Editing Politics of Slovenia (section)

==Political developments==
{{More citations needed section|date=January 2020}}
{{update|date=November 2010}}
As a young independent [[republic]], '''[[Slovenia]]''' pursued [[Economic stability|economic stabilization]] and further political openness, while emphasizing its Western outlook and central European heritage. Today, with a growing regional profile, a participant in the [[SFOR]] peacekeeping deployment in [[Bosnia and Herzegovina|Bosnia]] and the [[Kosovo Force|KFOR]] deployment in [[Kosovo]], and a charter [[World Trade Organization]] member, Slovenia plays a role on the world stage quite out of proportion to its small size.

From 1998 to 2000, Slovenia occupied a nonpermanent seat on the [[UN Security Council]] and in that capacity distinguished itself with a constructive, creative, and consensus-oriented activism. Slovenia has been a Member State of the [[European Union]] since May 2004. It has also been a member of the [[United Nations]] since May 1992, of the [[Council of Europe]] since May 1993, and of all major international financial institutions (the [[International Monetary Fund]], the [[World Bank]] Group, and the [[European Bank for Reconstruction and Development]]) as well as 40 other international organizations, among them the World Trade Organization, of which it is a founding member.

Since the breakup of the [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|former Yugoslavia]], Slovenia has instituted a stable, multi-party, democratic political system, characterized by regular elections, a free press, and an excellent [[human rights]] record. However, Slovenia is the only former Communist state that has never carried out [[lustration]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rtvslo.si/slovenija/poskodovana-mentaliteta-je-zapuscina-totalitarizmov/272802 |title=Poškodovana mentaliteta je zapuščina totalitarizmov |language=sl |trans-title=Damaged Mentality is the Legacy of Totalitarisms |publisher=MMC RTV Slovenia}}</ref> By [[Constitution of Slovenia]] the country is a [[parliamentary democracy]] and a [[republic]]. Within its government, power is shared between a directly elected president, a prime minister, and an incompletely bicameral legislature.<ref name="US2008">{{cite news |url=http://odlocitve.us-rs.si/usrs/us-odl.nsf/o/91B69BBC50349012C12574F2004123EB |title=U-I-295/07-8 |language=sl |date=22 October 2008 |access-date=16 December 2010 |publisher=Constitutional Court of the Republic of Slovenia |quote=S tega vidika lahko govorimo o nepopolni dvodomnosti slovenskega parlamenta, kajti po ustavnopravni teoriji se šteje za dvodomno vsaka ureditev, v kateri delujeta na področju zakonodajne funkcije dva organa, ne glede na to, kakšno razmerje je med njima.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=http://dk.fdv.uni-lj.si/dela/Lakota-Igor.PDF |title=Sistem nepopolne dvodomnosti v slovenskem parlamentu (diplomska naloga) |trans-title=The system of incomplete bicameralism in the Slovenian Parliament (diploma thesis) |page=59 |first=Igor |last=Lakota |year=2006 |access-date=16 December 2010 |publisher=Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ljubljana |language=sl}}</ref> The legislative body is composed of the 90-member National Assembly—which takes the lead on virtually all legislative issues—and the National Council, a largely advisory body composed of representatives from social, economic, professional, and local interests. The Constitutional Court has the highest power of review of legislation to ensure its consistency with Slovenia's constitution. Its nine judges are elected for 9-year terms.

In 1997, elections were held to elect both a president and representatives to Parliament's upper house, the National Council. [[Milan Kučan]], elected President of the Yugoslav Republic of Slovenia in 1990, led his country to independence in 1991. He was elected the first President of independent Slovenia in 1992 and again in November 1997 by a comfortable margin.

[[Janez Drnovšek]] of the center-left [[Liberal Democratic Party of Slovenia]] (LDS) was reelected Prime Minister in the 15 October 2000 parliamentary elections. Drnovšek's coalition held an almost two-thirds majority in Parliament.

The government, most of the Slovenian polity, shares a common view of the desirability of a close association with the West, specifically of membership in both the [[European Union]] and [[NATO]]. For all the apparent bitterness that divides left and right wings, there are few fundamental philosophical differences between them in the area of public policy. Slovenian society is built on consensus, which has converged on a social-democrat model. Political differences tend to have their roots in the roles that groups and individuals played during the years of communist rule and the struggle for independence.

As the most prosperous republic of the former Yugoslavia, Slovenia emerged from its brief ten-day war of secession in 1991 as an independent nation for the first time in its history. Since that time, the country has made steady but cautious progress toward developing a market economy. Economic reforms introduced shortly after independence led to healthy economic growth. Despite the halting pace of reform and signs of slowing GDP growth today, Slovenians now enjoy the highest [[per capita]] income of all the transition economies of central Europe.

The Slovenians have pursued internal economic restructuring with caution. The first phase of [[privatization]] (socially owned property under the SFRY system) is now complete, and sales of remaining large state holdings are planned for next year. Trade has been diversified toward the West (trade with EU countries make up 66% of total trade in 2000) and the growing markets of central and eastern Europe. Manufacturing accounts for most employment, with machinery and other manufactured products comprising the major exports. Labor force surveys put unemployment at approximately 6.6% (Dec. 2000), with 106,153 registrations for unemployment assistance. [[Inflation]] has remained below double-digit levels, 6.1% (1999) and 8.9% (2000). Gross domestic product grew by about 4.8% in 2000 and is expected to post a slightly lower rate of 4.5% in 2001, as export demand lags. The currency is stable, fully convertible, and backed by substantial reserves. The economy provides citizens with a good [[standard of living]].

