Editing Porsche (section)

== History ==

=== Origin ===
[[Ferdinand Porsche]] (1875–1951) founded the company called "Dr. Ing. h. c. F. Porsche [[GmbH]]"<ref name=Auto>{{cite web|author=J. P. Vettraino|title=Porsche at 60: The little sports-car company that could|url=http://www.autoweek.com/article/20081222/FREE/812229989|work=[[Autoweek]]|date=23 December 2008|access-date=30 January 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090206230009/http://www.autoweek.com/article/20081222/FREE/812229989|archive-date=6 February 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref> with [[Adolf Rosenberger]]<ref>Automobile Quarterly, Volume 18, Issue 4, Automobile Quarterly, 1980</ref> and [[Anton Piëch]] in 1931.<ref>{{cite web |last=Klawitter |first=Nils |title=The Dark Pre-History of the World's Favorite Sports Car |url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/porsche-s-past-the-dark-pre-history-of-the-world-s-favorite-sports-car-a-652371.html |publisher=[[Der Spiegel]] |date=1 October 2009}}</ref> The name is short for Ferdinand Porsche's full title in German, ''[[Doktoringenieur|Doktor-Ingenieur]] [[honorary degree|honoris causa]]'' ({{literal translation|Doctor of Engineering, Honorary Degree}}).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Girl |first=Pepper |date=2011 |title=Just what do all the initials in Porsche's Corporate Names Mean Anyway? |url=https://flatsixes.com/porsche-culture/porsche-factoids/porsche-corporate-acronyms/ |access-date=28 November 2023 |website=Flatsixes}}</ref> The main offices was at Kronenstraße 24 in the centre of [[Stuttgart]].<ref name=Historie>{{cite web |title=Historie - Porsche Engineering |url=https://www.porscheengineering.com/peg/de/about/history/ |publisher=Porsche Engineering |access-date=23 February 2016 |archive-date=17 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917105324/https://www.porscheengineering.com/peg/de/about/history/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Initially, the company offered motor vehicle development work and consulting,<ref name=Auto/> but did not build any cars under its own name. One of the first assignments the new company received was from the German government to design a car for the people; that is, a ''[[Volk]]<nowiki/>swagen''.<ref name=Auto/> This resulted in the [[Volkswagen Beetle]], one of the most successful car designs of all time.<ref name=":3">{{cite web|url=http://www.automotivehalloffame.org/honors/index.php?cmd=view&id=4&type=inductees|title=Béla Barényi (1907–1997)|work=[[Automotive Hall of Fame]]|access-date=25 March 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091101143217/http://www.automotivehalloffame.org/honors/index.php?cmd=view&id=4&type=inductees|archive-date=1 November 2009}}</ref> Later, the [[Porsche 64]] would be developed in 1939 using many components from the Beetle.<ref name=Auto/>

[[File:Tiger (P).svg|thumb|right|Porsche's tank prototype, the "Porsche Tiger", that lost to [[Henschel & Son]]'s [[Tiger I]]]]
[[File:Elefant USAOM-01.jpg|thumb|right|''[[Elefant|Panzerjäger Elefant]]'' – after the loss of the contract to the Tiger I, Porsche recycled his design into a [[tank destroyer]].]]

