Editing Potsdam (section)

== Geography ==
[[File:Templiner See, Vorderkappe und Hermannswerder 1.jpeg|thumb|left|The Havel flowing through Potsdam with view of Hermannswerder.]]
The area was formed from a series of large [[moraine]]s left after the [[last glacial period]]. Today, only one quarter of the city is built up, the rest remaining as green space.

There are about 20 lakes and rivers in and around Potsdam, such as the [[Havel]], the [[Griebnitzsee]], [[Templiner See]], [[Tiefer See]], [[Jungfernsee]], Teltowkanal, [[Heiliger See]], and [[Sacrower See]]. The highest point is the {{convert|114|m|ft|0|adj=mid|-high}} ''[[Kleiner Ravensberg]]''.

===Subdivisions===
Potsdam is divided into seven historic city ''Stadtteile'' (quarters) and nine new ''Ortsteile'' (suburbs/wards, former separate villages), which joined the city in 2003. The appearance of the city boroughs is quite different. Those in the north and in the centre consist mainly of historical buildings, the south of the city is dominated by larger areas of newer buildings.

The city of Potsdam is divided into 32 ''[[Quarter (urban subdivision)|Stadtteile]]'' (boroughs, both quarters and suburbs/wards together),<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.potsdam.de/cms/beitrag/10088596/513412/ |title=Stadtteilkatalog der Landeshauptstadt Potsdam |access-date=2016-12-28 |language=de |archive-date=2016-03-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160323080412/http://www.potsdam.de/cms/beitrag/10088596/513412 |url-status=dead }}</ref> which are divided further into 84 statistical ''Bezirke'' (districts).

Today, one distinguishes between the older parts of the city (areas of the historic city and places suburbanized at the latest in 1939) – these are the city center, the western and northern suburbs, Bornim, Bornstedt, Nedlitz, Potsdam South, Babelsberg, Drewitz, Stern and Kirchsteigfeld – and those communities incorporated after 1990 which have since 2003 become ''Ortsteile'' – these are Eiche, Fahrland, Golm, Groß Glienicke, Grube, Marquardt, Neu Fahrland, Satzkorn and Uetz-Paaren.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.potsdam.de/kategorie/stadtteile |title=Stadtteile |publisher=Landeshauptstadt Potsdam |access-date=2016-12-31 |language=de}}</ref> The new ''Ortsteile'' are located mainly in the north of the city. For the history of all incorporations, see the relevant section on incorporation and spin-offs.

''Structure with statistical numbering:''<ref name="StiB2019">{{cite web |url=https://www.potsdam.de/sites/default/files/documents/stadtteileimblick2019.pdf#page=4 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514044905/https://www.potsdam.de/sites/default/files/documents/stadtteileimblick2019.pdf |archive-date=2021-05-14 |url-status=live |title=Landeshauptstadt Potsdam, Stadtteile im Blick 2019 |format=PDF, 12.3 MB |date=2020-10-15 |access-date=2022-02-22 |language=de |pages=4}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.potsdam.de/sites/default/files/documents/Potsdam%20Stadtteile%20im%20Blick%202010.pdf#page=5 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161228232404/http://www.potsdam.de/sites/default/files/documents/Potsdam%20Stadtteile%20im%20Blick%202010.pdf |archive-date=2016-12-28 |url-status=live |title=Landeshauptstadt Potsdam, Stadtteile im Blick 2010 |format=PDF, 5.4 MB |date=2011-06-30 |access-date=2016-12-28 |language=de |pages=5}} ''Note: Reports from later years omit mention of borough designations with single-digit numbers.''</ref>
[[File:Potsdam subdivisions.svg|thumb|''Stadtteile'' (boroughs) of Potsdam]]
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* '''1 Potsdam Nord'''
** 11 [[Bornim]]
** 12 [[Nedlitz (Potsdam)|Nedlitz]]
** 13 [[Bornstedt (Potsdam)|Bornstedt]]
** 14 [[Sacrow (Potsdam)|Sacrow]]
** 15 [[Eiche (Potsdam)|Eiche]]
** 16 Grube
** 17 [[Golm (Potsdam)|Golm]]
* '''2 [[Nördliche Vorstädte von Potsdam|Nördliche Vorstädte]]'''
** 21 Nauener Vorstadt
** 22 Jägervorstadt
** 23 Berliner Vorstadt
* '''3 [[Westliche Vorstädte von Potsdam|Westliche Vorstädte]]'''
** 31 Brandenburger Vorstadt
** 32 Potsdam West
* '''4 Innenstadt'''
** 41 Historische Innenstadt<!--
** 42 Südliche Innenstadt --><!-- divided, number repealed -->
** 43 Zentrum Ost und Nuthepark
** 44 Hauptbahnhof und Brauhausberg Nord
* '''5 [[Babelsberg]]'''
** 51 [[Klein Glienicke]]
** 52 Babelsberg Nord
** 53 Babelsberg Süd
* '''6 [[Potsdam-Süd|Potsdam Süd]]'''
** 61 Templiner Vorstadt
** 62 Teltower Vorstadt
** 63 Schlaatz
** 64 Waldstadt I und Industriegelände
** 65 Waldstadt II
* '''7 Potsdam Südost'''
** 71 Stern
** 72 [[Drewitz (Potsdam)|Drewitz]]
** 73 Kirchsteigfeld
* '''8 Nördliche Ortsteile'''
** 81 [[Uetz-Paaren]]
** 82 [[Marquardt (Potsdam)|Marquardt]]
** 83 [[Satzkorn]]
** 84 [[Fahrland]]
** 85 [[Neu Fahrland]]
** 86 [[Groß Glienicke]]
{{div col end}}

