Editing Padstow (section)

==History==
[[File:Cross - panoramio (15).jpg|thumb|upright=0.75|Padstow war memorial]]
In English, Padstow was originally named {{lang|ang|Adelstow}} after [[Æthelstan]] who was reported by [[John Leland (antiquary)|John Leland]] to be 'chief governor of privileges onto it'.<ref>{{cite book|last=Whitaker|first=John|title=THE ANCIENT CATHEDRAL OF CORNWALL Historically Surveyed. Volume 1 of 2.|page=23|year=1804|publisher=John Stockdale, Picadilly|location=London, UK}}</ref> {{lang|ang|Adelstow}} was commuted into {{lang|ang|Petroc-stow}}, {{lang|ang|Petroc-stowe}}, or 'Petrock's Place', after the Welsh missionary [[Saint Petroc]], who landed at [[Trebetherick]] around AD 500. After his death a monastery (Lanwethinoc, the church of Wethinoc, an earlier holy man) was established here which was of great importance until {{lang|ang|Petroces stow}} (probably Padstow) was [[Viking activity in the British Isles|raided by the Vikings]] in 981, according to the ''[[Anglo-Saxon Chronicle]]''.<ref>Orme, Nicholas (2007) ''Cornwall and the Cross''. Chichester: Phillimore; p. 10 "[either Padstow or Bodmin] ... presumably by a Viking attack"</ref> Whether as a result of this attack or later, the monks moved inland to [[Bodmin]], taking with them the relics of St Petroc.<ref>Orme (2007); p. 10</ref> The cult of St Petroc was important both in Padstow and Bodmin.

Padstow is recorded in the ''[[Domesday Book]]'' (1086) when it was held by [[Bodmin Monastery]]. There was land for 4 ploughs, 5 [[villein]]s who had 2 ploughs, 6 smallholders and 24 acres of pasture. It was valued at 10 [[shilling]]s (half of a [[pound sterling]]).<ref>Thorn, C., et al., eds. (1979) ''Cornwall''. (Domesday Book; 10.) Chichester: Phillimore; entry 4,4</ref>
 
In the medieval period, Padstow was commonly called '''Aldestowe''' ('old place' in contrast to Bodmin, the 'new place').<ref>[[Charles Henderson (historian)|Henderson, C.]] "Parochial history [of] Padstow", in: ''Cornish Church Guide'' (1925). Truro: Blackford, pp. 173–74)</ref> or '''Hailemouth''' ({{lang|kw|heyl}} being Cornish for 'estuary'). The modern Cornish form {{lang|kw|Lannwedhenek}} derives from {{lang|Kw|Lanwethinoc}} and in a simpler form appears in the name of the Lodenek Press, a publisher based in Padstow.

Padstow had considerable importance in the middle ages as a manor belonging to Bodmin monastery and as the site of a safe haven (one of the few on the north coast). So it became a busy fishing port and the site of nine chapels in addition to the parish church. The manor was leased to the family of Prideaux by the last prior before the [[dissolution of the monasteries|dissolution]] in [[Henry VIII]]'s reign. The town prospered through trade with Ireland and the English and Welsh ports on the [[Bristol Channel]]. Later trade was the export of tin, copper, lead, slate, cured fish and dairy produce, as well as the importing of timber from Norway and Sweden, salt and wine from France, and hemp, iron and [[jute]] from Russia. The population in 1841 was 1,791.<ref>{{cite book |title=The National Cyclopaedia of Useful Knowledge |date=1848 |publisher=Charles Knight |location=London |page=Vol IV, p.969 |edition=First}}</ref>

In the first half of the 19th century it was a significant port of embarcation for emigrants, particular those bound for Canada. Later on a shipbuilding industry developed with five shipyards though by 1900 this had declined. The [[North Cornwall Railway]] reached [[Padstow railway station (England)|Padstow]] in 1899, a large hotel was built and there was a revival of the fishing industry.<ref name="Beacham, Peter 2014 p. 389">Beacham, Peter & Pevsner, Nikolaus (2014) ''Cornwall''. (The Buildings of England.) New Haven: Yale University Press; p. 389</ref>

The seal of the borough of Padstow was a ship with three masts, the sails furled and an anchor hanging from the bow, with the legend "Padstow".<ref>{{cite book|last=Pascoe|first=W. H.|title=A Cornish Armory|page=134|year=1979|publisher=Lodenek Press|location=Padstow, Cornwall|isbn=0-902899-76-7}}</ref>

The TV archaeology programme ''[[Time Team]]'' filmed in Padstow for the episode "From Constantinople to Cornwall," broadcast on 9 March 2008.

There are two [[stone crosses in Cornwall|Cornish crosses]] in the parish: one is built into a wall in the old vicarage garden and another is at [[Prideaux Place]] (consisting of a four-holed head and part of an ornamented cross shaft). There is also part of a decorated cross shaft in the churchyard.<ref>Langdon, A. G. (1896) ''Old Cornish Crosses''. Truro: Joseph Pollard; pp. 196–97, 396–98 & 407–10</ref>

During [[World War II]], in 1940, a single aircraft dropped some bombs on the town, one of which hit and demolished a terrace of houses in New Street, killing three.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ww2peopleswar/stories/80/a8346080.shtml |title= "When Bombs Fell" - The air-raids on Cornwall during WW2 : Part 2 - 1940 |website= WW2 People's war |publisher= BBC |access-date= 3 May 2021}}</ref>