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== Taxonomy == === Extant genera === The following genera are known: * ''[[Allomycterus]]'' <small>[[Allan Riverstone McCulloch|McCulloch]], 1921</small> * ''[[Chilomycterus]]'' <small>[[Charles N. F. Brisout|Brisout de Barneville]], 1846</small> * ''[[Cyclichthys]]'' <small>[[Johann Jakob Kaup|Kaup]], 1855</small> * ''[[Diodon]]'' <small>[[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758</small> * ''[[Dicotylichthys]]'' <small>[[Johann Jakob Kaup|Kaup]], 1855</small> * ''[[Lophodiodon]]'' <small>[[Alec Frederick Fraser-Brunner|Fraser-Brunner]], 1943</small> * ''[[Tragulichthys]]'' <small>[[Gilbert Percy Whitley|Whitley]], 1931</small> === Fossil genera === [[File:Prodiodon erinaceus.JPG|thumb|''[[Prodiodon]]'', an [[Eocene]]-aged fossil porcupinefish from Italy]] The following genera are known only from fossil remains:<ref>{{Cite web |title=PBDB Taxon |url=https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=83301 |access-date=2025-01-01 |website=paleobiodb.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Cantalice |first1=Kleyton M. |last2=Salgado-Garrido |first2=Hugo E. |last3=Sosa-Rodríguez |first3=Erick |last4=Vilchis-Zapata |first4=Kay |last5=González-Barba |first5=Gerardo |last6=Project |first6=on behalf of the Underwater Archaeological Atlas |date=2025-02-06 |title=Underwater paleontology inside cenotes reveals the Miocene-Pliocene fish diversity in the Yucatan Peninsula, southeast Mexico |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=e0315382 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0315382 |doi-access=free |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=11801553 |pmid=39913453}}</ref> * †''[[Eodiodon]]'' <small>Casier, 1952</small> (Late Eocene of Belgium) * †''[[Heptadiodon]]'' <small>Bronn, 1855</small> (Early Eocene of Italy) * †''[[Oligodiodon]]'' <small>[[Henri Émile Sauvage|Sauvage]]</small><small>, 1873</small> (Miocene of Austria & Italy) * †''[[Prodiodon]]'' <small>Ladanois, 1955</small> (Early Eocene of Italy) * †''[[Progymnodon]]'' <small>Dames, 1883</small> (mid-late Eocene of the United States and Romania) * †''[[Pshekhadiodon]]'' <small>Bannikov & Tyler, 1997</small> (Middle Eocene of the North Caucasus, Russia)<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Tyler |first1=J. C. |last2=Bannikov |first2=A. F. |date=2009-11-01 |title=Phylogenetic implications of the some cranial features of the porcupine pufferfish Pshekhadiodon (Tetraodontiformes, Diodontidae) from the Eocene of the Northern Caucasus |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S003294520909001X |journal=Journal of Ichthyology |language=en |volume=49 |issue=9 |pages=703–709 |doi=10.1134/S003294520909001X |bibcode=2009JIch...49..703T |issn=1555-6425}}</ref> * †''[[Zignodon]]'' <small>Tyler & Santini, 2002</small> (Early Eocene of Italy)
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