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==Techniques== {{Unreferenced section|find=oil painting techniques|date=July 2024}} [[File:Palette knives.jpg|left|thumb|Thin blade used for the application or removal of paint. Can also be used to create a mixture of various pigments.]] Traditional oil painting techniques often begin with the artist sketching the subject onto the canvas with charcoal or thinned paint. [[Oil paint]] is usually mixed with linseed oil, artist grade [[mineral spirits]], or other [[solvent]]s to make the paint thinner, faster or slower drying. (Because the solvents thin the oil in the paint, they can also be used to clean paint brushes.) A basic rule of oil paint application is '[[fat over lean]]', meaning that each additional layer of paint should contain more oil than the layer below to allow proper drying. If each additional layer contains less oil, the final painting will crack and peel. The consistency on the canvas depends on the layering of the oil paint. This rule does not ensure permanence; it is the quality and type of oil that leads to a strong and stable paint film. Other media can be used with the oil, including cold wax, resins, and varnishes. These additional media can aid the painter in adjusting the translucency of the paint, the sheen of the paint, the density or 'body' of the paint, and the ability of the paint to hold or conceal the brushstroke. These aspects of the paint are closely related to the expressive capacity of oil paint. Traditionally, paint was most often transferred to the painting surface using [[paintbrush]]es, but there are other methods, including using [[Palette knife|palette knives]] and rags. Palette knives can scrape off any paint from a canvas and can also be used for application. Oil paint remains wet longer than many other types of artists' materials, enabling the artist to change the color, texture, or form of the figure. At times, the painter might even remove an entire layer of paint and begin anew. This can be done with a rag and some [[turpentine]] for a time while the paint is wet, but after a while the hardened layer must be scraped off. Oil paint dries by [[oxidation]], not [[evaporation]], and is usually dry to the touch within two weeks (some colors dry within days).
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