During [[World War II]],<ref name=Beetle>{{cite book |last=Burt |first=William |title=Volkswagen Beetle |publisher=MotorBooks/MBI Publishing Company |year=2002 |page=14 |isbn=978-0-7603-1078-6}}</ref> [[Volkswagen]] production turned to the military version of the Volkswagen Beetle, the [[Volkswagen Kübelwagen|Kübelwagen]],<ref name=Beetle/> 52,000 produced, and [[Schwimmwagen]],<ref name=Beetle/> 15,584 produced.<ref>See [[Volkswagen Schwimmwagen#Development]].</ref> Porsche produced several designs for [[heavy tank]]s during the war, losing out to [[Henschel & Son]] in both contracts that ultimately led to the [[Tiger I]] and the [[Tiger II]]. However, not all this work was wasted, as the chassis Porsche designed for the Tiger I was used as the base for the [[Elefant]] [[tank destroyer]]. Porsche also developed the [[Panzer VIII Maus|Maus]] [[super-heavy tank]] in the closing stages of the war, producing two prototypes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.achtungpanzer.com/panzerkampfwagen-viii-maus-porsche-typ-205-tiger-iip.htm|title=Panzerkampfwagen VIII Maus Porsche Typ 205 / Tiger II(P)|access-date=4 May 2011|work=Achtung Panzer|archive-date=16 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180316103737/http://www.achtungpanzer.com/panzerkampfwagen-viii-maus-porsche-typ-205-tiger-iip.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ferdinand Porsche's biographer, Fabian Müller, wrote that Porsche had thousands of people forcibly brought to work at their factories during the war. The workers wore the letter "P" on their clothing at all times. It stood not for "Porsche", but for "Poland".<ref>{{cite web|last=Klawitter|first=Nils|date=1 October 2009|title=Porsche's Past: The Dark Pre-History of the World's Favorite Sports Car|url=https://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/porsche-s-past-the-dark-pre-history-of-the-world-s-favorite-sports-car-a-652371.html|website=www.spiegel.de}}</ref>

At the end of World War II in 1945, the [[list of Volkswagen Group factories|Volkswagen factory]] at [[KdF-Stadt]] fell to the British. Ferdinand lost his position as chairman of the board of management of Volkswagen, and [[Ivan Hirst]], a British Army major, was put in charge of the factory.{{efn|In Wolfsburg, the Volkswagen company magazine dubbed him "The British Major who saved Volkswagen".<ref>{{cite book|last=Mantle|first=Jonathan|title=Car wars: fifty years of greed, treachery, and skulduggery in the global marketplace|publisher=[[Arcade Publishing]]|year=1996|page=216|isbn=978-1-55970-333-8}}</ref>}} On 15 December of that year, Ferdinand was arrested for war crimes, but not tried. During his 20-month imprisonment, Ferdinand Porsche's son, [[Ferdinand Anton Ernst Porsche|Ferry Porsche]], decided to build his own car, because he could not find an existing one that he wanted to buy. He also had to steer the company through some of its most difficult days until his father's release in August 1947.<ref name="Gmünd">{{cite book|last=Meredith|first=Laurence|author2=Mark Hughes|title=Original Porsche 356|publisher=MotorBooks/MBI Publishing Company|year=1995|page=7|isbn=978-1-870979-58-0}}</ref>

The first models of what was to become the [[Porsche 356|356]] were built in a small sawmill in [[Gmünd, Carinthia|Gmünd]], Austria.<ref name="Gmünd"/> The prototype car was shown to German auto dealers, and when pre-orders reached a set threshold, production (with aluminum body) was begun by [[Porsche Salzburg|Porsche Konstruktionen GesmbH]], founded by Ferry and [[Louise Piëch|Louise]]. Many regard the 356 as the first Porsche simply because it was the first model ''sold'' by the fledgling company. After production of the 356 was taken over by the father's Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche GmbH in Stuttgart in 1950, Porsche commissioned a [[Zuffenhausen]]-based company, Reutter Karosserie, which had previously collaborated with the firm on Volkswagen Beetle prototypes, to produce the 356's steel body. In 1952, Porsche constructed an assembly plant (Werk 2) across the street from Reutter Karosserie; the main road in front of Werk 1, the oldest Porsche building, is now known as Porschestraße.<ref>{{cite book|author=John Lamm|title=Porsche Boxster|publisher=MotorBooks International|url=https://archive.org/details/porscheboxster00lamm|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/porscheboxster00lamm/page/100 100]|year=1998|isbn=978-0-7603-0519-5}}</ref> The 356 was road-certified in 1948.

