Editing Pfizer (section)

==History==
[[File:Charlespfizer.jpg|right|thumb|upright|Charles Pfizer (1824–1906)]]

=== 1849–1950: Early history ===
Pfizer was founded in 1849 as "Charles Pfizer & Company" by [[Charles Pfizer]] and [[Charles F. Erhart]],<ref>{{Cite book |url=http://archive.org/details/internationaldir0178unse |title=International Directory of Company Histories |date=2016 |publisher=St. James Press |isbn=978-1-4103-9198-8 |volume=178 |pages=362–373 |chapter=Pfizer Inc.}}</ref> two cousins who had immigrated to the United States from [[Ludwigsburg]], Germany. The business produced chemical compounds, and was headquartered on Bartlett Street<ref name="Citycyclopedia">Kenneth T. Jackson. ''The Encyclopedia of New York City''. The New York Historical Society; Yale University Press; September 1995. P. 895. {{ISBN|978-0-300-05536-8}}</ref> in [[Williamsburg, Brooklyn]], where they produced an [[antiparasitic]] called [[santonin]]. This was an immediate success, although it was production of [[citric acid]] that led to Pfizer's growth in the 1880s. Pfizer continued to buy property in the area (by now the Williamsburg district of the city of [[Brooklyn, New York]] and beginning in 1898, the [[City of Greater New York]]) to expand its lab and factory, retaining offices on Flushing Avenue until the 1960s; the Brooklyn plant ultimately closed in 2009.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/28/nyregion/28pfizer.html |title=Pfizer's Birthplace, Soon Without Pfizer |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 28, 2007}}</ref> Following their success with citric acid, Pfizer (at the now-demolished 295 Washington Avenue) and Erhart (at 280 Washington Avenue) established their main residences in the nearby [[Clinton Hill, Brooklyn|Clinton Hill]] district, known for its concentration of [[Gilded Age]] wealth.{{cn|date=November 2024}}

In 1881, Pfizer moved its administrative headquarters to 81 Maiden Lane in [[Manhattan]], presaging the company's expansion to [[Chicago]], Illinois, a year later.<ref name="Citycyclopedia" /><ref name=collection/> By 1906 sales exceeded $3{{nbsp}}million.<ref name=history>{{Cite web |title=Company Timeline: a Legacy of Innovation |url=https://www.pfizer.com/about/history |url-status=live |website=Pfizer |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408162711/https://www.pfizer.com/about/history |archive-date=2022-04-08 |access-date=2022-05-16}}</ref>

[[World War I]] caused a shortage of [[calcium citrate]]. Pfizer imported the compound from Italy for the manufacture of citric acid, and due to the disruption in supply, the company began a search for an alternative.<ref name=":5">{{Cite book |last=Malhotra |first=Girish K. |title=Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Manufacturing: Nondestructive Creation |publisher=Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG |year=2022 |isbn=978-3-11-070284-2 |pages=7 }}</ref> They found this in the form of a [[fungus]] capable of fermenting sugar to citric acid. By 1919, the company was able to commercialize production of citric acid from this source.<ref name=":5" /> The company developed expertise in fermentation technology as a result. These skills were applied to the [[History of penicillin#Deep submergence for industrial production|deep-submergence mass production]] of [[penicillin]], an [[antibiotic]], during [[World War II]] in response to the need to treat injured Allied soldiers.<ref name=Fermentation>{{Cite web |title=Penicillin Production through Deep-tank Fermentation – National Historic Chemical Landmark |url=https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/penicillin.html |publisher=[[American Chemical Society]]}}</ref> The company also embarked on a global [[soil]] collection program related to improving production yields of penicillin which ultimately resulted in 135,000 samples.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Johnson |first=Steven |authorlink=Steven Johnson (author) |title=Extra Life |publisher=[[Riverhead Books]] |year=2021 |isbn=978-0-525-53885-1 |edition=1st |pages=160 }}</ref>

On June 2, 1942, the company incorporated under the [[Delaware General Corporation Law]].<ref name=10K/>

=== 1950–1980: Pivot to pharmaceutical research and global expansion ===
Due to price declines for [[penicillin]], Pfizer searched for new antibiotics with greater profit potential. Pfizer discovered [[oxytetracycline]] in 1950, and this changed the company from a manufacturer of [[fine chemical]]s to a research-based pharmaceutical company. Pfizer developed a [[drug discovery]] program focused on in vitro synthesis to augment its research in fermentation technology. In 1959, the company established an [[animal health]] division with a {{cvt|700|acre|km2|adj=on}} farm and research facility in [[Terre Haute, Indiana]].<ref name=Fermentation/>

By the 1950s, Pfizer had established offices in Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Cuba, Mexico, Panama, Puerto Rico, and the United Kingdom. In 1960, the company moved its medical research laboratory operations out of New York City to a new facility in Groton, Connecticut. In 1980, Pfizer launched Feldene ([[piroxicam]]), a prescription anti-inflammatory medication that became Pfizer's first product to reach $1{{nbsp}}billion in revenue.<ref name=history/>

In 1965, John Powers, Jr. became [[chief executive officer]] of the company, succeeding John McKeen.<ref name=history/>

As the area surrounding its Brooklyn, NY plant fell into decline in the 1970s and 1980s, the company formed a public-private partnership with New York City that encompassed the construction of low- and middle-income housing, the refurbishment of apartment buildings for the homeless and the establishment of a [[charter school]].<ref name=collection>{{Cite web |url=http://dlib.nyu.edu/findingaids/html/bhs/arc_084_pfizer/bioghist.html |title=Guide to the Pfizer Inc. collection ARC.084 |publisher=[[Brooklyn Public Library]]}}</ref>

In 1972, [[Edmund T. Pratt Jr.]] became [[chief executive officer]] of the company, succeeding John Powers, Jr.<ref name=history/>

=== 1980–2000: Development of Viagra, Zoloft, and Lipitor ===
In 1981, the company received approval for Diflucan ([[fluconazole]]), the first oral treatment for severe [[fungal infection]]s including [[candidiasis]], [[blastomycosis]], [[coccidiodomycosis]], [[cryptococcosis]], [[histoplasmosis]], [[dermatophytosis]], and [[pityriasis versicolor]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Fluconazole |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/fluconazole.html |publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220231218/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/fluconazole.html |archive-date=20 December 2016}}</ref>

In 1986, Pfizer acquired the worldwide rights to Zithromax ([[azithromycin]]), a macrolide antibiotic that is recommended by the [[Infectious Disease Society of America]] as a first line treatment for certain cases of community-acquired pneumonia, from [[Pliva]].<ref name="best">{{cite web |url=https://www.wipo.int/ipadvantage/en/details.jsp?id=906 |title=Azithromycin: A world best-selling Antibiotic |publisher=[[World Intellectual Property Organization]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Mandell LA, Wunderink RG, Anzueto A, etal |date=March 2007 |title=Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults |url=https://www.thoracic.org/statements/resources/mtpi/idsaats-cap.pdf |journal=Clinical Infectious Diseases |volume=44 |issue=Suppl 2 |pages=S27–72 |doi=10.1086/511159 |pmc=7107997 |pmid=17278083}}</ref>

In 1989, Pfizer scientists Peter Dunn and Albert Wood created Viagra ([[sildenafil]]) for treating [[high blood pressure]] and [[angina]], a chest pain associated with [[coronary artery disease]]. In 1991, it was patented in the United Kingdom as a heart medication. Early trials for the medication showed that it did not work for the treatment of heart disease, but volunteers in the clinical trials had increased [[erection]]s several days after taking the drug. It was patented in the United States in 1996 and received approval by the [[Food and Drug Administration]] in March 1998. In December 1998, Pfizer hired [[Bob Dole]] as a spokesperson for the drug.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.cnn.com/2013/03/27/health/viagra-anniversary-timeline/index.html |title=Viagra: The little blue pill that could |first=Jacque |last=Wilson |work=[[CNN]] |date=March 27, 2013}}</ref> The patents for Viagra expired in 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2019/jun/09/race-to-replace-viagra-patents-erectile-dysfunction-drug-medical-research-cialis-eroxon |title=The race to replace Viagra |first=David |last=Cox |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=June 9, 2019}}</ref>

In 1991, [[William C. Steere, Jr.]] became [[chief executive officers]] of the company, succeeding [[Edmund T. Pratt Jr.]]<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-03-29-fi-903-story.html |title=Pfizer Inc., New York, has elected its... |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=March 29, 1991}}</ref>

In 1991 Pfizer also began marketing Zoloft ([[sertraline]]), an [[antidepressant]] of the [[selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor]] (SSRI) class developed nine years earlier by Pfizer chemists [[Kenneth Koe]] and Willard Welch. Sertraline is primarily prescribed for [[major depressive disorder]] in adult [[outpatients]] as well as [[obsessive-compulsive disorder]], [[panic disorder]], and [[social anxiety disorder]] in both adults and children. In 2005, the year before it became a generic drug, sales were over $3{{nbsp}}billion and over 100{{nbsp}}million people had been treated with the drug.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2015 |title=Kenneth Koe '45 |url=https://www.reed.edu/reed-magazine/in-memoriam/obituaries/_online_only/kenneth-koe-1945.html |url-status=live |access-date=2021-05-18 |website=Reed Magazine |publisher=[[Reed College]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220414055337/https://www.reed.edu/reed-magazine/in-memoriam/obituaries/_online_only/kenneth-koe-1945.html |archive-date=2022-04-14}}</ref> The patent for Zoloft expired in the summer of 2006.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Smith |first=Aaron |date=2006-04-04 |title=Who stands to gain when Zoloft goes generic? |work=[[CNN Money]] |url=https://money.cnn.com/2006/04/04/news/companies/antidepressants/ |access-date=2021-05-18}}</ref>

In 1996, [[Eisai (company)|Eisai]], in partnership with Pfizer, received [[Approved drug|approval]] from the [[Food and Drug Administration]] for [[donepezil]] under the brand Aricept for treatment of [[Alzheimer's disease]];<ref>{{Cite web |title=Highlights of Prescribing Information |url=https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/020690s035,021720s008,022568s005lbl.pdf |publisher=[[Food and Drug Administration]]}}</ref> Pfizer also received approval for Norvasc ([[amlodipine]]), an [[antihypertensive]] drug of the dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker class.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Drug Approval Package |url=https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/96/19-787s007_Amlodipine.cfm |publisher=[[Food and Drug Administration]]}}</ref>

