Editing Peloponnese (section)

==Geography==
[[File:Kanal-Korinth-2011.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Corinth Canal]]]]
[[File:Arkadia idyll Peloponnese.jpg|thumb|Landscape in [[Arcadia (regional unit)|Arcadia]]]]
[[File:Nea Kios beach.jpg|thumb|View of the Argolic gulf, with Nafplio visible]]
The Peloponnese is a peninsula located at the southern tip of the mainland, {{convert|21,549.6|sqkm|mi2}} in area, and constitutes the southernmost part of mainland Greece. It is connected to the mainland by the [[Isthmus of Corinth]], where the [[Corinth Canal]] was constructed in 1893. However, it is also connected to the mainland by several bridges across the canal, including two [[submersible bridge]]s at the north and the south end. Near the northern tip of the peninsula, there is another bridge, the [[Rio–Antirrio bridge]] (completed 2004). The peninsula has a mountainous interior, although extensive lowlands are also found in the west, in the [[Evrotas Valley]] in the south, and in the [[Argolid Peninsula]] in the northeast. The Peloponnese possesses four south-pointing peninsulas, the [[Messenia]]n, the [[Mani Peninsula|Mani]], the [[Cape Malea]], and the [[Argolid Peninsula|Argolid]] in the far northeast of the Peloponnese. These peninsulas are separated by the [[Messenian Gulf]], [[Laconian Gulf]] and [[Argolic Gulf]]. Mount [[Taygetus]] in the south is the highest mountain in the Peloponnese, at {{convert|2407|m|ft}}. Οther important mountains include [[Mount Kyllini|Cyllene]] in the northeast ({{convert|2376|m|ft|abbr=on|disp=or}}), Aroania in the north ({{convert|2355|m|ft|abbr=on|disp=or}}), Erymanthos ({{convert|2224|m|ft|abbr=on|disp=or}}) and Panachaikon in the northwest ({{convert|1926|m|ft|abbr=on|disp=or}}), Mainalon in the center ({{convert|1981|m|ft|abbr=on|disp=or}}), and Parnon in the southeast ({{convert|1935|m|ft|abbr=on|disp=or}}). The entire peninsula is earthquake-prone and has been the site of many earthquakes in the past.

The longest river is the [[Alfeios]] in the west ({{Convert|110|km|mi|abbr=on|disp=or}}), followed by the [[Eurotas (river)|Evrotas]] in the south ({{Convert|82|km|mi|abbr=on|disp=or}}), and also the [[Pineios (Peloponnese)|Pineios]], also in the west ({{Convert|70|km|mi|abbr=on|disp=or}}). The Peloponnese, with its indented coasts, is home to numerous spectacular beaches, which are a major tourist draw.

Two groups of islands lie off the Peloponnesian coast: the [[Argo-Saronic Islands]] to the east, and the [[Ionian Islands|Ionian]] to the west. The island of [[Kythira]], to the south of the Peloponnese, is considered to be part of the Ionian Islands. The island of [[Elafonisos]] used to be part of the peninsula but was separated following the [[365 Crete earthquake|major quake of 365 AD]].

Since antiquity, and continuing to the present day, the Peloponnese has been divided into seven major regions: [[Achaea]] (north), [[Corinthia]] (northeast), [[Argolis]] (east), [[Arcadia (regional unit)|Arcadia]] (center), [[Laconia]] (southeast), [[Messenia]] (southwest), and [[Elis (regional unit)|Elis]] (west). Each of these regions is headed by a city. The largest city is [[Patras]] (pop. 170,000) in Achaia, followed by [[Kalamata]] (pop. 55,000) in Messenia.

===Climate===
Peloponnese for the most part enjoys a hot-summer [[Mediterranean climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]]: ''Csa''), while the [[Gulf of Corinth]] has a [[hot semi-arid climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]]: ''BSh'').<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.meteo.gr/Monthly_Bulletins.cfm|title=Monthly Bulletins|website=www.meteo.gr}}</ref> Rainfall is higher in the west coasts, while the east of the peninsula is significantly drier. Average annual temperatures can reach up to {{convert|20.3|C|F}} while summer highs reach over {{convert|36.0|C|F}} in [[Sparta, Laconia|Sparta]], within the [[Evrotas Valley]]. On 27 June 2007, [[Monemvasia]] registered a staggering minimum temperature of 35.9°C, which is the highest minimum temperature ever recorded in mainland [[Greece]] and [[Continental Europe]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://meteosearch.meteo.gr/data/index.cfm | title=Meteo search | publisher=[[National Observatory of Athens]] | accessdate=27 January 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://i.postimg.cc/7Lgdh9KX/35-9.png | title=June 2007 climatological summary Monemvasia NOA | publisher=[[National Observatory of Athens]] | accessdate=29 January 2024}}</ref> 