=== Company logo ===
<gallery mode="nolines" widths="80px">
Wappen Volksstaat Württemberg (Farbe).svg|[[Coat of arms]] of [[Free People's State of Württemberg|Württemberg]] during the [[Weimar Republic|Weimar-era]]
DEU Stuttgart COA.svg|[[Stuttgart#Name and coat of arms|Coat of arms of Stuttgart]]
</gallery>
Porsche's company logo stems from the [[Coat of arms of Württemberg|coat of arms of the Free People's State of Württemberg]] of [[Weimar Germany]] of 1918–1933, which had [[Stuttgart]] as its capital. (The [[Bundesland (Germany)|Bundesland]] of [[Württemberg-Hohenzollern]] used the same arms from 1945 to 1952, while Stuttgart during these years operated as the capital of adjacent [[Württemberg-Baden]].) The arms of Stuttgart appear in the middle of the logo as an [[inescutcheon]], for the company had its headquarters in Stuttgart. The heraldic symbols, combined with the texts "Porsche" and "Stuttgart", do not form a conventional [[coat of arms]], since [[Achievement (heraldry)|heraldic achievement]]s never spell out the name of the [[armiger]] nor the armiger's home town in the shield.

Württemberg-Baden and Württemberg-Hohenzollern both in 1952 became part of the present Bundesland of [[Baden-Württemberg]] after the political consolidation of [[West Germany]] in 1949, but the old design of the arms of Württemberg lives on in the Porsche logo. On 30 January 1951, not long before the formation of Baden-Württemberg, Ferdinand Porsche died from complications following a stroke.

=== Developments ===
[[File:1953-porsche-archives.jpg|thumb|1952 Porsche 356 K/9-1 prototype]]

In post-war Germany, parts were generally in short supply, so the 356 automobile used components from the Volkswagen Beetle, including the engine case from its [[internal combustion engine]], [[transmission (mechanics)|transmission]], and several parts used in the [[suspension (vehicle)|suspension]]. The 356, however, had several evolutionary stages, A, B, and C, while in production, and most Volkswagen-sourced parts were replaced by Porsche-made parts. Beginning in 1954 the 356s engines started utilizing engine cases designed specifically for the 356. The sleek bodywork was designed by [[Erwin Komenda]], who also had designed the body of the Beetle. Porsche's signature designs have, from the beginning, featured air-cooled rear-engine configurations (like the Beetle), rare for other car manufacturers, but producing automobiles that are very well balanced.

In 1964, after a fair amount of success in [[auto racing|motor-racing]] with various models including the [[Porsche 550|550 Spyder]], and with the 356 needing a major re-design, the company launched the [[Porsche 911]]: another [[air-cooled engine|air-cooled]], [[rear-engine design|rear-engined]] sports car, this time with a six-cylinder [[flat engine|"boxer" engine]]. The team to lay out the body shell design was led by Ferry Porsche's eldest son, [[Ferdinand Alexander Porsche]] (F. A.). The design phase for the 911 caused internal problems with Erwin Komenda, who led the body design department until then. F. A. Porsche complained Komenda made unauthorized changes to the design. Company leader Ferry Porsche took his son's drawings to neighbouring chassis manufacturer Reuter. Reuter's workshop was later acquired by Porsche (so-called Werk 2). Afterward, Reuter became a seat manufacturer, today known as [[Recaro|Keiper-Recaro]].
[[File:Porsche 912 Coupe in the Porsche-Museum (2009) IMG 2730.jpg|thumb|The [[Porsche 912]], from the 1960s]]
The design office gave sequential numbers to every project (See [[Porsche type numbers]]), but the designated 901 nomenclature contravened [[Peugeot]]'s trademarks on all 'x0x' names, so it was adjusted to 911. Racing models adhered to the "correct" numbering sequence: 904, 906, 908. The 911 has become Porsche's most well-known model – successful on the race-track, in [[rallying|rallies]], and in terms of road car sales. It remains in production; however, after several generations of revision, current-model 911s share only the basic mechanical configuration of a rear-engined, six-cylinder [[coupé]], and basic styling cues with the original car. A cost-reduced model with the same body, but with a 356-derived four-cylinder engine, was sold as the 912.

In 1972, the company's legal form was changed from ''[[Kommanditgesellschaft]]'' (KG), or limited partnership, to ''[[Aktiengesellschaft]]'' (AG), or public limited company, because Ferry Porsche came to believe the scale of the company outgrew a "family operation", after learning about [[Soichiro Honda]]'s "no family members in the company" policy at [[Honda]]. This led to the establishment of an executive board with members from outside the Porsche family, and a supervisory board consisting largely of family members. With this change, most family members in the operation of the company, including F. A. Porsche and Ferdinand Piëch, departed from the company.