[[File:Zoloft bottles.jpg|thumb|right|Bottles of Zoloft ([[sertraline]]), an [[antidepressant]]]]
In 1997, the company entered into a co-marketing agreement with [[Warner–Lambert]] for Lipitor ([[atorvastatin]]), a [[statin]] for the treatment of [[hypercholesterolemia]]. Although atorvastatin was the fifth [[statin]] to be developed, clinical trials showed that atorvastatin caused a more dramatic reduction in [[low-density lipoprotein]] pattern C (LDL-C) than the other statin drugs. Upon its patent expiration in 2011, Lipitor was the best-selling drug ever, with approximately $125{{nbsp}}billion in sales over 14.5 years.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mehta |first=Praful |date=2011-11-29 |title=Lipitor Patent Expiration – The End of an Era for Atorvastatin Sales |work=[[IHS Markit]] |url=https://ihsmarkit.com/research-analysis/lipitor-patent-expiration-atorvastatin-sales.html |access-date=2021-05-18 |archive-date=May 18, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518220335/https://ihsmarkit.com/research-analysis/lipitor-patent-expiration-atorvastatin-sales.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== 2000–2010: Further expansion ===
In 2001, [[Henry McKinnell]] became [[chief executive officer]] of the company, replacing [[William C. Steere, Jr.]]<ref name="longshot">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/29/business/29pfizer.html |title=A Long Shot Becomes Pfizer's Latest Chief Executive |first=Alex |last=Berenson |authorlink=Alex Berenson |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=July 29, 2006 |url-access=limited}}</ref>

In 2002, The [[Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation]] purchased stock in Pfizer.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Bank |first1=David |last2=Buckman |first2=Rebecca |date=2002-05-17 |title=Gates Foundation Buys Stakes in Drug Makers |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB1021577629748680000 |access-date=2022-06-14 |issn=0099-9660}}</ref>

In 2004, the company received approval for Lyrica ([[pregabalin]]), an [[anticonvulsant]] and [[anxiolytic]] medication used to treat [[epilepsy]], [[neuropathic pain]], [[fibromyalgia]], [[restless leg syndrome]], and [[generalized anxiety disorder]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pregabalin |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/pregabalin.html |publisher=[[American Society of Health-System Pharmacists]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Frampton |first1=James E. |title=Pregabalin: A Review of its Use in Adults with Generalized Anxiety Disorder |journal=CNS Drugs |date=September 2014 |volume=28 |issue=9 |pages=835–854 |doi=10.1007/s40263-014-0192-0 |pmid=25149863 |s2cid=5349255}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Iftikhar |first1=I. H. |last2=Alghothani |first2=L. |last3=Trotti |first3=L. M. |title=Gabapentin enacarbil, pregabalin and rotigotine are equally effective in restless legs syndrome: a comparative meta-analysis |journal=[[European Journal of Neurology]] |date=December 2017 |volume=24 |issue=12 |pages=1446–1456 |doi=10.1111/ene.13449 |pmid=28888061 |s2cid=22262972}}</ref> The United States patent on Lyrica was challenged by generic manufacturers and was upheld in 2014, extending the expiration date to 2018.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Decker |first=Susan |date=February 6, 2014 |title=Pfizer Wins Ruling to Block Generic Lyrica Until 2018 |work=[[Bloomberg News]] |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-02-06/pfizer-wins-ruling-to-block-generic-lyrica-until-2018.html |url-access=subscription}}</ref>

In July 2006, [[Jeff Kindler]] was named [[chief executive officer]] of the company, replacing [[Henry McKinnell]].<ref name="longshot" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=July 28, 2006 |title=Pfizer names new CEO |work=[[CNN]] |url=https://money.cnn.com/2006/07/28/news/companies/pfizer_ceo/index.htm}}</ref>

On December 3, 2006, Pfizer ceased development of [[torcetrapib]], a drug that increases production of [[high density lipoprotein|HDL]], which reduces [[low density lipoprotein|LDL]] thought to be correlated to heart disease. During a [[Phase III clinical trial]] involving 15,000 patients, more deaths than expected occurred in the group that took the medicine, and the [[mortality rate]] of patients taking the combination of torcetrapib and Lipitor (82 deaths during the study) was 60% higher than those taking Lipitor alone (52 deaths during the study). Lipitor alone was not implicated in the results, but Pfizer lost nearly $1{{nbsp}}billion developing the failed drug and its stock price dropped 11% on the day of the announcement.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Berenson |first1=Alex |last2=Pollack |first2=Andrew |date=December 5, 2006 |title=Pfizer Shares Plummet on Loss of a Promising Heart Drug |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/05/health/05pfizer.html |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Berenson |first=Alex |date=December 3, 2006 |title=Pfizer Ends Studies on Drug for Heart Disease |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/03/health/03pfizer.html |url-access=limited |authorlink=Alex Berenson}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Agovino |first=Theresa |date=December 3, 2006 |title=Pfizer ends cholesterol drug development |publisher=[[The Seattle Times]] |agency=[[Associated Press]] |url=https://www.seattletimes.com/nation-world/cholesterol-drug-trials-are-halted/}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Tanne |first1=Janice Hopkins |title=Pfizer stops clinical trials of heart drug |journal=BMJ |date=16 December 2006 |volume=333 |issue=7581 |pages=1237.2–1237 |doi=10.1136/bmj.39059.438044.DB |pmid=17170401 |pmc=1702474}}</ref>

Between 2007 and 2010, Pfizer spent $3.3{{nbsp}}million on investigations and legal fees and recovered about $5.1{{nbsp}}million, and had another $5{{nbsp}}million of pending recoveries from civil lawsuits against makers of [[counterfeit]] prescription drugs. Pfizer has hired customs and narcotics experts worldwide to track down fakes and assemble evidence that can be used to pursue civil suits for [[trademark infringement]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bennett |first=Simeon |date=July 8, 2010 |title=Pfizer: Civil Suits for Drug Counterfeiters |work=[[Bloomberg Businessweek]] |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2010-07-08/pfizer-civil-suits-for-drug-counterfeiters |url-access=limited}}</ref>

In July 2008, Pfizer announced 275 job cuts at its manufacturing facility in [[Portage, Michigan]]. Portage was previously the world headquarters of [[Upjohn Company]], which had been acquired as part of Pharmacia.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Jones |first=Al |date=July 15, 2008 |title=Pfizer job cuts don't equal a reduction in work load, says company spokesman |work=[[Booth Newspapers]] |url=https://www.mlive.com/kzgazette/2008/07/pfizer_job_cuts_dont_equal_a_r.html}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=April 16, 2003 |title=It's official: Pfizer buys Pharmacia |work=[[CNN]] |url=https://money.cnn.com/2003/04/16/news/companies/pfizer_pharma/}}</ref>

==== Acquisitions and mergers ====
In June 2000, Pfizer acquired Warner-Lambert outright for $116{{nbsp}}billion. To satisfy conditions imposed by antitrust regulators at the [[Federal Trade Commission]], Pfizer sold off or transferred stakes in several minor products, including RID (a shampoo for treatment of [[Head lice infestation|head lice]], sold to [[Bayer]]) and Warner-Lambert's antidepressant [[Celexa]] (which competes with Zoloft).<ref>{{Cite news |last=Hensley |first=Scott |date=June 20, 2000 |title=Pfizer Completes Stormy Takeover Of Warner-Lambert for $116 Billion |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB961456765639278103 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> The acquisition created what was, at the time, the second-largest pharmaceutical company worldwide.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Campbell |first=Todd |date=May 15, 2017 |title=Here are the 7 biggest mergers of all time |publisher=[[Business Insider]] |agency=[[The Motley Fool]] |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/here-are-the-7-biggest-mergers-of-all-time-2017-5#6-warner-lambert-warms-up-to-pfizer-89-billion-2}}</ref>

In 2003, Pfizer merged with [[Pharmacia]], and in the process acquired [[G.D. Searle, LLC|Searle]] and [[SUGEN]]. Searle had developed Flagyl ([[metronidazole]]), a [[nitroimidazole]] antibiotic medication used particularly for [[anaerobe|anaerobic]] [[bacterium|bacteria]] and [[protozoa]].<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Metronidazole Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/metronidazole.html |publisher=[[Drugs.com]]}}</ref> Searle also developed [[celecoxib]] (Celebrex) a [[COX-2 inhibitor]] and [[nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug]] (NSAID) used to treat the [[pain]] and [[inflammation]] in [[osteoarthritis]], [[acute pain]] in adults, [[rheumatoid arthritis]], [[ankylosing spondylitis]], [[painful menstruation]], and [[juvenile rheumatoid arthritis]].<ref>{{cite web |date=11 November 2019 |title=Celecoxib Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/celecoxib.html |website=Drugs.com |publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists}}</ref> [[SUGEN]], a company focused on [[protein kinase]] inhibitors, had pioneered the use of ATP-mimetic small molecules to block [[signal transduction]]. The [[SUGEN]] facility was shut down in 2003 by Pfizer, with the loss of more than 300 jobs, and several programs were transferred to Pfizer. These included [[sunitinib]] (Sutent), a cancer medication which was approved for human use by the FDA in January 2006.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2005-11-20/the-spirit-of-a-startup-lives-on |title=The Spirit Of A Startup Lives On |work=[[Bloomberg Businessweek]] |date=November 21, 2005}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/sanfrancisco/stories/2003/04/28/daily24.html |title=Pfizer expects to shutter South City biotech outpost |work=[[American City Business Journals]] |date=April 30, 2003}}</ref> A related compound, SU11654 ([[Toceranib]]), was also approved for [[cancer in dogs]], and the [[ALK inhibitor]] [[Crizotinib]] also grew out of a SUGEN program.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424053111904009304576532892704206326 |title=FDA Approves Pfizer Lung-Cancer Drug |first=Jonathan D. |last=Rockoff |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |date=August 26, 2011 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |doi=10.1016/B978-0-12-409547-2.12391-1 |chapter=Selective Kinase Inhibitors in Cancer |title=Comprehensive Medicinal Chemistry III |year=2017 |last1=Mortlock |first1=A.A. |last2=Wilson |first2=D.M. |last3=Kettle |first3=J.G. |last4=Goldberg |first4=F.W. |last5=Foote |first5=K.M. |pages=39–75 |isbn=978-0-12-803201-5}}</ref>

In October 2006, the company announced it would acquire PowerMed.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Barriaux |first=Marianne |date=October 9, 2006 |title=Pfizer buys vaccine developer PowderMed |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2006/oct/09/money5}}</ref>