{{Weather box
| location = [[Patras]] Port (2008–2025)
| width = 70%
| metric first = yes
| single line = yes
|Jan high C=14.2
|Feb high C=14.9
|Mar high C=16.2
|Apr high C=19.6
|May high C=23.1
|Jun high C=27.4
|Jul high C=30.4
|Aug high C=31.5
|Sep high C=27.4
|Oct high C=23.5
|Nov high C=19.8
|Dec high C=16.0

|Jan mean C= 11.8
|Feb mean C=12.4
|Mar mean C=13.7
|Apr mean C=16.9
|May mean C=20.3
|Jun mean C=24.6
|Jul mean C=27.4
|Aug mean C=28.4
|Sep mean C=24.8
|Oct mean C=20.8
|Nov mean C=17.2
|Dec mean C=13.6

|Jan low C= 9.4
|Feb low C= 9.9
|Mar low C= 11.1
|Apr low C=14.1
|May low C=17.6
|Jun low C=21.7
|Jul low C=24.4
|Aug low C=25.2
|Sep low C=22.2
|Oct low C=18.0
|Nov low C=14.6
|Dec low C= 11.2

|Jan record high C  = 24.9
|Feb record high C  = 25.6
|Mar record high C  = 25.1
|Apr record high C  = 32.0
|May record high C  = 37.2
|Jun record high C  = 38.9
|Jul record high C  = 40.5
|Aug record high C  = 40.7
|Sep record high C  = 35.7
|Oct record high C  = 30.6
|Nov record high C  = 28.1
|Dec record high C  = 26.8
|Jan record low C   = 1.2
|Feb record low C   = -0.9
|Mar record low C   = 2.3
|Apr record low C   = 8.2
|May record low C   = 11.9
|Jun record low C   = 15.0
|Jul record low C   = 19.3
|Aug record low C   = 20.1
|Sep record low C   = 15.8
|Oct record low C   = 9.2
|Nov record low C   = 7.4
|Dec record low C   = 3.0
|rain colour = green
|Jan rain mm=108.1
|Feb rain mm=67.9
|Mar rain mm=71.2
|Apr rain mm=36.2
|May rain mm=22.4
|Jun rain mm=15.5
|Jul rain mm= 5.0
|Aug rain mm= 6.8
|Sep rain mm=41.5
|Oct rain mm=84.0
|Nov rain mm=111.1
|Dec rain mm=116.0

|source 1= [[National Observatory of Athens]] Monthly Bulletins (Jan 2008{{snd}}Jan 2025)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.meteo.gr/Monthly_Bulletins.cfm |title=Meteo.gr{{snd}}Προγνώσεις καιρού για όλη την Ελλάδα}}</ref> |source 2= Patras N.O.A station<ref>{{cite web |url=https://penteli.meteo.gr/stations/patra/ |title=Latest Conditions in Patras}}</ref> and [[World Meteorological Organization]]<ref name="WMOpatra">{{cite web |url=https://oscar.wmo.int/surface/#/search/station/stationReportDetails/0-300-1-patra |title=World Meteorological Organization |accessdate=14 July 2023}}</ref>
}}

{{Weather box|location = Monemvasia (2007–2025)
|metric first = y
|single line = y
| width = 70%
|Jan high C = 15.1
|Feb high C = 15.6
|Mar high C = 17.4
|Apr high C = 20.7
|May high C = 25.0
|Jun high C = 29.7
|Jul high C = 32.2
|Aug high C = 32.1
|Sep high C = 28.7
|Oct high C = 24.0
|Nov high C = 20.3
|Dec high C = 16.7

|Jan mean C = 12.8
|Feb mean C = 13.3
|Mar mean C = 14.7
|Apr mean C = 17.6
|May mean C = 21.5
|Jun mean C = 26.0
|Jul mean C = 28.7
|Aug mean C = 28.8
|Sep mean C = 25.6
|Oct mean C = 21.6
|Nov mean C = 18.1
|Dec mean C = 14.6

|Jan low C = 10.6
|Feb low C = 10.9
|Mar low C = 11.9
|Apr low C = 14.5
|May low C = 18.0
|Jun low C = 22.2
|Jul low C = 25.2
|Aug low C = 25.6
|Sep low C = 22.5
|Oct low C = 19.2
|Nov low C = 15.9
|Dec low C = 12.4