At the end of 2019, a change was made to the administrative structure:<ref name="StiB2019" />
* Borough 41 has been renamed: previously ''Nördliche Innenstadt'', now ''Historische Innenstadt''.
* Borough 42 ''(Südliche Innenstadt)'' has been divided into two boroughs, 43 ''(Zentrum Ost und Nuthepark)'' and 44 ''(Hauptbahnhof und Brauhausberg Nord)''. The number 42 was thus repealed.
* Some very sparsely populated urban boroughs have been disbanded:
** Borough 33 ''(Wildpark)'' was incorporated into borough 32 ''(Potsdam-West)''.
** Borough 66 ''(Industriegelände)'' was incorporated into borough 64 (formerly ''Waldstadt I''). The borough was then renamed ''Waldstadt I und Industriegelände''.
** Borough 67 ''(Forst Potsdam Süd)'' was incorporated into borough 61 ''(Templiner Vorstadt)''.

=== Climate ===
Officially the climate is [[Oceanic climate|oceanic]] - more degraded by being far from the coast and to the east ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''Cfb''),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.climate-data.org/europe/germany/brandenburg/potsdam-6406/|title=Potsdam climate: Average Temperature, weather by month, Potsdam weather averages - Climate-Data.org|website=en.climate-data.org|access-date=2019-01-30}}</ref> but using the 1961–1990 normal and the 0&nbsp;°C isotherm the city has a [[humid continental climate]] (''Dfb''), which also shows a slight influence of the continent different from the climates predominantly influenced by the [[Atlantic Ocean]]. Low averages below freezing for almost all winter causing snows that are frequent and winters are cold, but not as stringent as inland locations or with greater influence from the same. Summer is also relatively warm with temperatures between 23 and 24&nbsp;°C, the heat waves being influenced by the [[Urban heat island|UHI]] of Potsdam.<ref name = NOAA>
{{cite web
|url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_VI/DL/10379.TXT
|title = Potsdam Climate Normals 1961–1990
|publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]
|access-date = December 8, 2015}}</ref>

The average winter high temperature is {{convert|4.0|°C}}, with a low of {{convert|-1.3|°C}}. Snow is common in the winter. Spring and autumn are short. Summers are mild, with a high of {{convert|24.3|°C}} and a low of {{convert|13.5|°C}}.<ref name=WMO/>

The Potsdam weather station has recorded the following extreme values:<ref name=sklima/>
* Its highest temperature was {{convert|38.9|C|F}} on [[2022 European heatwaves#July heatwave 2|20 July 2022]].
* Its lowest temperature was {{convert|-26.8|C|F}} on 11 February 1929.
* Its greatest annual precipitation was {{convert|798.3|mm|in|abbr=on}} in 2007.
* Its least annual precipitation was {{convert|345.8|mm|in|abbr=on}} in 2018.
* The longest annual sunshine was 2,246.7 hours in 2018.
* The shortest annual sunshine was 1,355.3 hours in 1903.