On October 15, 2009, Pfizer acquired [[Wyeth]] for $68{{nbsp}}billion in cash and stock, including the assumption of debt, making Pfizer the largest pharmaceutical company in the world.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Sorkin |first1=Andrew Ross |last2=Wilson |first2=Duff |date=January 25, 2009 |title=Pfizer Agrees to Pay $68 Billion for Rival Drug Maker Wyeth |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/26/business/26drug.html |url-access=limited |issn=0362-4331 |authorlink1=Andrew Ross Sorkin |authorlink2=Duff Wilson}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=October 15, 2009 |title=Pfizer completes $67 billion deal for rival Wyeth |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/instant-article/idUSTRE59E4S320091015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Karnitschnig |first1=Matthew |last2=Rockoff |first2=Jonathan D. |date=January 23, 2009 |title=Pfizer in Talks to Buy Wyeth |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB123268511212809429 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name="worst">{{Cite news |last=Edwards |first=Jim |date=January 23, 2009 |title=The Pfizer–Wyeth Deal Worst-Case Scenario |work=[[CBS News]] |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/the-pfizer-wyeth-deal-worst-case-scenario/}}</ref><ref name="wyethpr">{{Cite press release |title=PFIZER COMPLETES ACQUISITION OF WYETH |url=https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer_completes_acquisition_of_wyeth |publisher=Pfizer |date=October 14, 2009}}</ref> The acquisition of Wyeth provided Pfizer with a [[pneumococcal conjugate vaccine]], trademarked [[Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine#Prevnar|Prevnar 13]]; this is used for the prevention of invasive pneumococcal infections. The introduction of the original, 7-valent version of the vaccine, developed by [[Wyeth]] in February 2000, led to a 75% reduction in the incidence of invasive pneumococcal infections among children under age{{nbsp}}5 in the United States. Pfizer introduced an improved version of the vaccine in 2010, for which it was granted a patent in India in 2017. Prevnar 13 provides coverage of 13 bacterial variants, expanding beyond the original 7-valent version.<ref name="wyethpr" /> By 2012, the rate of invasive infections among children under age{{spaces}}5 had been reduced by an additional 50%.<ref name="cdc.gov">{{Cite web |date=April 5, 2019 |title=CDC – ABCs: Surveillance Reports main page – Active Bacterial Core surveillance |url=https://www.cdc.gov/abcs/reports-findings/surv-reports.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Herper |first=Matthew |date=August 24, 2020 |title=In the race for a Covid-19 vaccine, Pfizer turns to a scientist with a history of defying skeptics – and getting results |url=https://www.statnews.com/2020/08/24/pfizer-edge-in-the-race-for-a-covid-19-vaccine-could-be-a-scientist-with-two-best-sellers-to-her-credit/ |website=[[Stat (website)|Stat]]}}</ref>

=== 2010–2020: Further discoveries and acquisitions ===
[[File:235 E42 St 2025 jeh.jpg|thumb|Former headquarters on 42nd Street]]
[[File:Pfizer World Headquarters (51921996957).jpg|thumb|Entrance to former Pfizer World Headquarters building (1961–2023)]]
In 2010, [[Ian Read]] was named [[chief executive officer]] of the company.<ref>{{Cite press release |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20190927005072/en/Ian-Read-to-Retire-as-Executive-Chairman-of-Pfizer%E2%80%99s-Board-of-Directors-Chief-Executive-Officer-Dr.-Albert-Bourla-Named-Chairman |title=Ian Read to Retire as Executive Chairman of Pfizer's Board of Directors; Chief Executive Officer Dr. Albert Bourla Named Chairman |publisher=[[Business Wire]] |date=September 27, 2019}}</ref>

In February 2011, Pfizer announced the closure of its UK research and development facility (formerly also a manufacturing plant) in [[Sandwich, Kent]], which at the time employed 2,400 people.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-12335801 |title=Pfizer to close UK research site |work=[[BBC News]] |date=February 1, 2011}}</ref> In March 2011, Pfizer acquired [[King Pharmaceuticals]] for $3.6{{nbsp}}billion in cash. King produced emergency injectables such as the [[EpiPen]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.modernhealthcare.com/article/20110301/NEWS/303019922/pfizer-closes-king-pharmaceuticals-acquisition |title=Pfizer closes King Pharmaceuticals acquisition |first=Maureen |last=Mckinney |work=[[Modern Healthcare]] |date=March 1, 2011}}</ref>

On September 4, 2012, the FDA approved [[bosutinib]] (Bosulif) for [[chronic myelogenous leukemia]] (CML), a rare type of [[leukemia]] and a blood and [[bone marrow]] disease that affects primarily older adults.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-pfizer-leukemia/fda-approves-pfizer-leukemia-drug-idUSBRE88314720120904 |title=FDA approves Pfizer leukemia drug |first=Anna |last=Yukhananov |work=[[Reuters]] |date=September 4, 2012}}</ref> In November 2012, Pfizer received approval from the [[Food and Drug Administration]] for Xeljanz, a [[tofacitinib]], for [[rheumatoid arthritis]] and [[ulcerative colitis]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/203214orig1s000toc.cfm |title=Drug Approval Package |publisher=[[Food and Drug Administration]]}}</ref> The drug had sales of $1.77{{nbsp}}billion in 2018, and in January 2019, it was the top drug in the United States for [[direct-to-consumer advertising]], passing [[adalimumab]] (Humira).<ref>{{Cite magazine |title=Pfizer switches RA patients to lower dose of fast-growing Xeljanz as safety issues arise in postmarketing study |url=https://www.fiercepharma.com/pharma/postmarketing-study-pfizer-switches-ra-patients-to-lower-xeljanz-dose-safety-concerns |magazine=Fierce Pharma |first=Eric |last=Sagonowsky |date=February 20, 2019}}</ref> In 2023, the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER) identified Xeljanz (tofacitinib) as one of five high-expenditure drugs that experienced significant net price increases without new clinical evidence to justify the hikes. Specifically, Xeljanz's wholesale acquisition cost rose by 6%, leading to an additional $72 million in costs to U.S. payers.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Institute for Clinical and Economic Review Announces Most Significant Drug-Price Hikes Unsupported by New Clinical Evidence in US |url=https://icer.org/news-insights/press-releases/icer-announces-most-significant-drug-price-hikes-unsupported-by-new-clinical-evidence-in-us/?mkt_tok=NjM4LVBYUi0zMTgAAAGYMxe5Fv3mzhJbiVnr0V4g2FUAcS3PgZOZSYRvQcW3_VFPXIet0TCD7bWAyVVeW2Q62e3AynO8rDpP8sIoIbs_qux8kQcMBBD4cDSe3Q |access-date=2025-02-06 |website=ICER |language=en-US}}</ref>

On February 1, 2013, [[Zoetis]], the Agriculture Division of Pfizer and later Pfizer Animal Health, became a [[public company]] via an [[initial public offering]], raising $2.2{{nbsp}}billion.<ref>{{Cite press release |title=Zoetis™ Files IPO Registration Statement |url=https://www.zoetisus.com/news-and-media/zoetis-files-ipo-registration-statement.aspx |publisher=[[Business Wire]] |date=August 13, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2013/02/01/shares-of-zoetis-surge-on-debut/ |last=J. de la Merced |first=Michael |title=Shares of Zoetis Surge on Debut |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=February 1, 2013 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Zoetis Raises $2.2 Billion in IPO |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323701904578276530830057770 |last=Dieterich |first=Chris |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |date=January 31, 2013 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/shares-of-animal-health-company-zoetis-soar-in-ipo/ |title=Shares of animal health company Zoetis soar in IPO |agency=[[Associated Press]] |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=February 1, 2013}}</ref> Later in 2013, Pfizer completed the [[corporate spin-off]] of its remaining stake in [[Zoetis]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323975004578498994013821124 |title=Pfizer to Spin Off Remaining Zoetis Stake |first=Peter |last=Loftus |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |date=May 22, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-pfizer-zoetis/pfizer-to-spin-off-zoetis-stake-to-shareholders-idUSBRE94L0JB20130522 |title=Pfizer to spin off Zoetis stake to shareholders |first1=Caroline |last1=Humer |first2=Ransdell |last2=Pierson |work=[[Reuters]] |date=May 22, 2013}}</ref>

In September 2014, the company acquired Innopharma for $225{{nbsp}}million, plus up to $135{{nbsp}}million in milestone payments, in a deal that expanded Pfizer's range of generic and injectable drugs.<ref>{{Cite magazine |url=https://www.fiercepharma.com/pharma/pfizer-completes-acquisition-of-innopharma |title=Pfizer Completes Acquisition Of InnoPharma |first=Emily |last=Wasserman |magazine=Fierce Pharma |date=September 29, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Pfizer to Acquire InnoPharma for Up to $360M |url=https://www.genengnews.com/news/pfizer-to-acquire-innopharma-for-up-to-360m/ |website=genengnews.com |date=July 16, 2014}}</ref>