|Jan record high C = 22.4
|Feb record high C = 25.3
|Mar record high C = 25.8
|Apr record high C = 30.5
|May record high C = 35.3
|Jun record high C = 45.2
|Jul record high C = 42.7
|Aug record high C = 39.9
|Sep record high C = 38.3
|Oct record high C = 33.2
|Nov record high C = 31.4
|Dec record high C = 24.9
|Jan record low C = 2.1
|Feb record low C = 1.6
|Mar record low C = 4.2
|Apr record low C = 9.1
|May record low C = 12.1
|Jun record low C = 15.8
|Jul record low C = 18.4
|Aug record low C = 20.5
|Sep record low C = 16.7
|Oct record low C = 12.5
|Nov record low C = 8.9
|Dec record low C = 4.7
|rain colour = green
|Jan rain mm = 103.6
|Feb rain mm = 67.9
|Mar rain mm = 37.2
|Apr rain mm = 19.7
|May rain mm = 7.8
|Jun rain mm = 9.7
|Jul rain mm = 2.6
|Aug rain mm = 1.2
|Sep rain mm = 26.9
|Oct rain mm = 56.2
|Nov rain mm = 96.3
|Dec rain mm = 97.4
|source 1= [[National Observatory of Athens]] Monthly Bulletins (Apr 2007{{snd}}Jan 2025)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.meteo.gr/Monthly_Bulletins.cfm |title=Meteo.gr{{snd}}Προγνώσεις καιρού για όλη την Ελλάδα}}</ref>
|source 2= Monemvasia N.O.A station<ref>{{cite web |url=https://penteli.meteo.gr/stations/monemvasia/ |title=Latest Conditions in Monemvasia}}</ref> and [[World Meteorological Organization]]<ref name="WMO">{{cite web |url=https://oscar.wmo.int/surface/#/search/station/stationReportDetails/0-300-1-monemvasia |title=World Meteorological Organization |accessdate=14 July 2023}}</ref>
}}

{{Weather box
|location= [[Sparta, Laconia|Sparta]] 180 m a.s.l
|metric first=yes
|single line=yes
| width = 70%
|Jan high C=14.6
|Feb high C=15.9
|Mar high C=18.6
|Apr high C=23.0
|May high C=27.8
|Jun high C=32.8
|Jul high C=36.1
|Aug high C=36.0
|Sep high C=31.3
|Oct high C=25.5
|Nov high C=20.2
|Dec high C=16.0

|Jan mean C= 8.9
|Feb mean C= 9.9
|Mar mean C=12.1
|Apr mean C=15.6
|May mean C=20.0
|Jun mean C=24.8
|Jul mean C=27.9
|Aug mean C=27.7
|Sep mean C=23.9
|Oct mean C=18.6
|Nov mean C=14.0
|Dec mean C=10.2

|Jan low C= 3.1
|Feb low C= 3.9
|Mar low C= 5.6
|Apr low C= 8.1
|May low C=12.2
|Jun low C=16.8
|Jul low C=19.6
|Aug low C=19.7
|Sep low C=16.4
|Oct low C=11.7
|Nov low C=7.8
|Dec low C= 4.4

|rain colour = green
|Jan rain mm=124.4
|Feb rain mm=81.9
|Mar rain mm=60.6
|Apr rain mm=31.4
|May rain mm=24.7
|Jun rain mm=33.1
|Jul rain mm= 11.6
|Aug rain mm= 19.4
|Sep rain mm=51.4
|Oct rain mm=57.7
|Nov rain mm=89.0
|Dec rain mm=95.1

| Jan record high C = 23.5
| Feb record high C = 26.4
| Mar record high C = 27.2
| Apr record high C = 34.1
| May record high C = 40.7
| Jun record high C = 44.4
| Jul record high C = 44.2
| Aug record high C = 45.7
| Sep record high C = 40.3
| Oct record high C = 36.4
| Nov record high C = 30.8
| Dec record high C = 23.5

| Jan record low C = -5.3
| Feb record low C = -4.2
| Mar record low C = -4.6
| Apr record low C = -0.7
| May record low C = 6.2
| Jun record low C = 9.4
| Jul record low C = 14.2
| Aug record low C = 13.1
| Sep record low C = 9.1
| Oct record low C = 1.5
| Nov record low C = -1.7
| Dec record low C = -5.2

|source = [[National Observatory of Athens]] (Feb 2009{{snd}}Mar 2025),<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |url=https://www.meteo.gr/climate/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927081043/https://meteo.gr/climate/ |archive-date=27 September 2022 |title=Climate |publisher=National Observatory of Athens |language=el}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.meteo.gr/Monthly_Bulletins.cfm |title=N.O.A Monthly Bulletins}}</ref><br/>Sparta N.O.A station,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://penteli.meteo.gr/stations/sparti/ |title=Latest Conditions in Sparta}}</ref> [[World Meteorological Organization]]<ref name="W.M.O.">{{cite web |url=https://oscar.wmo.int/surface/#/search/station/stationReportDetails/0-300-1-sparti |title=WMO |accessdate=14 July 2023}}</ref>
}}