F. A. Porsche founded his own design company, [[Porsche Design]], which is renowned for exclusive sunglasses, watches, furniture, and many other luxury articles. Louise's son and Ferry's nephew [[Ferdinand Piëch]], who was responsible for mechanical development of Porsche's production and racing cars (including the very successful [[Porsche 911|911]], [[Porsche 908|908]] and [[Porsche 917|917]] models), formed his own engineering bureau, and developed a [[straight-five engine|five-cylinder-inline]] [[diesel engine]] for [[Mercedes-Benz]]. A short time later he moved to [[Audi]] (used to be a division, then a subsidiary, of Volkswagen), and pursued his career through the entire company, ultimately becoming the chairman of [[Volkswagen Group]].

The first chief executive officer (CEO) of Porsche AG was [[Ernst Fuhrmann]], who had been working in the company's engine development division. Fuhrmann was responsible for the so-called Fuhrmann-engine, used in the 356 Carrera models as well as the 550 Spyder, having [[Double overhead camshaft|four overhead camshafts]] instead of a central camshaft with pushrods, as in the Volkswagen-derived serial engines. He planned to cease the 911 during the 1970s and replace it with the [[V8 engine|V8]]-[[Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout|front engined]] grand sportswagon [[Porsche 928|928]]. As we know today, the 911 outlived the 928 by far. Fuhrmann was replaced in the early 1980s by [[Peter W. Schutz]], an American manager and self-proclaimed 911 aficionado. He was then replaced in 1988 by the former manager of German computer company [[Nixdorf Computer|Nixdorf Computer AG]], [[Arno Bohn]], who made some costly miscalculations that led to his dismissal soon after, along with that of the development director, [[Ulrich Bez]], who was formerly responsible for BMW's [[BMW Z1|Z1]] model, and was CEO of [[Aston Martin]] from 2000 to 2013.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.motorauthority.com/news/1083889_aston-martin-ceo-ulrich-bez-to-step-down-report|title=Aston Martin CEO Ulrich Bez To Step Down: Report|work=Motor Authority|access-date=9 April 2017|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170410050853/http://www.motorauthority.com/news/1083889_aston-martin-ceo-ulrich-bez-to-step-down-report|archive-date=10 April 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[File:Classic Moto Show 2014 (115).JPG|thumb|Porsche 911 ([[Porsche 964|964]]), introduced in 1989, was the first to be offered with Porsche's [[Tiptronic]] transmission and four-wheel drive.]]
In 1990, Porsche drew up a memorandum of understanding with [[Toyota]] to learn and benefit from Japanese [[lean manufacturing]] methods. In 2004 it was reported that Toyota was assisting Porsche with [[hybrid electric vehicle|hybrid technology]].<ref>{{cite web |author=Nexteer Automotive Poland president Rafal Wyszomirski |url=http://www.just-auto.com/news/porsche-asks-for-toyota-hybrid-technology_id71109.aspx |title=Just auto 23 November 2004 |publisher=Just-auto.com |access-date=1 August 2011 |archive-date=27 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927153453/http://www.just-auto.com/news/porsche-asks-for-toyota-hybrid-technology_id71109.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Following the dismissal of Bohn, [[Heinz Branitzki]], a longtime Porsche employee, was appointed as interim CEO. Branitzki served in that position until [[Wendelin Wiedeking]] became CEO in 1993. Wiedeking took over the chairmanship of the board at a time when Porsche appeared vulnerable to a takeover by a larger company. During his long tenure, Wiedeking transformed Porsche into a very efficient and profitable company.

Ferdinand Porsche's nephew, Ferdinand Piëch, was chairman and CEO of the [[Volkswagen Group]] from 1993 to 2002 and is chairman of the Volkswagen AG Supervisory Board since then. With 12.8 percent of the Porsche SE voting shares, he also remains the second-largest individual shareholder of Porsche SE after his cousin, F. A. Porsche, which had 13.6 percent.

Porsche's 2002 introduction of the Cayenne also marked the unveiling of a new production facility in [[Leipzig]], [[Free State of Saxony|Saxony]], which once accounted for nearly half of Porsche's annual output. In 2004, production of the {{convert|456|kW|PS bhp|0|lk=on}} [[Porsche Carrera GT|Carrera GT]] commenced in Leipzig, and at EUR 450,000 ($440,000 in the United States) it was the most expensive production model Porsche ever built.