On January 5, 2015, the company announced it would acquire a controlling interest in Redvax, expanding its vaccine portfolio targeting human [[cytomegalovirus]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Pfizer Buys Redvax, Boosting Vaccine Portfolio |url=https://www.genengnews.com/topics/drug-discovery/pfizer-buys-redvax-boosting-vaccine-portfolio/ |website=genengnews.com |date=January 5, 2015}}</ref> In February 2015, the company received approval from the [[Food and Drug Administration]] for [[palbociclib]] (Ibrance) for treatment of certain types of [[breast cancer]].<ref>{{cite journal|display-authors=3 |last1=Beaver |first1=Julia A. |last2=Amiri-Kordestani |first2=Laleh |last3=Charlab |first3=Rosane |last4=Chen |first4=Wei |last5=Palmby |first5=Todd |last6=Tilley |first6=Amy |last7=Zirkelbach |first7=Jeanne Fourie |last8=Yu |first8=Jingyu |last9=Liu |first9=Qi |last10=Zhao |first10=Liang |last11=Crich |first11=Joyce |last12=Chen |first12=Xiao Hong |last13=Hughes |first13=Minerva |last14=Bloomquist |first14=Erik |last15=Tang |first15=Shenghui |last16=Sridhara |first16=Rajeshwari |last17=Kluetz |first17=Paul G. |last18=Kim |first18=Geoffrey |last19=Ibrahim |first19=Amna |last20=Pazdur |first20=Richard |last21=Cortazar |first21=Patricia |title=FDA Approval: Palbociclib for the Treatment of Postmenopausal Patients with Estrogen Receptor–Positive, HER2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer |journal=Clinical Cancer Research |date=1 November 2015 |volume=21 |issue=21 |pages=4760–4766 |doi=10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-15-1185 |pmid=26324739 |s2cid=24762535 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/palbociclib-ibrance |title=Palbociclib (IBRANCE) |date=February 9, 2019 |publisher=[[Food and Drug Administration]]}}</ref> In March 2015, the company announced it would restart its collaboration with [[Eli Lilly and Company]] surrounding the [[Phase III trial]] of [[Tanezumab]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Pfizer, Lilly to Resume Phase III Tanezumab Clinical Program |url=https://www.genengnews.com/topics/drug-discovery/pfizer-lilly-to-resume-phase-iii-tanezumab-clinical-program/ |website=genengnews.com |date=March 23, 2015}}</ref> In May 2015, Pfizer and a [[Bar-Ilan University]] laboratory announced a partnership based on the development of medical [[DNA nanotechnology]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Gali |first=Weinreb |title=Pfizer to collaborate on Bar-Ilan DNA robots |work=[[Globes (newspaper)|Globes]] |url=https://en.globes.co.il/en/article-pfizer-to-collaborate-on-bar-ilan-dna-robots-1001036703 |date=May 14, 2015}}</ref> In June 2015, the company acquired Nimenrix and Mencevax, [[meningococcal vaccine]]s, from GlaxoSmithKline for around $130{{nbsp}}million.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Pfizer Buys Two GSK Meningitis Vaccines for $130M |url=https://www.genengnews.com/topics/drug-discovery/pfizer-buys-two-gsk-meningitis-vaccines-for-130m/ |website=genengnews.com |date=June 22, 2015}}</ref> In September 2015, Pfizer acquired [[Hospira]] for $17{{nbsp}}billion, including the assumption of debt.<ref>{{Cite press release |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20150903005752/en/Pfizer-Completes-Acquisition-of-Hospira |title=Pfizer Completes Acquisition of Hospira |publisher=Pfizer |via=[[Business Wire]] |date=September 3, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.thepharmaletter.com/article/pfizer-completes-17-billion-hospira-acquisition |title=Pfizer completes $17-billion Hospira acquisition |work=[[The Pharma Letter]] |date=September 4, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |first1=David |last1=Gelles |first2=Katie |last2=Thomas |title=Pfizer Bets $15 Billion on New Class of Generic Drugs |url=https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2015/02/05/pfizer-to-buy-hospira-a-drug-maker-for-15-2-billion-in-cash |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=February 5, 2015 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=8-K |url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/78003/000119312515037588/d866443d8k.htm |publisher=[[U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission]] |date=February 6, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite press release |title=Pfizer to Acquire Hospira |url=https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer_to_acquire_hospira |work=Pfizer |access-date=May 1, 2021 |archive-date=April 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210426025941/https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer_to_acquire_hospira |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Neilan |first=Catherine |title=Pfizer, Hospira share prices to soar after $17bn deal announced |url=https://www.cityam.com/pfizer-hospira-share-prices-soar-after-17bn-deal-announced/ |work=[[City A.M.]] |date=February 5, 2015}}</ref> [[Hospira]] was the largest producer of generic injectable pharmaceuticals in the world.<ref>{{Cite news |title=US-based Hospira to buy Orchid Chemicals' injectables biz for $400 mn |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/healthcare/biotech/pharmaceuticals/us-based-hospira-to-buy-orchid-chemicals-injectables-biz-for-400-mn/articleshow/5342003.cms |first1=Mohit |last1=Bhalla |first2=Khomba |last2=Singh |work=[[The Economic Times]] |date=December 16, 2009}}</ref> On November 23, 2015, Pfizer and [[Allergan]] announced a planned $160{{nbsp}}billion merger, in the largest pharmaceutical deal ever and the third largest corporate merger in history. The proposed transaction contemplated that the merged company maintain Allergan's [[Republic of Ireland]] domicile, resulting in the new company being subject to [[corporation tax]] at the relatively low rate of 12.5%.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Pfizer seals $160bn Allergan deal to create drugs giant |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-34900344 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=November 23, 2015}}</ref> The deal was to constitute a [[reverse merger]], whereby Allergan acquired Pfizer, with the new company then changing its name to "Pfizer, plc".<ref>{{Cite news |title=Pfizer to buy Allergan in $160 billion deal |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-allergan-m-a-pfizer/pfizer-to-buy-allergan-in-160-billion-deal-idUSKBN0TB0UT20151124 |first1=Ransdell |last1=Pierson |first2=Bill |last2=Berkrot |work=[[Reuters]] |date=November 24, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Pfizer to Acquire Allergan for $160B |url=https://www.genengnews.com/news/pfizer-to-acquire-allergan-for-160b/ |work=genengnews.com |date=November 23, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |first=Cynthia |last=Koons |title=Pfizer and Allergan to Combine With Joint Value of $160 Billion |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-11-22/pfizer-allergan-said-to-be-close-to-150-billion-merger |work=[[Bloomberg News]] |date=November 22, 2015 |url-access=limited}}</ref> On April 6, 2016, Pfizer and Allergan terminated the merger agreement after the [[Obama administration]] and the [[United States Department of the Treasury]] introduced new laws intended to limit [[corporate inversion]]s (the extent to which companies could move their headquarters overseas in order to reduce the amount of taxes they pay).<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bray |first=Chad |title=Pfizer and Allergan Call Off Merger After Tax-Rule Changes |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/07/business/dealbook/pfizer-allergan-merger.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=April 6, 2016 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Humer |first1=Caroline |last2=Banerjee |first2=Ankur |title=Pfizer, Allergan scrap $160 billion deal after U.S. tax rule change |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-allergan-m-a-pfizer-idUSKCN0X3188 |date=April 6, 2016}}</ref>

In June 2016, the company acquired Anacor Pharmaceuticals for $5.2{{nbsp}}billion, expanding its portfolio in both inflammation and immunology drugs areas.<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20160624005299/en/Pfizer-Completes-Acquisition-of-Anacor |title=Pfizer Completes Acquisition of Anacor |publisher=Pfizer |via=[[Business Wire]] |date=June 24, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Pfizer to Acquire Anacor Pharmaceuticals for $5.2B |url=https://www.genengnews.com/news/pfizer-to-acquire-anacor-pharmaceuticals-for-5-2b/ |website=genengnews.com |date=May 16, 2016}}</ref> In August 2016, the company made a $40{{nbsp}}million bid for the assets of BIND Therapeutics, which was in [[bankruptcy]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Pfizer Places High Bid of $40M for BIND Therapeutics |url=https://www.genengnews.com/news/pfizer-places-high-bid-of-40m-for-bind-therapeutics/ |website=genengnews.com |date=July 27, 2016}}</ref> The same month, the company acquired Bamboo Therapeutics for $645{{nbsp}}million, expanding its gene therapy offerings.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Pfizer Acquires Bamboo Therapeutics in a $645M Deal |url=https://www.genengnews.com/news/pfizer-acquires-bamboo-therapeutics-in-a-645m-deal/ |website=genengnews.com |date=August 1, 2016}}</ref> In September 2016, the company acquired cancer drug-maker [[Medivation]] for $14{{nbsp}}billion.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Pfizer to Acquire Medivation for $14B |url=https://www.genengnews.com/news/pfizer-to-acquire-medivation-for-14b/ |website=genengnews.com |date=August 22, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Pfizer to buy cancer drug firm Medivation for $14bn |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-37150531 |date=August 22, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite press release |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20160928005824/en/ |title=Pfizer Completes Acquisition of Medivation |publisher=OncoImmune |via=[[Business Wire]] |date=September 28, 2016}}</ref> In October 2016, the company licensed the anti-[[CTLA4]] monoclonal antibody, ONC-392, from OncoImmune.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.genengnews.com/topics/drug-discovery/oncoimmune-licenses-onc-392-to-pfizer-for-up-to-250m/ |title=OncoImmune Licenses ONC-392 to Pfizer for Up to $250M |work=genengnews.com |date=October 15, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20160915005151/en/OncoImmune-Announces-Option-and-License-Agreement-with-Pfizer-Inc. |title=OncoImmune Announces Option and License Agreement with Pfizer Inc. |publisher=Pfizer |via=[[Business Wire]] |date=September 15, 2016}}</ref> In November 2016, Pfizer funded a $3,435,600 study with the [[CDC Foundation]] to research "screen-and-treat" strategies for [[cryptococcal disease]] in [[Botswana]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2021-12-09 |title=CDC Foundation Active Programs October 1, 2020 – September 30, 2021 |url=https://www.cdcfoundation.org/CDCF-ActivePrograms-CDC-FY21?inline |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220115161004/https://www.cdcfoundation.org/CDCF-ActivePrograms-CDC-FY21?inline |archive-date=2022-01-15 |access-date=2022-08-06 |website=[[CDC Foundation]]}}</ref> In December 2016, Pfizer acquired [[AstraZeneca]]'s small-molecule antibiotics business for $1.575 billion.<ref>{{Cite press release |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20161222005395/en/Pfizer-Completes-Acquisition-of-Small-Molecule-Anti-Infective-Business-From-AstraZeneca |title=Pfizer Completes Acquisition of Small Molecule Anti-Infective Business From AstraZeneca |publisher=Pfizer |via=[[Business Wire]] |date=December 23, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Pfizer Buys AstraZeneca Antibiotics for Up to $1.575B |url=https://www.genengnews.com/topics/drug-discovery/pfizer-buys-astrazeneca-antibiotics-for-up-to-1-575b/ |website=genengnews.com |date=August 24, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |title=Pfizer grabs AZ antibiotics in $1.5B deal. Pre-split prep or just another sales-boosting buy? |url=https://www.fiercepharma.com/pharma/pfizer-grabs-az-antibiotics-1-5b-deal-pre-split-prep-or-just-another-sales-boosting-buy |first=Tracy |last=Staton |magazine=Fierce Pharma |date=August 24, 2016}}</ref>

