Editing Piquet (section)

==History==
Piquet is one of the oldest card games still being played.<ref name="Parlett">{{cite web | url=http://www.parlettgames.uk/histocs/piquet.html | title=Piquet - The great classic card game for two | publisher=parlettgames.uk | access-date=2014-05-12}}</ref> It is first mentioned, as ''Le Cent'', in a written reference dating to 1535, in ''[[Gargantua and Pantagruel]]'' by [[Rabelais]].<ref name="Pagat">{{cite web|url= http://www.pagat.com/notrump/piquet.html|title=Rules of Card Games: Piquet|publisher=Pagat|access-date=2014-05-12}}</ref> Although legend attributes the game's creation to Stephen de Vignolles, also known as [[La Hire]], a knight in the service of Charles VII during the [[Hundred Years' War]], it may possibly have come into France from Spain because the words "''pique''" and "''repique''", the main features of the game, are of Spanish origin. The earliest clear mention of the game – leaving aside various predecessors – is in 1585 by Jacques Perrache, described as a "Provençal  gentleman",<ref>{{cite book |last1=Allais |first1=Gustave |title=Malherbe et la poésie française à la fin du XVIᵉ siècle |date=1892 |publisher=E. Thorin |page=68 |url=https://archive.org/details/malherbeetlapo00allauoft}}</ref> who refers to two unusual games, "premieres, & piquets".<ref>Perrache Jacques (1585). ''Le Triomphe due Berlan''. Paris: Mathieu Guillemot.</ref><ref name=Zollinger>Zollinger (2002), pp. 104 ff.</ref>

The game was introduced in Germany during the [[Thirty Years' War]], and texts of that period provide substantial evidence of its vogue, like the metaphorical use of the word "''repique''" in the 1634–8 political poem ''Allamodisch Picket Spiel'' ("''Piquet Game à la mode''"), which reflects the growing popularity of the game at that time. As with other games like ''[[Bête (card game)|Bête]],'' the substantive form of the word "piquet" was turned into a verb and this is used substantially by Rist's 1640 ''Spiele, die man Picquetten heißet'',<ref>{{cite book |author=William Jervis Jones|date=1976 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gRSzokpyfSUC |title=A Lexicon of French Borrowings in the German Vocabulary (1575-1648) |pages=517–569 |series=(Studia linguistica Germanica, Vol. 12) |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |location= Berlin & N.Y |isbn=978-3-11004-769-1}}</ref> who gives the word his grudging assent. Historical sources also distinguish between ''Rummel-Piquet'', the normal game in which ''Rummel'' referred to the feature of ''point'', and ''Offenherziges Piquet'' (lit.: "Open-hearted Piquet"), which was played [[ouverte (cards)|ouverte]].<ref>Chomel (1756), p. 787</ref> Mizka states that the former was known as ''Ronfelspiel'' (French: ''Ronfler'') until 1664.<ref>Mizka (2010), p. 483</ref>

Until the early twentieth century, piquet was perhaps the most popular card game in France, occupying a similar position to [[cribbage]] in England. It first became popular in England after the marriage of [[Mary I of England]] to [[Philip II of Spain]] in 1554.<ref name="Parlett"/> During this period the game was known as cent, after the Spanish game ''cientos'', referring to the fact that one of the chief goals of piquet is to reach 100 points. Following the marriage of King [[Charles I of England]] to [[Henrietta Maria of France]] in 1625, the British adopted the French name for the game.<ref name="Parlett"/> It went in and out of fashion among the upper classes in Britain between the 17th and early 20th centuries, its demise from the end of the [[First World War]] being put down to the rise of [[Gin Rummy]] "and other lowbrow games that are easier to learn and faster to play."<ref name="Parlett"/>