[[File:Toulousaine de l'automobile - 7425 - Porsche 911 Carrera (2011).jpg|thumb|left|Porsche 911 (991)]]
In mid-2006, after years of the Boxster (and later the Cayenne) as the best selling Porsche in North America, the 911 regained its position as Porsche's best-seller in the region. The Cayenne and 911 have cycled as the top-selling model since. In Germany, the 911 outsells the Boxster/Cayman and Cayenne.<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://www.porsche.com/usa/aboutporsche/pressreleases/pag/archive2006/quarter3/|title=Porsche USA press release|date=11 September 2006}}</ref>

In May 2011, Porsche Cars North America announced plans to spend $80–$100 million, but will receive about $15 million in economic incentives to move their North American headquarters from [[Sandy Springs]], a suburb of [[Atlanta]], to [[Aerotropolis Atlanta]], a new mixed-use development on the site of the old [[Atlanta Assembly|Ford Hapeville plant]] adjacent to [[Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport]].<ref>{{cite news|author=Urvaksh Karkaria |url=http://www.bizjournals.com/atlanta/blog/atlantech/2011/05/porsche-gets-3m-in-incentives.html |title="Porsche HQ relo draws $15M in incentives", Atlanta Business Chronicle, 2011-05-12 |publisher=Bizjournals.com |date= 12 May 2011|access-date=1 August 2011}}</ref> Designed by architectural firm [[Hellmuth, Obata and Kassabaum|HOK]], the headquarters will include a new office building and test track.<ref>{{cite web|last=Tobin |first=Rachel |url=https://www.ajc.com/business/porsche-north-america-leave-sandy-springs-for-ford-plant/03IwRyDxEPNwqps41mbmNN/ |title=Porsche North America HQ to leave Sandy Springs for ex-Ford plant |publisher=ajc.com |date=11 May 2011 |access-date=1 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.atlantaga.gov/media/nr_porsche_051211.aspx |title="Mayor Kasim Reed and Governor Nathan Deal Announce Porsche to Build New U.S. Headquarters in Metropolitan Atlanta", City of Atlanta Online |publisher=Atlantaga.gov |access-date=1 August 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611040446/http://www.atlantaga.gov/media/nr_porsche_051211.aspx |archive-date=11 June 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Patton |first=Phil |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/20/automobiles/porsche-to-build-in-atlanta-and-california.html?_r=1 |title=Porsche to Build in Atlanta and California |newspaper=The New York Times |date=18 November 2011 |access-date=30 November 2011}}</ref> The facility will be known by its new address, One Porsche Drive.

In October 2017, Porsche Cars North America announced the launch of Porsche Passport,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.porschepassport.com/|title=Porsche Passport|date=14 February 2018|access-date=31 December 2021|archive-date=14 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180214144349/http://www.porschepassport.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref> a new sports [[Vehicle subscription|car and SUV subscription program]]. This new offering allows consumers to access Porsche vehicles through subscribing to the service, rather than owning or leasing a vehicle. The Porsche Passport service was available initially in [[Atlanta]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://press.porsche.com/news/release.php?id=1050|title=Porsche Launches New Sports Car and SUV Subscription Program|website=press.porsche.com|access-date=7 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180208004345/http://press.porsche.com/news/release.php?id=1050|archive-date=8 February 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2017-10-20/porsche-s-passport-to-the-new-mobility|title=Porsche's Passport to the New Mobility|date=20 October 2017|work=Bloomberg.com|access-date=7 February 2018|language=en}}</ref> and has become available in many major cities across the US.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Porsche Subscription - Porsche USA |url=https://www.porsche.com/usa/accessoriesandservices/porschedrive/subscription/ |access-date=3 October 2023 |website=Porsche HOME - Porsche USA |language=en-US}}</ref>