In January 2018, Pfizer announced that it would end its work on research into treatments for [[Alzheimer's disease]] and [[Parkinsonism]] (a symptom of [[Parkinson's disease]] and other conditions). The company said about 300 researchers would lose their jobs.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Hiltzik |first=Michael | author-link=Michael Hiltzik |title=Pfizer, pocketing a big tax cut from Trump, will end investment in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's research |url=https://www.latimes.com/business/hiltzik/la-fi-hiltzik-pfizer-20180108-story.html |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=January 8, 2018 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> In July 2018, the [[Food and Drug Administration]] approved [[enzalutamide]], developed by Pfizer and [[Astellas Pharma]] for patients with [[castration]]-resistant [[prostate cancer]].<ref>{{Cite press release |url=https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/fda-approves-enzalutamide-castration-resistant-prostate-cancer |title=FDA approves enzalutamide for castration-resistant prostate cancer |publisher=[[Food and Drug Administration]] |date=July 13, 2018}}</ref> In August 2018, Pfizer signed an agreement with [[BioNTech]] to conduct joint research and development activities regarding [[mRNA]]-based [[influenza vaccine]]s.<ref>{{Cite press release |title=BioNTech Signs Collaboration Agreement with Pfizer to Develop mRNA-based Vaccines for Prevention of Influenza |url=https://biontechse.gcs-web.com/news-releases/news-release-details/biontech-signs-collaboration-agreement-pfizer-develop-mrna-based |publisher=[[BioNTech]] |date=August 16, 2018 |access-date=November 12, 2020 |archive-date=November 24, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124191744/https://biontechse.gcs-web.com/news-releases/news-release-details/biontech-signs-collaboration-agreement-pfizer-develop-mrna-based/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> In October 2018, effective January 1, 2019, [[Albert Bourla]] was promoted to [[chief executive officer]], succeeding [[Ian Read]], his mentor.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-pfizer-ceo/pfizer-to-replace-longtime-ceo-read-with-veteran-bourla-idUSKCN1MB29D |title=Pfizer to replace longtime CEO Read with veteran Bourla |first1=Tamara |last1=Mathias |first2=Ankur |last2=Banerjee |date=October 1, 2018 |work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Maidenberg |first=Micah |title=Pfizer Prepares for CEO Transition With Executive Suite Changes |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/pfizer-prepares-for-ceo-transition-with-executive-suite-changes-1539095075 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |date=October 9, 2018 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/who-is-albert-bourla-next-pfizer-ceo-2018-10 |title=Pfizer's CEO is stepping down after 8 years — meet the man who will be replacing him |last=Ramsey |first=Lydia |work=[[Business Insider]] |date=October 1, 2018 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Jarvis |first=Lisa M. |title=Pfizer unveils CEO succession plan |work=[[Chemical & Engineering News]] |url=https://cen.acs.org/pharmaceuticals/Pfizer-unveils-CEO-succession-plan/96/i40 |date=October 3, 2018}}</ref>
In July 2019, the company acquired Therachon for up to $810{{nbsp}}million, expanding its rare disease portfolio through Therachon's recombinant human fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 compound, aimed at treating conditions such as [[achondroplasia]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/trending/sWCcSrMgL8UmeCJXuuGp-w2 |title=Pfizer completes acquisition of Therachon to bolster rare disease drug portfolio |first=Ravikash |last=Bakolia |work=[[S&P Global]] |date=July 1, 2019}}</ref> Also in July, Pfizer acquired [[Array Biopharma]] for $10.6{{nbsp}}billion, boosting its oncology pipeline.<ref>{{Cite press release |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20190730005590/en/Pfizer-Completes-Acquisition-of-Array-Biopharma |title=Pfizer Completes Acquisition of Array Biopharma |publisher=Pfizer |via=[[Business Wire]] |date=July 30, 2019}}</ref> In August 2019, Pfizer merged its consumer health business with that of GlaxoSmithKline, into a [[joint venture]] owned 68% by GlaxoSmithKline and 32% by Pfizer, with plans to make it a [[public company]]. The transaction built on a 2018 transaction where GlaxoSmithKline acquired [[Novartis]]' stake in the GSK-Novartis consumer healthcare joint business.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-46616713 |title=GlaxoSmithKline and Pfizer merge healthcare arms |work=[[BBC News]] |date=December 19, 2018}}</ref> The transaction followed negotiations with other companies including [[Reckitt Benckiser]],<ref>{{Cite magazine |title=Reckitt Benckiser's still keen on a Pfizer OTC buy. But can it afford one? |url=https://www.fiercepharma.com/pharma/reckitt-benckiser-s-still-keen-a-pfizer-otc-buy-but-can-it-afford-one |magazine=Fierce Pharma |first=Carly |last=Helfand |date=October 16, 2017}}</ref> [[Sanofi]], [[Johnson & Johnson]],<ref>{{Cite magazine |title=Sanofi, J&J could join GlaxoSmithKline, Reckitt in $20B bidding war for Pfizer OTC: report |url=https://www.fiercepharma.com/pharma/sanofi-j-j-could-join-gsk-reckitt-20b-bidding-war-for-pfizer-otc-report |magazine=Fierce Pharma |first=Carly |last=Helfand |date=October 26, 2017}}</ref> and [[Procter & Gamble]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |title=GlaxoSmithKline eyes Pfizer's OTC unit. But will a buy imperil its dividend? |url=https://www.fiercepharma.com/pharma/glaxosmithkline-s-eyeing-pfizer-s-otc-unit-but-will-a-buy-imperil-its-dividend |magazine=Fierce Pharma |first=Carly |last=Helfand |date=October 25, 2017}}</ref> In September 2019, Pfizer initiated a study with the [[CDC Foundation]] to investigate the tracking of [[healthcare-associated infection]]s, scheduled to run through to June 2023.<ref name=":4" /> In December 2019, Pfizer awarded the CDC Foundation a further $1,948,482 to continue its [[cryptococcal disease]] screening and treatment research in nine African countries.<ref name=":4" />

===2020-onwards: pandemic, corporate development, and Trump tariffs ===
====COVID-19 and vaccine development====
In March 2020, Pfizer joined the COVID-19 Therapeutics Accelerator funding vehicle to expedite development of [[Treatment and management of COVID-19|treatments against COVID-19]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staines |first=Richard |date=2020-03-26 |title=Pharma giants including Novartis collaborate on COVID-19 therapies |url=https://pharmaphorum.com/news/collaborate-covid19-therapies/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220118165943/https://pharmaphorum.com/news/collaborate-covid19-therapies/ |archive-date=January 18, 2022 |access-date=2022-06-06 |website=Pharmaphorum -GB }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Advancing research into accessible coronavirus treatments |url=https://www.therapeuticsaccelerator.org/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210707230649/https://www.therapeuticsaccelerator.org/ |archive-date=July 7, 2021 |access-date=2022-06-06 |website=COVID-19 Therapeutics Accelerator }}</ref> The $125 million initiative was launched by the [[Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation]] in partnership with [[Mastercard]] and [[Wellcome Trust]], with additional funding announced shortly after from [[Chan Zuckerberg Initiative]], [[Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office|UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office]] and [[Madonna]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-03-10 |title=Announcing the COVID-19 Therapeutics Accelerator |url=https://www.gatesfoundation.org/ideas/articles/coronavirus-mark-suzman-therapeutics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220118165008/https://www.gatesfoundation.org/ideas/articles/coronavirus-mark-suzman-therapeutics |archive-date=January 18, 2022 |access-date=2022-06-06 |website=[[Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation]] }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Au-Yeung |first=Angel |date=2020-04-03 |title=A Bill Gates-Backed Accelerator For COVID-19 Therapeutics Treatment Partners With Madonna And Mark Zuckerberg's Chan Zuckerberg Initiative |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/angelauyeung/2020/04/03/a-bill-gates-backed-accelerator-for-covid-19-coronavirus-therapeutics-treatment-partners-with-madonna-and-mark-zuckerbergs-chan-zuckerberg-initiative/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220118165740/https://www.forbes.com/sites/angelauyeung/2020/04/03/a-bill-gates-backed-accelerator-for-covid-19-coronavirus-therapeutics-treatment-partners-with-madonna-and-mark-zuckerbergs-chan-zuckerberg-initiative/?sh=54ee18948067 |archive-date=January 18, 2022 |access-date=2022-06-06 |website=[[Forbes]] }}</ref>

The following month, the [[Foundation for the National Institutes of Health]] announced the Accelerating COVID-19 Therapeutic Interventions and Vaccines (ACTIV) public-private partnership to develop a coordinated research strategy for prioritizing and speeding up development of COVID-19 vaccines and pharmaceutical products.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Accelerating COVID-19 Therapeutic Interventions and Vaccines (ACTIV) |url=https://www.nih.gov/research-training/medical-research-initiatives/activ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220111042823/https://www.nih.gov/research-training/medical-research-initiatives/activ |archive-date=2022-01-11 |access-date=2022-06-19 |website=[[National Institutes of Health]] (NIH) }}</ref> Pfizer joined the partnership as an industry "leadership organization", and participated as a collaborator in ACTIV-led clinical trials.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-04 |author=University of Minnesota, International Network for Strategic Initiatives in Global HIV Trials (INSIGHT), University of Copenhagen, Medical Research Council, Kirby Institute, Washington D.C. Veterans Affairs Medical Center, AIDS Clinical Trials Group |title=A Multicenter, Adaptive, Randomized, Blinded Controlled Trial of the Safety and Efficacy of Investigational Therapeutics for Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04501978}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Wholley |first=David |date=2020-06-12 |title=Accelerating COVID-19 Therapeutic Interventions and Vaccines (ACTIV) |url=https://www.bio.org/sites/default/files/2020-06/ACTIV-BIO-webinar-6-12-20-final.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326054706/https://www.bio.org/sites/default/files/2020-06/ACTIV-BIO-webinar-6-12-20-final.pdf |archive-date=2022-03-26 |access-date=2022-06-18 |website=[[Biotechnology Innovation Organization]]}}</ref> CEO [[Albert Bourla]] attended the [[GAVI]] [[COVAX AMC]] 2021 Investment Opportunity Launch Event, otherwise named One World Protected, on April 15, 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=U.S. Department of State |last2=USAID |date=2021-04-15 |title=The Gavi COVAX AMC Investment Opportunity Launch Event Participant List |url=https://www.gavi.org/sites/default/files/covid/covax/Investment-Opportunity-Launch-Participant-List.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220821050428/https://www.gavi.org/sites/default/files/covid/covax/Investment-Opportunity-Launch-Participant-List.pdf |archive-date=2022-08-21 |access-date=2022-08-21 |website=[[Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance]]|author1-link=U.S. Department of State |author2-link=USAID }}</ref>

In Canada, Pfizer endorsed the use of a [[Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic|vaccine passport]] [[mobile app]] developed by CANImmunize in order to record and track status of COVID-19 vaccination.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Partners |url=https://www.canimmunize.ca/en/partners |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517111831/https://www.canimmunize.ca/en/partners |archive-date=2022-05-17 |access-date=2022-07-01 |website=CANImmunize }}</ref>

As the scale of the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] became apparent, Pfizer partnered with BioNTech to study and develop [[COVID-19]] mRNA vaccine candidates. Unlike many of its competitors, Pfizer took no initial research funds from the United States' [[Operation Warp Speed]] vaccine development program, instead choosing to invest roughly $2 billion of its own funds. Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla has said that he declined money from Operation Warp Speed to avoid government intervention, stating later that "when you get money from someone that always comes with strings. They want to see how we are going to progress, what type of moves you are going to do. They want reports. And also, I wanted to keep Pfizer out of politics, by the way."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Czachor |first=Emily |date=2020-11-09 |title=Pfizer Avoided R&D Funding From Trump's Operation Warp Speed Because of Bureaucracy, Politics |work=[[Newsweek]] |url=https://www.newsweek.com/pfizer-avoided-rd-funding-trumps-operation-warp-speed-because-bureaucracy-politics-1546110 |access-date=2021-05-18}}</ref>

