Editing Oscar-class submarine (section)

==History==
The first submarine of Project 949 was [[Keel laying|laid down]] in the mid-1970s and was [[Ship commissioning|commissioned]] in 1980. In 1982 an updated and larger version (Project 949A) replaced the earlier version. In total fourteen submarines were constructed. The Oscar class was designed to attack [[NATO]] [[carrier battle group]]s using long-range [[P-700 Granit]] (SS-N-19 "Shipwreck") [[anti-ship missile]]s and targeting data provided by the {{Ill|EORSAT|it}} satellite system (via the submarine's "Punch Bowl" antenna).<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://faculty.fordham.edu/siddiqi/writings/p14_siddiqi_jbis_rorsat_1999.pdf |title=Staring at the Sea: The Soviet RORSAT and EORSAT Programmes |last=Siddiqi |first=Asif |pages=397–416 |journal=Journal of the British Interplanetary Society |volume=52 |number=11 |date=November 1999 |bibcode=1999JBIS...52..397S |access-date=2013-07-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103225054/http://faculty.fordham.edu/siddiqi/writings/p14_siddiqi_jbis_rorsat_1999.pdf |archive-date=2015-01-03 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://i.imgur.com/HsZrBR7.jpg |title=data |website=i.imgur.com |format=JPG |access-date=2016-08-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826133447/http://i.imgur.com/HsZrBR7.jpg |archive-date=2016-08-26 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.naval-technology.com/projects/oscar-submarine/|title=SSGN Oscar II Class (Project 949.A) (Kursk) – Naval Technology|work=naval-technology.com|access-date=2013-07-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130814030754/http://www.naval-technology.com/projects/oscar-submarine/|archive-date=2013-08-14|url-status=live}}</ref> In the financial problems that followed the [[fall of the Soviet Union]] the Oscar class was prioritized by the Russian Navy, and when many older submarine classes were retired the Oscar class remained active in both the [[Northern Fleet|Northern]] and [[Pacific Fleet (Russia)|Pacific Fleet]]s.

===Modernization===
The [[Rubin Design Bureau]] started working on Project 949A modernization in 2011, with Zvezdochka and [[Zvezda shipyard|Zvezda]] shipyards to carry out modernization of the vessels.<ref name=lenta.ru>{{cite web|url=https://lenta.ru/news/2011/12/12/antey/|title=Атомные подлодки проекта "Антей" пройдут перевооружение|website=lenta.ru|date=12 December 2011|access-date=4 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160311145931/https://lenta.ru/news/2011/12/12/antey/|archive-date=11 March 2016|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> In September 2015, Russian Defence Minister [[Sergey Shoygu]] announced during his visit to Zvezda shipyard, that at least three Oscar-class submarines will undergo repair and modernization to extend their service life by 20 years.<ref name=janes2015>{{cite web|url=https://www.janes.com/article/54981/russia-details-ambitious-effort-to-modernise-nuclear-powered-submarines-to-bolster-order-of-battle|title=Russia details ambitious effort to modernise nuclear-powered submarines to bolster order of battle|access-date=4 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151202012720/https://www.janes.com/article/54981/russia-details-ambitious-effort-to-modernise-nuclear-powered-submarines-to-bolster-order-of-battle|archive-date=2 December 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> The upgraded submarines will be known as "Project 949AM", according to the Russian officials. Modernization cost was estimated at RUB12 billion (US$182 million) per submarine.<ref name=janes2016>{{cite web|url=http://www.janes.com/article/60518/russia-initiates-multiyear-plan-to-modernise-oscar-ii-ssgns|title=Russia initiates multiyear plan to modernise Oscar II SSGNs|access-date=4 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160521135654/http://www.janes.com/article/60518/russia-initiates-multiyear-plan-to-modernise-oscar-ii-ssgns|archive-date=2016-05-21|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In September 2016, it was reported submarines K-132 ''Irkutsk'' and K-442 ''Chelyabinsk'' are currently being modernized to 949AM.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tass.com/defense/902925|title=Russia to upgrade only part of nuclear-powered Antey submarines|website=[[TASS]]|date=29 September 2016|access-date=4 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181230085828/http://tass.com/defense/902925|archive-date=30 December 2018|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> According to the Deputy Prime Minister of Russia [[Yury Borisov]], Russia's [[Pacific Fleet (Russia)|Pacific Fleet]] may get four modernized Oscar II-class submarines armed with Kalibr cruise missiles by 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tass.com/defense/988610|title=Russia's Pacific Fleet to get four upgraded nuclear subs by 2021|website=[[TASS]]|date=6 February 2018|access-date=4 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044405/http://tass.com/defense/988610|archive-date=6 March 2019|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>