During the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], in March 2020, Porsche suspended its manufacturing in Europe for two weeks, "By taking this step, the sports car manufacturer is responding to the significant acceleration in the rate of infection caused by the coronavirus and the resultant measures implemented by the relevant authorities."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/coronavirus-porsche-suspends-production-europe-due-to-covid-19-outbreak-2020-3|title=Porsche is suspending production in Europe amid worsening coronavirus outbreak|publisher=[[Business Insider]]|access-date=18 March 2020}}</ref>

In August 2022, ''[[Bloomberg News]]'' reported that Porsche has lined up interest in subscription of its [[initial public offering]] for a valuation between US$60{{ndash}}85{{nbsp}}billion. It is expected to be listed on [[Frankfurt Stock Exchange]] in September.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-08-26/porsche-lines-up-ipo-demand-at-up-to-85-billion-valuation |title=Porsche Attracts IPO Demand at Up to $85 Billion Valuation |date=26 August 2022 |work=[[Bloomberg News]] |first1=Eyk |last1=Henning |first2=Jan-Henrik |last2=Foerster |url-access=limited |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220827070238/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-08-26/porsche-lines-up-ipo-demand-at-up-to-85-billion-valuation |archive-date=27 August 2022 |url-status=live
}}</ref>

=== Relationship with Volkswagen ===
[[File:Vw-porsche914-typenbezeichnung.JPG|thumb|Combined badging of the European 914]]
The company has always had a close relationship with, initially, the [[Volkswagen]] (VW) [[marque]], and later, the [[Volkswagen Group]] (which also owns [[Audi|Audi AG]]), because the first [[Volkswagen Beetle]] was designed by [[Ferdinand Porsche]].

The two companies collaborated in 1969 to make the [[Porsche 914|VW-Porsche 914 and 914-6]], whereby the 914-6 had a Porsche engine, and the 914 had a Volkswagen engine. Further collaboration in 1976 resulted in the [[Porsche 912]]E (US only) and the [[Porsche 924]], which used many Audi components, and was built at Audi's [[Neckarsulm]] factory, which had been [[NSU Motorenwerke|NSU]]'s. [[Porsche 944]]s were also built there,<ref>{{cite web|title=The history of the Neckarsulm plant |url=https://www.audi-mediaservices.com/publish/ms/content/en/public/hintergrundberichte/2011/03/08/der_audi_standort/the_history_of_the.standard.gid-oeffentlichkeit.html |work=Audi MediaServices |publisher=Audi AG |access-date=4 May 2011 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008202612/https://www.audi-mediaservices.com/publish/ms/content/en/public/hintergrundberichte/2011/03/08/der_audi_standort/the_history_of_the.standard.gid-oeffentlichkeit.html |archive-date=8 October 2011 }}</ref> although they used far fewer Volkswagen components. The Cayenne, introduced in 2002, shares its chassis with the [[Volkswagen Touareg]] and the [[Audi Q7]], which is built at the [[list of Volkswagen Group factories|Volkswagen Group factory]] in [[Bratislava]], [[Slovakia]].

=== Corporate restructuring ===
[[File:Porsche Design Tower-pjt.jpg|thumb|Porsche Design Tower, Stuttgart]]
[[File:Porsche911(991)PorschePlatz.jpg|thumb|A [[Porsche 991|991]] in front of the factory in which it was assembled, Porsche-Werk Stuttgart (right), and the manufacturer's central dealership, Porsche Zentrum Stuttgart (left)]]
[[File:Porsche, GIMS 2018, Le Grand-Saconnex (1X7A0254).jpg|thumb|Porsche board members [[Oliver Blume]], Detlev von Platen, [[Michael Steiner]] ...]]
[[File:Porsche, GIMS 2018, Le Grand-Saconnex (1X7A0250).jpg|thumb|... Uwe-Karsten Städter, Albrecht Reimold and Andreas Haffner (left to right)]]
Porsche SE was created in June 2007 by renaming the old Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG, and became a holding company for the families' stake in Porsche Zwischenholding GmbH (50.1%) (which in turn held 100% of the old Porsche AG) and Volkswagen AG (50.7%).<ref>{{cite news|last=Rauwald |first=Christoph |url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704122904575314062459444270.html |title=Wall Street Journal 18 June 2010 |publisher=Online.wsj.com |date=18 June 2010 |access-date=1 August 2011}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{cite web |url=http://www.porsche-se.com/pho/en/porschese/holdingstructure/ |title=Porsche SE Investor Relations |publisher=Porsche-se.com |access-date=1 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160901065434/http://www.porsche-se.com/pho/en/porschese/holdingstructure/ |archive-date=1 September 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> At the same time, the new Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG ('''Porsche AG''') was created for the car manufacturing business.

