Editing Patroclus (section)

==Name==
The Latinized name Patroclus derives from the [[Ancient Greek]] ''Pátroklos'' ({{lang|grc|[[wikt:Πάτροκλος#Ancient_Greek|Πάτροκλος]]}}), meaning "glory of his father," from {{lang|grc|πατήρ}} (''patḗr'', "father" stem ''pátr''-) and {{lang|grc|κλέος}} (''kléos'', "glory"). A variation of the name with the same components in different order is ''[[wikt:Κλεόπατρος#Ancient_Greek|Kleópatros]]'', while the feminine form of the name is ''[[Cleopatra (given name)|Cleopatra]].''

There are at least three pronunciations of the name 'Patroclus' in English.<ref>Carey (1816) ''Practical English Prosody and Versification'', p. 125 fn</ref> Because the penultimate syllable is light in Latin prose (''pă′.trŏ.clŭs''), the antepenult was stressed in Latin and would normally be stressed in English as well, for {{IPAc-en|ˈ|p|æ|t|.|r|ə|.|k|l|ə|s}} (analogous to 'Sophocles').<ref>Bechtel (1908) ''Pronunciation''</ref> However, this pronunciation is seldom encountered: for metrical convenience, [[Alexander Pope]] had made the 'o' long, and thus stressed,  in his translation of Homer, following a convention of Greek and Latin verse, and that pronunciation – of Latin ''pa.trō′.clus'' – has stuck, for English {{IPAc-en|p|ə|ˈ|t|r|oʊ|.|k|l|ə|s}}.<ref>{{dict.com|Patroclus}}</ref> 
Moreover, because in prose, a penultimate Greco-Latin short ''o'' (omicron) would only be stressed in a closed syllable, the penult has sometimes been misanalysed as being closed (*pă.trŏc′.lŭs), which would change the English ''o'' to a short vowel: {{IPAc-en|p|ə|ˈ|t|r|ɒ|k|.|l|ə|s}}.<ref>{{Cite dictionary |url=http://www.lexico.com/definition/Patroclus |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200322182248/https://www.lexico.com/definition/patroclus |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 22, 2020 |title=Patroclus |dictionary=[[Lexico]] UK English Dictionary |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}</ref>