In May 2020, Pfizer began testing four different [[COVID-19 vaccine]] variations using [[lipid nanoparticle]] technology provided by Canadian biotechnology company [[Acuitas Therapeutics]].<ref name=":22">{{Cite web |last=Bianchini |first=Elisabetta |date=2020-11-10 |title=Acuitas Therapeutics: The Canadian technology that the Pfizer and BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine 'can't work without' |url=https://ca.news.yahoo.com/covid19-vaccine-coronavirus-canada-acuitas-therapeutics-pfizer-biontech-211410040.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220930214712/https://ca.news.yahoo.com/covid19-vaccine-coronavirus-canada-acuitas-therapeutics-pfizer-biontech-211410040.html |archive-date=2022-09-30 |access-date=2022-09-30 |website=[[Yahoo! News]] -CA}}</ref> Vaccines were injected into the first human participants in the U.S. in early May. In July 2020, Pfizer and BioNTech announced that two of the partners' four [[Messenger RNA|mRNA]] vaccine candidates had won fast track designation from the [[Food and Drug Administration|FDA]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=DeArment |first=Alaric |date=2020-07-13 |title=Pfizer, BioNTech get fast-track from FDA for Covid-19 vaccines |url=https://medcitynews.com/2020/07/pfizer-biontech-get-fast-track-from-fda-for-covid-19-vaccines/ |access-date=2020-07-15 |website=MedCity News}}</ref> The company began Phase{{spaces}}II-III testing on 30,000 people in the last week of July 2020 and was slated to be paid $1.95{{spaces}}billion for 100{{nbsp}}million doses of the vaccine by the US government.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Pfizer Beats Forecasts as Vaccine Trial Enters Final Stage |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/pfizer-sales-fall-as-company-races-toward-covid-19-vaccine-11595936314 |website=The Wall Street Journal |date=July 29, 2020}}</ref> In September 2020, Pfizer and BioNTech announced that they had completed talks with the European Commission to provide an initial 200{{nbsp}}million vaccine doses to the EU, with the option to supply another 100{{nbsp}}million doses at a later date.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kilgore |first=Tomi |title=Pfizer, BioNTech conclude talks over supplying EU with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate |url=https://www.marketwatch.com/story/pfizer-biontech-conclude-talks-over-supplying-eu-with-sars-cov-2-vaccine-candidate-2020-09-09 |access-date=2020-09-10 |website=MarketWatch}}</ref>

On November 9, 2020, Pfizer announced that BioNTech's COVID-19 vaccine, tested on 43,500 people, was found to be 90% effective at preventing symptomatic COVID-19.<ref>{{Cite news |date=November 9, 2020 |title=Covid vaccine: First 'milestone' vaccine offers 90% protection |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/health-54873105}}</ref> The efficacy was updated to 95% a week later.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Kounang |first=Nadia |date=9 November 2020 |title=Pfizer and BioNTech say final analysis shows coronavirus vaccine is 95% effective with no safety concerns |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/11/18/health/pfizer-coronavirus-vaccine-safety/index.html |access-date=9 November 2020 |website=CNN}}</ref> Akiko Iwasaki, an immunologist interviewed by ''The New York Times'', described the efficacy figure as "really a spectacular number."<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Thomas |first1=Katie |last2=Gelles |first2=David |last3=Zimmer |first3=Carl |date=2020-11-09 |title=Pfizer's Early Data Shows Vaccine Is More Than 90% Effective |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/09/health/covid-vaccine-pfizer.html |access-date=2021-05-18 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The announcement made Pfizer and BioNTech the first companies to develop and test a working vaccine for COVID-19.<ref name=":1" />

Over the following month and a half, regulators in various countries approved Pfizer's vaccine for emergency use.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roberts |first=Michelle |date=2 December 2020 |title=Covid-19: Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine judged safe for use in UK |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/health-55145696 |access-date=2 December 2020 |website=[[BBC News]]}}</ref><ref name="Bahrain Approves Covid-19 Vaccine (Al Jazeera)">{{Cite news |date=4 December 2020 |title=Bahrain becomes second country to approve Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine |publisher=Al Jazeera |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/12/4/bahrain-becomes-second-country-to-approve-pfizer-covid-19-vaccine |access-date=11 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Austen |first=Ian |date=9 December 2020 |title=Canada Approves Vaccine and Could Start Shots Next Week |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/09/world/americas/canada-vaccine-approve.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=11 December 2020 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201211000426/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/09/world/americas/canada-vaccine-approve.html |archive-date=11 December 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=11 December 2020 |title=Saudi Arabia approves Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine as Bahrain plans to give the public free shots |work=KTLA |url=https://ktla.com/news/nationworld/saudi-arabia-approves-pfizer-covid-19-vaccine-as-bahrain-plans-to-give-the-public-free-shots/ |access-date=11 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Steenhuysen |first=Manas Mishra, Julie |date=11 December 2020 |title=U.S. FDA advisers overwhelmingly back authorizing Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-pfizer-vaccine/us-fda-advisers-wrestle-with-ethical-issues-linked-to-authorizing-pfizers-covid-19-vaccine-idUSKBN28K1O5 |access-date=11 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Thomas |first1=Katie |last2=LaFraniere |first2=Sharon |last3=Weiland |first3=Noah |last4=Goodnough |first4=Abby |last5=Haberman |first5=Maggie |date=2020-12-12 |title=F.D.A. Clears Pfizer Vaccine, and Millions of Doses Will Be Shipped Right Away |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/11/health/pfizer-vaccine-authorized.html |access-date=2020-12-12 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Abdullah |first=Zhaki |title=Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine approved by Singapore, first shipment expected by end-December |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/singapore/singapore-approves-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-phase-3-13769570 |date=December 14, 2020 |website=CNA |access-date=January 20, 2021 |archive-date=February 4, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204082015/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/singapore/singapore-approves-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-phase-3-13769570 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/ema-recommends-first-covid-19-vaccine-authorisation-eu |title=EMA recommends first COVID-19 vaccine for authorisation in the EU |website=[[Europa (web portal)|Europa]] |date=December 21, 2020}}</ref>

==== Controversy ====
In February 2021, after a year long investigation relying on unnamed officials, Pfizer was accused by [[The Bureau of Investigative Journalism]] (TBIJ) of employing "high-level bullying" against at least two [[Latin America]]n countries during negotiations to acquire COVID-19 vaccines, including requesting that the countries put sovereign assets as [[Collateral (finance)|collateral]] for payments.<ref name="bullied">{{Cite news |title=Investigation: Drugmaker 'bullied' Latin American nations |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/3/11/investigation-pfizer-bullied-latin-american-nations |website=[[Al Jazeera English]] |date=March 11, 2021}}</ref> According to TBIJ, these negotiation tactics resulted in a months long delay in Pfizer reaching a vaccine agreement with one country and a complete failure to reach agreements with two other countries, including [[Argentina]] and Brazil.<ref name="bullied"/>

In November 2021, TBMJ published an article after obtaining information from a [[whistleblower]] from the Ventavia Research Group. Ventavia was hired by Pfizer as a research subcontractor. A regional director (whistleblower) who was employed at Ventavia Research Group has told ''The BMJ'' that the company falsified data, unblinded patients, employed inadequately trained vaccinators, and was slow to follow up on adverse events reported in [[Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine#Clinical trials|Pfizer's pivotal phase III trial]]. The regional director, Brook Jackson, emailed a complaint to the US [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA). Ventavia fired her later the same day.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Thacker |first1=Paul |title=Covid-19: Researcher blows the whistle on data integrity issues in Pfizer's vaccine trial |url=https://www.bmj.com/content/375/bmj.n2635 |access-date=2 November 2021 |publisher=thebmj}}</ref> The [[European Medicines Agency]] (EMA) stated in a response to the [[European Parliament]], that "the deficiencies identified do not jeopardize the quality and integrity of the data from the main Comirnaty trial and have no impact on the benefit-risk assessment or on the conclusions on the safety, effectiveness and quality of the vaccine".<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/other/ema-reply-letter-members-european-parliament-ms-m-rivasi-mr-p-pedicini-ms-t-metz-concerning-covid-19_en.pdf |title=Reply letter on the Integrity of clinical data, additional clinical trials and studies, pharmacovigilance and mRNA COVID-19 vaccine safety |author=[[European Medicines Agency]] |date=3 December 2021 |access-date=2 February 2022}}</ref> ''[[Science-Based Medicine]]'' emphasized that Ventavia oversaw just three of the 153 clinical sites involved with Pfizer's trial and "a small fraction (~1,000 by the time the whistleblower was fired) of the trial's over ~44,000 subjects."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Gorski |first=David |author-link=David Gorski |date=November 8, 2021 |title=What the heck happened to The BMJ? |work=Science-Based Medicine |url=https://sciencebasedmedicine.org/what-the-heck-happened-to-the-bmj/ |access-date=May 16, 2023}}</ref>

On 10 October 2022, during a session of the [[European Parliament]]'s Special Committee on the COVID-19 Pandemic, Pfizer executive Janine Small testified that the company had not evaluated their [[Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine|COVID-19 vaccine]] for its ability to reduce transmission of the [[SARS-CoV-2]] virus prior to its release to the general public.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-10 |title=Special Committee on COVID-19 pandemic |url=https://multimedia.europarl.europa.eu/en/webstreaming/special-committee-on-covid-19-pandemic_20221010-1430-COMMITTEE-COVI |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221014010053/https://multimedia.europarl.europa.eu/en/webstreaming/special-committee-on-covid-19-pandemic_20221010-1430-COMMITTEE-COVI |archive-date=2022-10-14 |access-date=2022-10-14 |website=[[European Parliament]] Multimedia Centre }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=TN World Desk |date=2022-10-13 |title=Pfizer admits it did not know whether its Covid vaccine prevented transmission of virus when rollout began |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/world/pfizer-admits-it-did-not-know-its-covid-vaccine-prevented-transmission-of-virus-when-rollout-began-article-94836651 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20221013205522/https://www.timesnownews.com/world/pfizer-admits-it-did-not-know-its-covid-vaccine-prevented-transmission-of-virus-when-rollout-began-article-94836651 |archive-date=2022-10-13 |access-date=2022-10-14 |website=[[TimesNow]] }}</ref> Dutch MEP [[Rob Roos]] described the admission as "scandalous".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chung |first=Frank |date=2022-10-13 |title=Pfizer did not know whether Covid vaccine stopped transmission before rollout, executive admits |url=https://www.news.com.au/technology/science/human-body/pfizer-did-not-know-whether-covid-vaccine-stopped-transmission-before-rollout-executive-admits/news-story/f307f28f794e173ac017a62784fec414 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221014110736/https://www.news.com.au/technology/science/human-body/pfizer-did-not-know-whether-covid-vaccine-stopped-transmission-before-rollout-executive-admits/news-story/f307f28f794e173ac017a62784fec414 |archive-date=2022-10-14 |access-date=2022-10-14 |website=[[News.com.au]]}}</ref> CEO [[Albert Bourla]] was slated to attend, but withdrew.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bauer-Babef |first=Clara |date=2022-10-12 |title=Pfizer remains discreet about COVID vaccine purchase contracts |url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/coronavirus/news/pfizer-remains-discreet-about-covid-vaccine-purchase-contracts/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221013183554/https://www.euractiv.com/section/coronavirus/news/pfizer-remains-discreet-about-covid-vaccine-purchase-contracts/ |archive-date=2022-10-13 |access-date=2022-10-14 |website=[[Euractiv]] -GB}}</ref> Roos' statements in turn have been described as "misleading".<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 18, 2022 |first=Flora |last=Teoh |title=Scientific studies show that the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine reduces transmission; claim by Rob Roos is misleading |url=https://science.feedback.org/review/scientific-studies-show-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-reduces-transmission-claim-rob-roos-misleading/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240916075734/https://science.feedback.org/review/scientific-studies-show-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-reduces-transmission-claim-rob-roos-misleading/ |archive-date=September 16, 2024 |access-date=September 16, 2024 |website=Science Feedback |publisher=Health Feedback -GB}}</ref>