In August 2009, Porsche SE and [[Volkswagen Group|Volkswagen AG]] reached an agreement that the car manufacturing operations of the two companies would merge in 2011, to form an "Integrated Automotive Group".<ref name="PorscheMerger">{{cite press release|title=Porsche Supervisory Board agrees on the contracts of implementation |url=http://www.porsche-se.com/pho/en/news/?pool=pho&id=2009-11-20 |publisher=Porsche Automobil Holding SE, Stuttgart |date=20 November 2009 |access-date=22 November 2009 }}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref name="VWAG_merger">{{cite press release|url=http://www.volkswagenag.com/vwag/vwcorp/info_center/en/news/2009/08/Volkswagen_Aufsichtsrat_stimmt_Grundlagenvereinbarung_fuer.html|title=Volkswagen Supervisory Board approves Comprehensive Agreement for an Integrated Automotive Group with Porsche|publisher=[[Volkswagen AG|Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft]]|date=13 August 2009|access-date=22 November 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720053631/http://www.volkswagenag.com/vwag/vwcorp/info_center/en/news/2009/08/Volkswagen_Aufsichtsrat_stimmt_Grundlagenvereinbarung_fuer.html|archive-date=20 July 2011}}</ref> The management of Volkswagen AG agreed to 50.76% of Volkswagen AG being owned by Porsche SE in return for Volkswagen AG management taking Porsche SE management positions (in order for Volkswagen management to remain in control), and for Volkswagen AG acquiring ownership of Porsche AG.

As of the end of 2015, the 52.2% control interest in Volkswagen AG is the predominant investment by Porsche SE, and VW AG in turn controls brands and companies such as [[Volkswagen]], [[Audi]], [[SEAT]], [[Škoda Auto|Škoda]], [[Bentley]], [[Bugatti]], [[Lamborghini]], Porsche AG, [[Ducati]], [[Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles]], [[Scania AB|Scania]], [[MAN SE|MAN]], as well as Volkswagen Financial Services.<ref name=":5">{{cite web|title=Porsche SE Annual Report 2015|url=http://www.porsche-se.com/filestore/download/pho/en/investorrelations-annualreport2015-pdf/default/7c2f7397-11f3-11e6-9225-0019999cd470/Annual-Report-Fiscal-Year-2015.pdf/|page=3|access-date=17 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161018211112/http://www.porsche-se.com/filestore/download/pho/en/investorrelations-annualreport2015-pdf/default/7c2f7397-11f3-11e6-9225-0019999cd470/Annual-Report-Fiscal-Year-2015.pdf/|archive-date=18 October 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Porsche AG, as a 100% subsidiary of VW AG, is responsible for the actual production and manufacture of the Porsche automobile line. The company currently produces [[Porsche 911]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/business/Industry/porsche-brings-limited-edition-911-r-priced-at-around-rs-3-crore/article17361797.ece|title=Porsche brings Limited Edition 911 R priced at around Rs 3 crore|last=PTI|work=The Hindu|access-date=9 March 2017|language=en}}</ref> [[Porsche Boxster|Boxster]] and [[Porsche Cayman|Cayman]] sports cars, the [[Porsche Cayenne|Cayenne]] and [[Porsche Macan|Macan]] [[sport utility vehicles]] and the four-door [[Porsche Panamera|Panamera]].

