Editing Pantone (section)

==History==
Pantone began in New Jersey in the 1950s as the commercial [[printer (publishing)|printing]] company of brothers Mervin and Jesse Levine, M & J Levine Advertising.<ref>{{Cite web|title=How Pantone Became The Definitive Language Of Color|url=https://www.fastcompany.com/3050240/how-pantone-became-the-definitive-language-of-color|last=Budds|first=Diana|date=September 18, 2015|website=Fast Company|language=en-US|access-date=May 12, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=History of Pantone Inc. – FundingUniverse|url=http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/pantone-inc-history/|website=www.fundinguniverse.com|access-date=May 12, 2020}}</ref> In 1956, its founders, both advertising executives, hired recent [[Hofstra University]] graduate Lawrence Herbert as a part-time employee. Herbert used his chemistry knowledge to systematize and simplify the company's stock of [[pigment]]s and production of colored [[ink]]s; by 1962, Herbert was running the ink and printing division at a profit, while the commercial-display division was US$50,000 in debt; he subsequently purchased the company's technological assets from the Levine Brothers for US$50,000 ({{Inflation|USD|50,000|1962|r=-4|fmt=eq}}) and renamed them "Pantone".<ref>{{Citation | publisher = Funding universe | contribution-url = http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/Pantone-Inc-Company-History.html | title = Company histories | contribution = Pantone Inc. History}}.</ref>

The company's primary products include the Pantone Guides, which consist of a large number of small (approximately 6×2&nbsp;inches or 15×5&nbsp;cm) thin [[Paperboard|cardboard]] or [[plastic]] sheets, printed on one side with a series of related [[Color chart#Color selection chart|color swatches]] and then bound into a small "fan deck". For instance, a particular "page" might contain several yellows of varying [[tint]]s. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-05 |title=Every single Pantone Colour of the Year from 2000 – 2025 |url=https://www.housebeautiful.com/uk/decorate/g25463774/pantone-colour-of-the-year/ |access-date=2025-05-02 |website=House Beautiful |language=en-GB}}</ref>

The idea behind the PMS is to allow designers to "color match" specific colors when a design enters production stage, regardless of the equipment used to produce the color. This system has been widely adopted by graphic designers and reproduction and printing houses. Pantone recommends that PMS Color Guides be purchased annually, as their inks become yellowish over time.{{citation needed|date=June 2021}}<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stempkowski |first=Joy |title=When should you replace your Pantone guides? |url=https://www.pantone.com/articles/technical/graphics-system-edition-how-many-pantone-colors-are-you-missing/ |website=Pantone}}</ref> Color variance also occurs within editions based on the paper stock used (coated, matte or uncoated), while interedition color variance occurs when there are changes to the specific paper stock used.<ref>{{cite web | url= http://pantone.com/aboutus/aboutus.asp?idArticle=588&idPressRelease=190 | archive-url= https://archive.today/20130131020005/http://pantone.com/aboutus/aboutus.asp?idArticle=588&idPressRelease=190 | url-status= dead | archive-date= January 31, 2013 |access-date = February 23, 2007 | title=Pantone Press Release, 6 May 2004 | quote = Colors in the new formula guide and chips books have changed due to a shift to coated paper that is brighter and whiter}}.</ref>

=== Adobe dispute ===
In 2022, a dispute between Pantone and [[Adobe Inc.|Adobe]] resulted in the removal of Pantone color coordinates from [[Adobe Photoshop|Photoshop]] and Adobe's other design software, causing colors in graphic artists' digital documents to be replaced with black unless artists paid Pantone a separate $15 monthly subscription fee.<ref name="wired" /> Artists accused Pantone and Adobe of holding their work hostage.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Weatherbed |first1=Jess |date=1 November 2022 |title=You now have to pay to use Pantone colors in Adobe products |url=https://www.theverge.com/2022/11/1/23434305/adobe-pantone-subscription-announcement-photoshop-illustrator |access-date=2 February 2023 |website=The Verge}}</ref><ref name="wired" />