{{Weather box
|location= Potsdam (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1893–present)
|metric first=yes
|single line=yes
|Jan record high C = 15.6
|Feb record high C = 19.9
|Mar record high C = 25.7
|Apr record high C = 31.8
|May record high C = 34.0
|Jun record high C = 38.4
|Jul record high C = 38.9
|Aug record high C = 38.6
|Sep record high C = 35.0
|Oct record high C = 27.8
|Nov record high C = 21.5
|Dec record high C = 17.3
|Jan avg record high C = 10.5
|Feb avg record high C = 12.4
|Mar avg record high C = 18.2
|Apr avg record high C = 24.9
|May avg record high C = 29.1
|Jun avg record high C = 32.1
|Jul avg record high C = 33.1
|Aug avg record high C = 33.0
|Sep avg record high C = 27.0
|Oct avg record high C = 21.3
|Nov avg record high C = 14.6
|Dec avg record high C = 10.9
|year avg record high C = 35.2
|Jan high C = 3.2
|Feb high C = 4.9
|Mar high C = 9.2
|Apr high C = 15.7
|May high C = 20.0
|Jun high C = 23.0
|Jul high C = 25.1
|Aug high C = 24.9
|Sep high C = 19.9
|Oct high C = 13.7
|Nov high C = 7.6
|Dec high C = 3.9
|year high C = 14.3
|Jan mean C = 0.7
|Feb mean C = 1.6
|Mar mean C = 4.7
|Apr mean C = 9.9
|May mean C = 14.2
|Jun mean C = 17.4
|Jul mean C = 19.4
|Aug mean C = 18.9
|Sep mean C = 14.6
|Oct mean C = 9.6
|Nov mean C = 4.8
|Dec mean C = 1.7
|year mean C = 9.8
|Jan low C = -1.9
|Feb low C = -1.4
|Mar low C = 0.9
|Apr low C = 4.7
|May low C = 8.8
|Jun low C = 12.1
|Jul low C = 14.4
|Aug low C = 14.1
|Sep low C = 10.4
|Oct low C = 6.2
|Nov low C = 2.2
|Dec low C = -0.7
|year low C = 5.8
|Jan avg record low C = -11.0
|Feb avg record low C = -8.6
|Mar avg record low C = -4.7
|Apr avg record low C = -1.5
|May avg record low C = 2.9
|Jun avg record low C = 7.3
|Jul avg record low C = 9.8
|Aug avg record low C = 9.4
|Sep avg record low C = 5.5
|Oct avg record low C = 0.0
|Nov avg record low C = -4.0
|Dec avg record low C = -8.4
|year avg record low C = -13.0
|Jan record low C = -25.7
|Feb record low C = -26.8
|Mar record low C = -17.3
|Apr record low C = -7.3
|May record low C = -3.6
|Jun record low C = 1.9
|Jul record low C = 5.8
|Aug record low C = 5.4
|Sep record low C = 0.1
|Oct record low C = -9.0
|Nov record low C = -16.6
|Dec record low C = -24.5
|precipitation colour = green	
|Jan precipitation mm = 45.3
|Feb precipitation mm = 36.1
|Mar precipitation mm = 39.3
|Apr precipitation mm = 29.2
|May precipitation mm = 53.3
|Jun precipitation mm = 60.8
|Jul precipitation mm = 76.2
|Aug precipitation mm = 59.2
|Sep precipitation mm = 47.1
|Oct precipitation mm = 42.8
|Nov precipitation mm = 42.3
|Dec precipitation mm = 46.1
|year precipitation mm = 577.6
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 16.8
|Feb precipitation days = 14.7
|Mar precipitation days = 14.9
|Apr precipitation days = 11.5
|May precipitation days = 12.8
|Jun precipitation days = 12.8
|Jul precipitation days = 14.0
|Aug precipitation days = 13.0
|Sep precipitation days = 12.2
|Oct precipitation days = 13.8
|Nov precipitation days = 15.4
|Dec precipitation days = 17.1
|year precipitation days = 168.9
|Jan snow depth cm = 8.6
|Feb snow depth cm = 8.6
|Mar snow depth cm = 3.6
|Apr snow depth cm = 0.5
|May snow depth cm = 0
|Jun snow depth cm = 0
|Jul snow depth cm = 0
|Aug snow depth cm = 0
|Sep snow depth cm = 0
|Oct snow depth cm = trace
|Nov snow depth cm = 2.1
|Dec snow depth cm = 7.1
|year snow depth cm = 13.1
|unit snow days = 1.0 cm
|Jan snow days = 11.2
|Feb snow days = 9.4
|Mar snow days = 3.6
|Apr snow days = 0.4
|May snow days = 0
|Jun snow days = 0
|Jul snow days = 0
|Aug snow days = 0
|Sep snow days = 0
|Oct snow days = 0
|Nov snow days = 1.9
|Dec snow days = 5.9
|year snow days = 32.1
|Jan sun = 55.6
|Feb sun = 79.1
|Mar sun = 128.9
|Apr sun = 198.2
|May sun = 233.4
|Jun sun = 236.9
|Jul sun = 244.8
|Aug sun = 229.2
|Sep sun = 172.9
|Oct sun = 121.7
|Nov sun = 60.3
|Dec sun = 46.5
|year sun = 1807.6
|humidity colour = green
|Jan humidity = 87.6
|Feb humidity = 82.6
|Mar humidity = 76.5
|Apr humidity = 66.8
|May humidity = 68.5
|Jun humidity = 69.1
|Jul humidity = 70.0
|Aug humidity = 71.3
|Sep humidity = 78.3
|Oct humidity = 85.4
|Nov humidity = 89.8
|Dec humidity = 89.5
|source 1 = [[World Meteorological Organization]]<ref name=WMO>{{cite web
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231012170610/https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Germany/CSV/Potsdam_10379.csv
|archive-date = 12 October 2023
|url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Germany/CSV/Potsdam_10379.csv
|title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020
|work = World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020)
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|access-date = 12 October 2023}}</ref>
|source 2 = [[Deutscher Wetterdienst]] / SKlima.de<ref name=sklima>{{cite web 
|url = http://sklima.de/datenbank_auswertung.php?tab=2
|title = Monatsauswertung 
|website = sklima.de 
|publisher = SKlima 
|language = de 
|access-date = 18 October 2024}}</ref>}}