In addition to its subsidiaries [[Porsche Design]] and [[Porsche Engineering]], Porsche AG owns the consulting firm [[MHP Management- und IT-Beratung]], which was fully acquired by January 2024.<ref>{{cite web|title=Porsche AG to increase its stake in IT consultancy MHP to 100%|url=https://www.mhp.com/en/insights/newsroom/news-detail/view/porsche-ag-to-increase-its-stake-in-it-consultancy-mhp-to-100|website=MHP|date=28 July 2023|access-date=29 April 2025}}</ref> Porsche also has a 29% share in German engineering and design consultancy [[Bertrandt|Bertrandt AG]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Porsche bolsters engineering and design operations|url=http://www.autocar.co.uk/car-news/industry/porsche-bolsters-engineering-and-design-operations|website=Autocar|access-date=16 September 2014|date=3 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Porsche AG raises its stake in Bertrandt AG|url=http://www.porsche.com/usa/aboutporsche/pressreleases/pag/?pool=international-de&id=72526|website=Porsche AG|access-date=16 September 2014|date=3 July 2014}}</ref> In 2018, Porsche acquired a 10% minority shareholding stake of the Croatian [[Electric car|electric sportscar]] manufacturer [[Rimac Automobili]] to form a development partnership.<ref name="Porsche 20 June 2018">{{cite press release |url=https://newsroom.porsche.com/en/company/porsche-rimac-automobili-development-partnership-technology-sports-car-company-zagreb-croatia-electromobility-geneva-motor-show-electric-hypercar-c-two-15697.html |title=Porsche takes a stake in the Croatian technology and sports car company Rimac |publisher=Porsche |date=20 June 2018 |access-date=22 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620181128/https://newsroom.porsche.com/en/company/porsche-rimac-automobili-development-partnership-technology-sports-car-company-zagreb-croatia-electromobility-geneva-motor-show-electric-hypercar-c-two-15697.html |archive-date=20 June 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/6/20/17482656/porsche-rimac-ev-electric-investment |title=Porsche accelerates EV supercar ambitions with investment in Rimac |first=Vlad |last=Savov |work=The Verge |location=US |date=20 June 2018 |access-date=22 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180621014855/https://www.theverge.com/2018/6/20/17482656/porsche-rimac-ev-electric-investment |archive-date=21 June 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Initial public offering ===
In February 2022, Volkswagen AG had announced that it would examine the feasibility of a possible [[Initial public offering|IPO]] of Porsche AG.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Board of Management and Supervisory Board aim for an IPO of Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG and decide on the next step with the "intention to float" |url=https://www.volkswagenag.com/en/news/2022/09/Ad_Hoc_Porsche_IPO_ITF.html |access-date=19 September 2022 |website=www.volkswagenag.com|date=5 September 2022 }}</ref> The [[share capital]] of Porsche AG has been divided into 50% [[Non-voting stock|non-voting]] [[Preferred stock|preference shares]] and 50% ordinary shares.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=17 September 2022 |title=Factbox: The structure of the planned Porsche IPO |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/structure-planned-porsche-ipo-2022-09-17/ |access-date=19 September 2022}}</ref> Volkswagen AG will retain 75% of ordinary shares, while [[Porsche SE]] will acquire 25% of ordinary shares. Volkswagen AG will also retain 75% of preference shares, while 25% of preference shares (12.5% of share capital) will be sold during IPO,<ref name=":0" /> while [[Qatar Investment Authority]] has already committed to buy 4.99% of preference shares, leaving another 20.01% (10% of share capital), to other investors.<ref name=":1" /> As part of the preliminary offering, 113,875 thousand shares were sold at the upper limit of the price range - 82.5 euros. Thus, the value of the company was estimated at 75 billion euros. In the first hours of trading on the [[Frankfurt Stock Exchange]] on 29 September, the share price rose to 84 euros.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/markets/europe/porsche-debut-amid-market-tumult-historic-ipo-2022-09-28/|title=Porsche races higher after landmark $72 bln listing|date=29 September 2022|website=reuters.com}}</ref>

=== Australian eFuel operations ===
{{main|Highly Innovative Fuels Australia}}
In April 2022, Porsche Australia announced they are planning to open an efuel manufacturing facility in the island state of [[Tasmania]]. The plant will be the first of its type in the country. The facility is to be named the '''HIF (Highly Innovative Fuels) Tasmania Carbon Neutral eFuel Plant'''. It is slated to open in 2026.<ref>{{citation | url = https://www.whichcar.com.au/news/porsche-to-build-australian-efuels-plant-tasmania-operational-from-2026 | title = Porsche to build Australian efuels plant in Tasmania, operational from mid-2026 | publisher = Motor | date = 8 July 2022}}</ref>