Editing Port Ludlow, Washington (section)

==History==
[[Image:Port Ludlow sawmill - 1900.jpg|thumb|250 px|Sawmill at Port Ludlow, 1900. [[Tall ship]]s are docked to load timber.]]
The [[United States Exploring Expedition]], under [[Charles Wilkes]], entered Puget Sound in 1841. Wilkes bestowed many patriotically American place names; at the time the sovereignty of the [[Oregon Country]] was yet to be resolved between Britain and the United States. Many of Wilkes's names commemorated American heroes and victories during the [[War of 1812]]. Port Ludlow was one of these, honoring [[Augustus Ludlow]], a War of 1812 American naval hero.<ref>{{cite book |last= Brokenshire |first= Doug |title= Washington State Place Names: From Alki to Yelm |year= 1993 |publisher= Caxton Press |isbn= 978-0-87004-356-7 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=7XI52I8zI_AC&pg=PA169 |page= 169}}</ref>

Early explorers of the [[Pacific Northwest]] often named sheltered inlets with names beginning with "Port". Communities that subsequently developed often adopted their inlet's name. Today Port Ludlow is both the name of the inlet<ref name=gnis-bay>{{GNIS|1507569|Port Ludlow}}</ref> and the community on its shore.<ref name=ppl>{{GNIS|1512578|Port Ludlow}}</ref> To avoid confusion the inlet is sometimes called Port Ludlow Bay.

The first shipments of timber from the Puget Sound to [[San Francisco]] in 1851 stimulated interest in the business potential of building sawmills on Puget Sound. John R. Thorndike and W. P. Sayward sailed to Puget Sound in 1852 and found the environs of Port Ludlow promising. Thorndike filed a timber claim of {{convert|318|acre|km2}}, and they started building a mill there. The initial mill housed two sash saws capable of producing {{convert|3000|ft|m}} of lumber daily. The trees along the banks of the bay were logged first, and then oxen and horses were used to bring more distant logs to the mill. The mill was leased in 1858 to the Amos & Phinney Company, of which A. Phinney became the resident manager.

The [[1860 United States census|U.S. Federal Census of 1860]] designated Port Ludlow as one of the three enumeration districts in [[Jefferson County, Washington|Jefferson County, Washington Territory]]. The census tally portrays the make-up of a young logging and sawmill community: Of the 124 people counted, 117 (94%) were adults between the ages of 20 and 50, and the remaining 7 were children. Of the adult population 112 (96%) were men and only 5 women, of which 3 were residing with husbands. 53 (47%) of the men were listed as lumbermen and 14 (13%) as sawyers. Of the total population, 94 (76%) were born in the United States, and of those all were born in the eastern half of the nation but two &mdash; a two-year-old born in California and a one-year-old born in Washington Territory. Of the 30 (24%) who were foreign-born, 8 were born in England, 8 in [[Ireland]], 6 in [[Canada]], 4 in Germany, 2 in [[Norway]], and one each in [[Australia]] and [[Denmark]].<ref>United States Federal Census of 1860,  ''Heritage Quest Online'', ProQuest Online Databases</ref> The [[Native Americans in the United States|indigenous peoples]] were not counted in the 1860 census.