==== Development of oral antivirals ====
In November 2021, Pfizer launched a new COVID-19 oral antivirus treatment known as [[Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir|Paxlovid]]. In January 2022, the Pfizer CEO [[Albert Bourla]] confirmed that the trial results of a fourth dose were pending until March 2022. He said that the firm was setting up a collaboration to develop an anti-COVID pill treatment along with a French company, [[Novasep]]. He also said the COVID vaccine was "safe and efficient" for children.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.israelnationalnews.com/news/320624 |title=Pfizer CEO: Current wave will be last with so many restrictions |access-date=17 January 2021 |website=[[Israel National News]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.livemint.com/companies/news/pfizer-ceo-shares-some-good-news-on-covid-but-cautions-virus-could-circulate-for-years-11642405004050.html |title=Pfizer CEO shares some good news on covid but cautions virus could circulate for years |access-date=17 January 2021 |website=[[Mint (newspaper)|Mint]]}}</ref> In May 2022, reports emerged of patients experiencing "rebound" symptoms after completing a five-day course of Paxlovid.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Hopkins |first=Jared S. |date=2022-05-10 |title=Some Covid-19 Patients Relapse After Taking Paxlovid, Puzzling Doctors |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/some-covid-19-patients-relapse-after-taking-paxlovid-puzzling-doctors-11652186194 |access-date=2022-05-16 |issn=0099-9660}}</ref> The FDA responded by announcing they had performed additional analyses of the drug's clinical trial data, and decided against changing its recommendations.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farley |first=John |date=2022-05-04 |title=FDA Updates on Paxlovid for Health Care Providers |url=https://www.fda.gov/drugs/news-events-human-drugs/fda-updates-paxlovid-health-care-providers |journal=[[Food and Drug Administration]] }}</ref> U.S. President [[Joe Biden]] and Dr. [[Anthony Fauci]] were both reported to experience this rebound syndrome in the months that followed, while continuing to recommend the drug for those who may benefit from it.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Samuels |first=Fionna M. D. |date=2022-08-08 |title=What Is Paxlovid Rebound, and How Common Is It? |url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-is-paxlovid-rebound-and-how-common-is-it/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220818063840/https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-is-paxlovid-rebound-and-how-common-is-it/ |archive-date=2022-08-18 |access-date=2022-08-22 |website=[[Scientific American]] }}</ref>

==== Corporate developments and acquisitions ====
In September 2020, the company acquired a 9.9% stake in CStone Pharmaceuticals for $200{{nbsp}}million (HK$1.55{{nbsp}}billion), helping to commercialise its anti-[[PD-L1]] monoclonal antibody, CS1001.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Pfizer to buy 9.9% of CStone for $200 million, eyes collaboration |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-cstone-pfizer/pfizer-to-buy-9-9-of-cstone-for-200-million-eyes-collaboration-idUKKBN26L01D |work=[[Reuters]] |date=September 29, 2020}}</ref> In October 2020, the company acquired Arixa Pharmaceuticals.<ref>{{Cite magazine |url=https://www.fiercebiotech.com/biotech/pfizer-snaps-up-antibiotics-maker-arixa-and-its-oral-avycaz-follow-up |title=Biotech Pfizer snaps up antibiotics maker Arixa and its oral Avycaz follow-up |first=Amirah |last=Al Idrus |magazine=Fierce Pharma |date=October 22, 2020}}</ref> In November 2020, using a [[Reverse Morris Trust]] structure, Pfizer merged its off-patent branded and [[generic drug]] business, known as Upjohn, with [[Mylan]] to form [[Viatris]], owned 57% by Pfizer shareholders.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/pfizer-completes-combination-of-upjohn-and-mylan-viatris-to-begin-trading-on-nov.-17-2020 |title=Pfizer Completes Combination Of Upjohn And Mylan; Viatris To Begin Trading On Nov. 17 |work=[[Nasdaq]] |date=November 16, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.post-gazette.com/business/healthcare-business/2020/11/16/Mylan-merger-Upjohn-Viatris-bresch-coury-Pfizer-cost-cuts-generic-drugs/stories/202011160111 |title=Mylan completes merger with Upjohn to form Viatris |first=Patricia |last=Sabatini |work=[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]] |date=November 16, 2020}}</ref>

On January 5, 2021, Pfizer introduced a new [[logo]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bruell |first=Alexandra |title=Pfizer Introduces New Logo Playing Up Role in Drug Creation |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/pfizer-introduces-new-logo-playing-up-role-in-drug-creation-11609844400 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |date=January 5, 2021 |issn=0099-9660 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> In April 2021, Pfizer acquired Amplyx Pharmaceuticals and its anti-fungal compound [[fosmanogepix]] (APX001).<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.fiercebiotech.com/biotech/pfizer-buys-amplyx-to-grow-infectious-disease-pipeline |title=Pfizer buys Amplyx to grow infectious disease pipeline |first=Nick Paul |last=Taylor |magazine=Fierce Pharma |date=April 28, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/2021/04/28/pfizer-acquires-fungus-fighting-san-diego-biotech |title=Pfizer acquires fungus-fighting San Diego biotech |first=Jonathan |last=Wosen |work=[[The San Diego Union-Tribune]] |date=April 28, 2021}}</ref> In August, the company announced it would acquire Trillium Therapeutics Inc and its immuno-oncology portfolio for $2.3 billion.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/pfizer-buy-trillium-therapeutics-226-bln-deal-2021-08-23/ |title=Pfizer to buy cancer drug developer Trillium in $2.3 BLN deal |newspaper=Reuters |date=August 23, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biospace.com/article/releases/pfizer-to-acquire-trillium-therapeutics-inc-/?s=79 |title=Pfizer to Acquire Trillium Therapeutics Inc|date=August 23, 2021 }}</ref>

In March 2022, the company acquired [[Arena Pharmaceuticals]] for $6.7 billion in cash.<ref>{{Cite press release | url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20220310005794/en/Pfizer-Completes-Acquisition-of-Arena-Pharmaceuticals | title=Pfizer Completes Acquisition of Arena Pharmaceuticals | publisher=[[Business Wire]] | date=March 11, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Pfizer bets on Arena's promising bowel disease treatment in $6.7 bln deal |url=https://www.reuters.com/markets/deals/pfizer-acquire-arena-pharmaceuticals-67-bln-deal-2021-12-13 |work=[[Reuters]] |date=December 13, 2021 |access-date=December 13, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Pfizer to Acquire Arena Pharmaceuticals in $6.7 Billion Deal |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/pfizer-to-acquire-arena-pharmaceuticals-in-6-7-billion-deal-11639414813 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |last=Walker |first=Joseph |date=December 13, 2021 |access-date=December 13, 2021}}</ref> In June 2022, the company acquired ReViral Ltd, for up to $525 million, gaining access to experimental drugs used to combat [[respiratory syncytial virus]] infections.<ref>{{Cite news | url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/pfizer-buy-rsv-drug-developer-reviral-up-525-mln-2022-04-07/ | title=Pfizer boosts respiratory drug portfolio with ReViral purchase | newspaper=Reuters | date=April 7, 2022 | last1=Satija | first1=Bhanvi }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-10 |title=Pfizer acquires biopharma firm ReViral for up to $525m |url=https://www.pharmaceutical-technology.com/news/pfizer-acquires-biopharma-reviral/ |access-date=2022-06-10 |website=Pharmaceutical Technology }}</ref> In October 2022, the company acquired Biohaven Pharma and its [[calcitonin gene-related peptide]] programs for $11.6 billion.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.biospace.com/article/releases/pfizer-completes-acquisition-of-biohaven-pharmaceuticals/?s=110 | title=Pfizer Completes Acquisition of Biohaven Pharmaceuticals | date=October 3, 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{cite press release | url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20220510005676/en/ | title=Pfizer to Acquire Biohaven Pharmaceuticals | date=May 10, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.biospace.com/article/pfizer-drops-a-cool-11-6-billion-on-migraine-leader-biohaven-/?s=79 | title=Pfizer Drops a Cool $11.6B on Migraine Leader Biohaven | date=May 10, 2022 }}</ref> It also acquired Global Blood Therapeutics for $5.4 billion, boosting Pfizer's rare disease business.<ref>{{Cite press release | url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20221004006158/en/Pfizer-Completes-Acquisition-of-Global-Blood-Therapeutics%C2%A0 | title=Pfizer Completes Acquisition of Global Blood Therapeutics | publisher=[[Business Wire]] | date=October 5, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Rockoff |first=Jonathan D. |date=2022-08-08 |title=Pfizer Agrees to $5.4 Billion Deal for Global Blood Therapeutics |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/pfizer-reaches-5-4-billion-deal-for-global-blood-therapeutics-11659954601 |access-date=2022-08-08 |issn=0099-9660}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-08-08 |title=Flush with cash, Pfizer buys Global Blood Therapeutics in $5.4 billion deal |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/pfizer-buy-global-blood-therapeutics-54-bln-deal-2022-08-08/ |access-date=2022-08-08}}</ref>

In April 2023, Pfizer moved its world headquarters from [[42nd Street (Manhattan)|42nd Street]] in [[Midtown Manhattan]] to the Spiral at [[Hudson Yards (development)|Hudson Yards]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.crainsnewyork.com/health-care/pfizer-opens-global-headquarters-hudson-yards-empty-offices-reach-pandemic-levels |last1=D'Ambrosio |first1=Amanda |title=Pfizer opens global headquarters in Hudson Yards as empty offices reach pandemic levels |work=[[Crain Communications]] |date=April 3, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.fiercepharma.com/pharma/pfizer-moves-west-side-settling-down-swanky-new-digs-hudson-yards-spiral-skyscraper |last1=Liu |first1=Angus |last2=Kansteiner |first2=Fraiser |title=Pfizer moves on up to the West Side, establishing new nerve center at Hudson Yards' Spiral skyscraper |magazine=Fierce Pharma |date=April 4, 2023}}</ref>

