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==History== The site was first settled by [[James Harbeson]] and a band of [[Virginia]]ns in the final stages of the [[American Revolution]] {{circa|lk=no|1781}}. '''Harbeson's Fort'''<ref name=ren/> or '''Station'''<ref name=perryvillehistory>{{cite web | title = History of Perryville, Kentucky | publisher = Perryville Enhancement Project | year = 2006 | url = http://www.perryville.net/his_perryv.html | access-date = 2007-06-13 }}</ref> was located near a cave and spring to provide additional protection from [[Native Americans in the United States|Indian]] raids. The settlement's position beside the river and along roads leading to [[Harrodsburg, Kentucky|Harrod's Fort]], [[Louisville, Kentucky|Louisville]], [[Lebanon, Kentucky|Lebanon]], and [[Danville, Kentucky|Danville]] caused it to be renamed '''Harbeson's Crossing'''.<ref name=ren/> In 1815, Edward Bullock and William Hall laid out a new town at the site named for [[Commodore (U.S.)|Cmdr]]. [[Oliver Hazard Perry]], the hero of the 1813 [[Battle of Lake Erie]] during the [[War of 1812]]. Bullock started the post office the next year and the [[Kentucky Assembly|state legislature]] incorporated the city in 1817. <ref name=ren>Rennick, Robert. ''Kentucky Place Names'', [https://books.google.com/books?id=3Lac2FUSj_oC&pg=PA230 p. 230]. University Press of Kentucky (Lexington), 1987. Accessed 26 September 2013.</ref> In the late 1830s, a line of buildings next to the Chaplin River formed the basis of the village of Perryville. Now called "Merchants' Row," these buildings still stand.<ref name=perryvillehistory /> The early nineteenth century revived interest in classical education for the small town. Many institutions of higher learning, mostly all-women's colleges, were established, including the Ewing Institute, the [[Elmwood Inn|Elmwood Academy]], and Harmonia College. One of Harmonia College's graduates achieved national prominence {{ndash}} [[Carrie Nation]], the national [[temperance movement|temperance]] leader, boarded at the Karrick-Parks house while living in Perryville. As Nation "cleaned out" a number of local spots, it is believed that Perryville became the first location in the United States to exercise [[Local Option]] laws.<ref name=perryvillehistory /> In October 1862, the fields west of town were the site of the [[Battle of Perryville]], an important encounter in the [[American Civil War]] that ended the [[Confederate Heartland Offensive|Kentucky Campaign]] of [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] generals [[Braxton Bragg]] and [[Edmund Kirby Smith]]. The [[Perryville Battlefield State Historic Site|Perryville Battlefield]] is preserved as a [[state park]], and is the site of a [[American Civil War reenactment|reenactment]] of the battle every year.<ref name=reenactment>{{cite web | title = Perryville Reenactment | publisher = Perryville Historic Battlefield | year = 2007 | url = http://www.perryvillereenactment.org/ | access-date = 2007-06-13 }}</ref> In 1961, Perryville and the surrounding area was made part of a [[National Historic Landmark]] area. In 1973, the entire town of Perryville, because of the contribution the village has made toward [[American history]], was put on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].<ref name=perryvillehistory /> [[File:Perryville-Merchants-Row-ky.jpg|thumb|left|Merchants' Row, Perryville]]
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