Editing Ottoman Empire (section)

== Etymology ==
{{See also|Osman I#Name}}
The word ''Ottoman'' is a historical [[Anglicisation (linguistics)|anglicisation]] of the name of [[Osman I]], the founder of the Empire and of the ruling [[Ottoman dynasty|House of Osman]] (also known as the Ottoman dynasty). Osman's name in turn was the Turkish form of the Arabic name {{transliteration|ota|[[Uthman (name)|ʿUthmān]]}} ({{Lang|ota|عثمان}}). In [[Ottoman Turkish]], the empire was referred to as {{Lang|tr|Devlet-i ʿAlīye-yi ʿO<u>s</u>mānīye}} ({{Lang|ota|دولت عليه عثمانیه}}), {{lit|'''Sublime Ottoman State'''}}, or simply {{Lang|tr|Devlet-i ʿO<u>s</u>mānīye}} ({{Lang|ota|دولت عثمانيه‎}}), {{lit|'''Ottoman State'''}}.

The Turkish word for "Ottoman" ({{Lang|tr|Osmanlı}}) originally referred to the tribal followers of Osman in the fourteenth century. The word subsequently came to be used to refer to the empire's military-administrative elite. In contrast, the term "Turk" ({{Lang|tr|Türk}}) was used to refer to the Anatolian peasant and tribal population and was seen as a disparaging term when applied to urban, educated individuals.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ágoston |first=Gábor |title=Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire |date=2009 |editor-last=Ágoston |editor-first=Gábor |chapter=Introduction |editor-last2=Bruce Masters}}</ref>{{rp|26}}<ref>{{Cite book|last=Imber |first=Colin |title=The Ottoman Empire, 1300–1650: The Structure of Power |edition=2 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |place=New York |date=2009 |page=3 |quote=By the seventeenth century, literate circles in Istanbul would not call themselves Turks, and often, in phrases such as 'senseless Turks', used the word as a term of abuse.}}</ref> In the [[early modern period]], an educated, urban-dwelling Turkish speaker who was not a member of the military-administrative class typically referred to themselves neither as an {{Lang|tr|Osmanlı}} nor as a {{Lang|tr|Türk}}, but rather as a {{Lang|tr|Rūmī}} ({{Lang|ota|رومى}}), or "Roman", meaning an inhabitant of the territory of the former [[Byzantine Empire]] in the Balkans and Anatolia. The term {{Lang|tr|Rūmī}} was also used to refer to Turkish speakers by the other Muslim peoples of the empire and beyond.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kafadar |first=Cemal |date=2007 |title=A Rome of One's Own: Cultural Geography and Identity in the Lands of Rum |journal=Muqarnas |volume=24}}</ref>{{rp|11}}

In Western Europe, the names Ottoman Empire, Turkish Empire and Turkey were often used interchangeably, with Turkey being increasingly favoured both in formal and informal situations. This dichotomy was officially ended in 1920–1923, when the newly established [[Ankara]]-based [[Grand National Assembly of Turkey|Turkish government]] chose Turkey as the sole official name. At present, most scholarly historians avoid the terms "Turkey", "Turks", and "Turkish" when referring to the Ottomans, due to the empire's multinational character.<ref name="Soucek-2015">{{Cite book |last=Soucek |first=Svat |title=Ottoman Maritime Wars, 1416–1700 |date=2015 |publisher=The Isis Press |isbn=978-975-428-554-3 |location=Istanbul |page=8 |quote=The scholarly community specializing in Ottoman studies has of late virtually banned the use of "Turkey", "Turks", and "Turkish" from acceptable vocabulary, declaring "Ottoman" and its expanded use mandatory and permitting its "Turkish" rival only in linguistic and philological contexts.}}</ref>