Ten years after independence, Slovenia has made tremendous progress establishing democratic institutions, enshrining respect for human rights, establishing a [[market economy]] and adapting its military to Western norms and standards. Following this path it became a Member State of the [[European Union]] in 2004. In contrast to its neighbors, civil tranquility and strong economic growth have marked this period. Upon achieving independence, Slovenia offered citizenship to all residents, regardless of ethnicity or origin, avoiding a sectarian trap that has caught out many central European countries. Slovenia willingly accepted refugees from the fighting in Bosnia and has since participated in international stabilization efforts in the region.

On the international front, Slovenia has advanced rapidly toward integration into the Euro-Atlantic community of nations. Slovenia has achieved two of its primary foreign policy goals: membership in the [[EU]] and [[NATO]]. Slovenia also participates in the [[Southeast Europe Cooperation Initiative|Southeast Europe Cooperation Initiative (SECI)]].

[[Image:GovernmentPalace-Ljubljana.JPG|thumb|[[Presidential Palace, Ljubljana|Presidential Palace]] in Ljubljana.]]

Slovenia has been an active participant in Partnership for Peace (PfP) and has sought to demonstrate its preparedness to take on the responsibilities and burdens of membership in the Alliance. The [[United States]] looks to Slovenia to play a productive role in continuing security efforts throughout the region. It has done much– contributing to the success of IFOR, SFOR, efforts in [[Albania]], [[North Macedonia]], [[Montenegro]], [[Kosovo]], and elsewhere– and has continued to expand actively its constructive regional engagement.

Slovenia is one of the focus countries for the United States' southeast European policy, aimed at reinforcing regional stability and integration. The Slovenian Government is well-positioned to be an influential role model for other southeast European governments at different stages of reform and integration. To these ends, the United States urges Slovenia to maintain momentum on internal economic, political, and legal reforms, while expanding their international cooperation as resources allow. Given Slovenia's membership of the [[EU]], many of these reforms are now legally binding through [[European law]]. NATO and EU efforts to assist Slovenia's military restructuring and modernization efforts are ongoing.

[[Borut Pahor]] has held the position of president since 2012. In November 2017, Slovenian President Borut Pahor was re-elected for a second term in close [[2017 Slovenian presidential election|election]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-slovenia-election-idUSKBN1DC0YX|title=Slovenia's President Pahor wins second term in close race|newspaper=Reuters|date=12 November 2017|last1=Novak|first1=Marja}}</ref>

Former prime minister Janez Jansa spent six months in prison in 2014 after being convicted on bribery charges related to a 2006 arms deal. Jansa had denied any wrongdoing.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pengovsky.com/2014/12/12/janez-jansa-walks-out-of-prison-but-is-he-in-the-clear/|title = Janez Janša Walks Out of Prison. But is He in the Clear? &#124; SLEEPING WITH PENGOVSKY|date = 12 December 2014}}</ref>

In June 2018, the center-right Slovenia Democratic Party (SDS) of former prime minister Janez Jansa won in the [[2018 Slovenian parliamentary election|election]]. SDS secured 25 seats in the 90-seat parliament. A center-left party, The List of Marjan Sarec (LMS), was in second place with 13 seats.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-slovenia-election-idUSKCN1IY0V1|title=Anti-immigration party wins Slovenia elections|newspaper=Reuters|date=4 June 2018|last1=Novak|first1=Marja}}</ref>

Prime Minister Marjan Sarec resigned in January 2020. He led a center-left minority government since the 2018 elections.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-slovenia-government-idUSKBN1ZQ0RY|title = Slovenian PM Sarec resigns, early election likely|newspaper = Reuters|date = 27 January 2020|last1 = Novak|first1 = Marja}}</ref>

In March 2020, Janez Janša became prime minister for third time in the new coalition government of SDS, the Modern Centre Party (SMC), New Slovenia (NSi) and Pensioners' Party (DeSUS). Jansa had previously been prime minister from 2004 to 2008 and from 2012 to 2013.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.total-slovenia-news.com/politics/5762-jansa-sworn-in-as-slovenia-s-prime-minister-designate|title = Janša Sworn in as Slovenia's Prime Minister-Designate}}</ref> Janez Janša was known as a right-wing populist and an outspoken supporter of former US President [[Donald Trump]].{{citation needed|date=July 2022}} Janša was also known  as an ally of right-wing Prime Minister [[Viktor Orbán|Viktor Orban]] of Hungary.<ref>{{cite news |title=Janez Jansa: Slovenia votes out pro-Trump populist |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61214175 |work=BBC News |date=25 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Orbán Meeting Jansa: "We are not troublemakers, merely stronger than we were" |url=https://hungarytoday.hu/orban-jansa-meeting-talks-slovenia-not-troublemakers/ |website=Hungary Today |language=en |date=21 February 2022}}</ref>

In April 2022, liberal opposition, The [[Freedom Movement (Slovenia)|Freedom Movement]], won the parliamentary [[2022 Slovenian parliamentary election|election]]. The Freedom Movement won 34.5% of the vote, compared with 23.6% for Janša's [[Slovenian Democratic Party|Slovenian Democratic party]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Slovenia's Janša defeated by opposition liberal Freedom Movement |url=https://www.euronews.com/2022/04/24/slovenians-out-to-vote-with-no-single-party-projected-to-rule-without-coalition |work=euronews |date=24 April 2022 |language=en}}</ref> On 25 May 2022, Slovenia's parliament voted to appoint the leader of Freedom Movement, [[Robert Golob]], as the new [[Prime Minister of Slovenia]] to succeed  Janez Janša.<ref>{{cite news |title=Slovenian lawmakers approve liberal-green leader as new PM |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/ap-janez-jansa-ljubljana-european-union-b2087473.html |work=The Independent |date=25 May 2022 |language=en}}</ref>