laboratory, US.

Upon Hamilton's death in 1973, Tom Koetzle took over direction of the PDB for the subsequent 20 years. In January 1994, [[Joel Sussman]] of Israel's [[Weizmann Institute of Science]] was appointed head of the PDB. In October 1998,<ref>{{cite journal |date=January 2000 | title = The Protein Data Bank | journal = Nucleic Acids Res. | volume = 28 | issue = 1 | pages = 235–242 | doi = 10.1093/nar/28.1.235 | url= | pmid = 10592235 | pmc = 102472 |vauthors=Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE }}</ref>
the PDB was transferred to the Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics (RCSB);<ref>{{cite web| url= http://home.rcsb.org/ | website= RCSB.org| publisher= Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics| title= Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070205000027/http://home.rcsb.org/ |archive-date=2007-02-05 }}</ref> the transfer was completed in June 1999. The new director was [[Helen M. Berman]] of [[Rutgers University]] (one of the managing institutions of the RCSB, the other being the [[San Diego Supercomputer Center]] at [[UC San Diego]]).<ref>{{cite web |title=RCSB PDB Newsletter Archive |publisher=RCSB Protein Data Bank |url=http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=general_information/news_publications/newsletters/newsletter.html}}</ref> In 2003, with the formation of the wwPDB, the PDB became an international organization. The founding members are PDBe (Europe),<ref name=autogenerated1 /> RCSB (US), and PDBj (Japan).<ref name=autogenerated2 /> The [[Biological Magnetic Resonance Data Bank|BMRB]]<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://www.bmrb.wisc.edu|title= Biological Magnetic Resonance Bank|website= bmrb.wisc.edu}}</ref> joined in 2006. Each of the four members of [[Worldwide Protein Data Bank|wwPDB]] can act as deposition, data processing and distribution centers for PDB data. The data processing refers to the fact that wwPDB staff review and annotate each submitted entry.<ref>{{cite book |vauthors=Curry E, Freitas A, O'Riáin S |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DsMrnk9-4NsC&pg=PA25 |chapter=The Role of Community-Driven Data Curation for Enterprises |title=Linking Enterprise Data |editor=D. Wood |location=Boston |publisher=Springer US |year=2010 |pages=25–47 |isbn=978-1-441-97664-2}}</ref> The data are then automatically checked for plausibility (the source code<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sw-tools.pdb.org/apps/VAL/index.html|title=PDB Validation Suite|website=sw-tools.pdb.org}}</ref> for this validation software has been made available to the public at no charge).