In December 2023, the company acquired [[Seagen]], a pioneer of [[antibody–drug conjugate]]s for the treatment of cancer, for $43{{nbsp}}billion.<ref>{{cite news |last=Mishra |first=Manas |date=2022-03-13 |title=Pfizer signs $43 bln Seagen deal in cancer drug push |url=https://www.reuters.com/markets/deals/pfizer-buy-seagen-deal-valued-43-billion-2023-03-13/ |publisher=[[Reuters]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite press release | url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20231213759493/en/Pfizer-Completes-Acquisition-of-Seagen | title=Pfizer Completes Acquisition of Seagen | publisher=[[Business Wire]] | date=December 14, 2023}}</ref>

On Sept 30, 2024, Pfizer announced its intentions to sell 540 million Haleon shares whose worth is about  £2.1 billion ($2.8 billion)  according to Bloomberg calculations.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 1, 2024 |title=Pfizer to further reduce stake in Haleon, offers to sell 540 million share |url=https://www.business-standard.com/world-news/pfizer-to-further-reduce-stake-in-haleon-offers-to-sell-540-million-share-124100101515_1.html}}</ref>

In the third quarter of 2024, Pfizer reported $17.7 billion in revenue, a 32% year-over-year increase, driven by [[Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir|Paxlovid]] ($2.7 billion) and [[Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine|Comirnaty]] ($1.4 billion). Excluding COVID-19 products, core revenue grew 14% to $13.6 billion, led by [[Tafamidis|Vyndaqel]] sales (up 63%) and $854 million from legacy Seagen products. The company raised its 2024 revenue guidance to $61.0–$64.0 billion and adjusted diluted earnings per share to $2.75–$2.95. Pfizer remains on track for $5.5 billion in cost savings, with $4 billion expected by 2024 and $1.5 billion by 2027. Reported diluted earnings per share was $0.78, and adjusted diluted earnings per share was $1.06. The company ranks 69th on the [[Fortune 500|''Fortune'' 500]] of the same year.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-29 |title=Pfizer Delivers Strong Third-Quarter 2024 Financial Results and Raises 2024 Guidance |url=https://insights.pfizer.com/q324earnings/ |access-date=2025-04-02 |website=Pfizer Investor Insights |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== Partnership with Flagship Pioneering === 

In July 2024, Pfizer and Flagship Pioneering announced an "Innovation Supply Chain" partnership to co-develop 10 drug candidates. Each party committed $50 million upfront, leveraging Flagship’s ecosystem of over 40 startups to align with Pfizer’s priorities. Pfizer will fund the selected programs and has the option to license or acquire assets, with potential success milestones and royalties reaching up to $700 million per commercialized drug. Two programs, focused on [[obesity]] and [[Cardiovascular disease|cardiovascular diseases]], have already been initiated.<ref name=FBT>{{cite web |url=https://www.fiercebiotech.com/biotech/pfizer-flagship-return-obesity-part-latest-additions-multibillion-dollar-collaboration |title=Pfizer, Flagship return to obesity as part of latest additions to multibillion-dollar collaboration |author=James Waldron |website=Fierce Biotech |date=20 November 2024 |accessdate=16 March 2025}}</ref>

The partnership represents a new model in pharmaceutical R&D, focusing on early collaboration with startups to streamline drug development. For startups, the model provides an opportunity for early engagement with pharmaceutical companies, offering potential funding and reduced uncertainty in development programs.<ref name=FBT/>

=== Collaboration with Ignition AI Accelerator === 

In October 2024, Pfizer announced a partnership with the Ignition AI Accelerator, a collaborative initiative by [[Nvidia|NVIDIA]], Tribe, and Digital Industry Singapore (DISG). The collaboration aims using [[artificial intelligence]] to expedite [[drug discovery]] and development processes, improve operational efficiency, and streamline stakeholder engagement. The initiative also focuses on optimizing manufacturing processes, including improving yields and reducing cycle times.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pfizer partners with Ignition AI to enhance drug discovery |url=https://itbrief.asia/story/pfizer-partners-with-ignition-ai-to-enhance-drug-discovery|author=Kaleah Salmon|date=14 October 2024 |website=IT Brief |access-date=5 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Singapore’s Ignition AI Accelerator partners Pfizer to advance biopharma sector with AI |url=https://technode.global/2024/10/09/singapores-ignition-ai-accelerator-partners-pfizer-to-advance-biopharma-sector-with-ai/ |website=TNGlobal |date=9 October 2024 |access-date=5 April 2025}}</ref>

=== Expanding AI Collaboration for Clinical Trials with Saama === 

Saama and Pfizer reached an expanded multi-year agreement to integrate AI-driven solutions across Pfizer's R&D portfolio, building on their 2020 partnership. Initially the partnership focused on automating data review processes with the Smart Data Quality (SDQ) platform — developed during Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine trials — the partnership as of 2024 scales to streamline data review and accelerate regulatory submissions across global studies. The expanded collaboration introduces Saama’s Biometrics Research and Analysis Information Network, enabling faster statistical programming, biostatistics workflows, and submission-ready outputs.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Saama and Pfizer Expand Agreement to Integrate AI-Driven Data Solutions Across R&D Portfolio |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20240212789592/en/Saama-and-Pfizer-Expand-Agreement-to-Integrate-AI-Driven-Data-Solutions-Across-RD-Portfolio |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20241024202742/https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20240212789592/en/Saama-and-Pfizer-Expand-Agreement-to-Integrate-AI-Driven-Data-Solutions-Across-RD-Portfolio |archive-date=2024-10-24 |access-date=2025-04-07|date=2024-02-12}}</ref>

===Acquisition history===
{{hidden begin|border=1px #aaa solid|title=Pfizer acquisitions|ta1=center}}
{{Tree list}}
*Pfizer {{small|(Founded 1849 as Charles Pfizer & Company)}}
**[[Warner–Lambert]] {{small|(Acq 2000)}}
***William R. Warner {{small|(Founded 1856, merged 1955)}}
***Lambert Pharmacal Company {{small|(Merged 1955)}}
***Parke-Davis {{small|(Founded 1860, Acq 1976)}}
***Wilkinson Sword {{small|(Acq 1993, divested 2003)}}
***Agouron {{small|(Acq 1999)}}
**[[Pharmacia]] {{small|(Acq 2002)}}
***[[Pharmacia & Upjohn]] {{small|(Merged 2000)}}
****[[Pharmacia]] {{small|(Merged 1995)}}
*****Farmitalia Carlo Erba
*****Kabi Pharmacia
*****Pharmacia Aktiebolaget
****[[The Upjohn Company]] {{small|(Merged 1995)}}
****[[Monsanto]] {{small|(Merged 2000, divested 2002)}}
****[[G.D. Searle, LLC|Searle]] {{small|(Merged 2000)}}
**Esperion Therapeutics {{small|(Acq 2003, divested 2008)}}
**Meridica {{small|(Acq 2004)}}
**Vicuron Pharmaceuticals {{small|(Acq 2005)}}
**Idun {{small|(Acq 2005)}}
**Angiosyn {{small|(Acq 2005)}}
**Powermed {{small|(Acq 2006)}}
**Rinat {{small|(Acq 2006)}}
**Coley Pharmaceutical Group {{small|(Acq 2007)}}
**CovX {{small|(Acq 2007)}}
**Encysive Pharmaceuticals Inc {{small|(Acq 2008)}}
**[[Wyeth]] {{small|(Acq 2009)}}
***[[Chef Boyardee]] {{small|(Acq 1946, divested 1996 with food div)}}	
***S.M.A. Corporation
***Ayerst Laboratories {{small|(Acq 1943)}}
***Fort Dodge Serum Company {{small|(Acq 1945)}}
***[[Bristol-Myers]] {{small|(Animal Health div)}}
***[[Parke-Davis]] {{small|(Animal Health div)}}
***A.H. Robins
***Sherwood Medical {{small|(Acq 1982)}}
***[[Genetics Institute, Inc.]] {{small|(Acq 1992)}}
***[[American Cyanamid]] {{small|(Acq 1994)}}
***Lederle Laboratories
***[[Solvay S.A.|Solvay]] {{small|(Acq 1995, Animal Health div)}}
**[[King Pharmaceuticals]] {{small|(Acq 2010)}}
***Monarch Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
***King Pharmaceuticals Research and Development, Inc.	
***Meridian Medical Technologies, Inc.
***Parkedale Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
***King Pharmaceuticals Canada Inc.
***Monarch Pharmaceuticals Ireland Limited
**Synbiotics Corporation {{small|(Acq 2011)}}
**Icagen {{small|(Acq 2011)}}
**Ferrosan {{small|(Consumer Health div, Acq 2011)}}
**Excaliard Pharmaceuticals {{small|(Acq 2011)}}
**Alacer Corp {{small|(Acq 2012)}}
**NextWave Pharmaceuticals, Inc {{small|(Acq 2012)}}
**Innopharma {{small|(Acq 2014)}}
**Redvax GmbH {{small|(Acq 2014)}}
**Hospira {{small|(Spun off from Abbott Laboratories 2004, Acq 2015)}}	
***Mayne Pharma Ltd {{small|(Acq 2007)}}
***Pliva-Croatia	
***[[Orchid Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals Ltd.]] {{small|(Generics & Injectables div, Acq 2009)}}	
***Javelin Pharmaceuticals, Inc. {{small|(Acq 2010)}}	
***TheraDoc {{small|(Acq 2010)}}
***Arixa Pharmaceuticals {{small|(Acq 2020)}}
**Anacor Pharmaceuticals{{small|(Acq 2016)}}
**Bamboo Therapeutics {{small|(Acq 2016)}}
**[[Medivation]] {{small|(Acq 2016)}}
**[[AstraZeneca]] {{small|(Small molecule antibiotic div, Acq 2016)}}
**[[Array BioPharma]] {{small|(Acq 2019)}}
**Amplyx Pharmaceuticals {{small|(Acq 2021)}}
**Trillium Therapeutics {{small|(Acq 2021)}}
**[[Arena Pharmaceuticals]] {{small|(Acq 2022)}}
**ReViral Ltd {{small|(Acq 2022)}}
**Biohaven Pharma {{small|(Acq 2022)}}
***Kleo Pharmaceuticals, Inc. {{small|(Acq 2021)}}
**[[Seagen]] {{small|(Acq 2023)}}
***Cascadian Therapeutics {{small|(Acq 2018)}}
{{Tree list/end}}
{{hidden end}}