Editing October 13 (section)

==Events==
===Pre-1600===
*[[AD 54|54]] &ndash; Roman emperor [[Claudius]] dies from poisoning under mysterious circumstances. He is succeeded by his adoptive son [[Nero]], rather than by [[Britannicus]], his son with [[Messalina]].<ref name=Claudius>{{cite web |title=History – Claudius |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/claudius.shtml |website=BBC |access-date=8 February 2020}}</ref>
* [[409]] &ndash; [[Vandals]] and [[Alans]] cross the Pyrenees and appear in [[Hispania]].
*[[1269]] &ndash; The present church building at [[Westminster Abbey]] is consecrated.
*[[1307]] &ndash; Hundreds of the [[Knights Templar]] in France are [[Knights Templar#Arrests, charges and dissolution|arrested at dawn]] by [[Philip IV of France|King Philip the Fair]], and later confess under torture to heresy.
*[[1332]] &ndash; [[Rinchinbal Khan]] becomes the Khagan of the Mongols and Emperor of the Yuan dynasty, reigning for only 53 days.
*[[1399]] &ndash; Coronation of [[Henry IV of England]] at Westminster Abbey.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thoughtco.com/henry-v-of-england-1221268|title=Henry V of England|last=Wilde|first=Robert|date=March 17, 2019|website=ThoughtCo|access-date=October 5, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.westminster-abbey.org/abbey-commemorations/royals/henry-iv|title=Henry IV|website=Westminster Abbey|access-date=October 5, 2019}}</ref>
===1601–1900===
*[[1644]] &ndash; A Swedish–Dutch fleet defeats the Danish fleet [[Battle of Fehmarn (1644)|at Fehmarn]] and captures about 1,000 prisoners.
*[[1710]] &ndash; Port Royal, the capital of French Acadia, [[Siege of Port Royal (1710)|falls in a siege]] by British forces.
*[[1775]] &ndash; The Continental Congress establishes the [[Continental Navy]] (predecessor of the United States Navy).
*[[1792]] &ndash; In Washington, D.C., the cornerstone of the United States Executive Mansion (known as the [[White House]] since 1818) is laid.
*[[1793]] &ndash; French Revolutionary Wars: Austro-Prussian victory over Republican France at the [[First Battle of Wissembourg (1793)|First Battle of Wissembourg]].
*[[1812]] &ndash; War of 1812: Sir Isaac Brock's British and native forces [[Battle of Queenston Heights|repel an invasion of Canada]] by General Rensselaer's United States forces.
*[[1821]] &ndash; The [[Declaration of Independence of the Mexican Empire]] is publicly proclaimed.
*[[1843]] &ndash; In New York City, [[B'nai B'rith]], the oldest Jewish service organization in the world, is founded.
*[[1881]] &ndash; [[Revival of the Hebrew language#First Aliyah|First known conversation]] in modern Hebrew by [[Eliezer Ben-Yehuda]] and friends.
*[[1885]] &ndash; The [[Georgia Institute of Technology]] is founded in Atlanta, Georgia. 
*[[1892]] &ndash; Edward Emerson Barnard is first to discover [[206P/Barnard–Boattini|a comet by photographic means]].

===1901–present===
*[[1903]] &ndash; The Boston Red Sox win the [[1903 World Series|first modern World Series]], defeating the Pittsburgh Pirates in the eighth game.
*[[1908]] &ndash; [[Margaret Travers Symons]] bursts into the UK parliament and becomes the first woman to speak there.<ref name="Crawf2003">{{cite book|author=Elizabeth Crawford|title=The Women's Suffrage Movement: A Reference Guide 1866–1928|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a2EK9P7-ZMsC&pg=PA669|year= 2003|publisher=Routledge|isbn=1-135-43402-6|pages=669–670}}</ref>
*[[1911]] &ndash; [[Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn]], becomes the first Governor General of Canada of royal descent.
*[[1915]] &ndash; First World War: The [[Battle of the Hohenzollern Redoubt]] marks the end of the Battle of Loos.
*[[1917]] &ndash; The "[[Miracle of the Sun]]" is witnessed by an estimated 70,000 people in the [[Cova da Iria]] in Portugal.
*[[1921]] &ndash; Soviet republics sign the [[Treaty of Kars]] to formalize the borders between Turkey and the South Caucasus states.
*[[1923]] &ndash; [[Ankara]] becomes the capital of Turkey.
*[[1943]] &ndash; World War II: Marshal [[Pietro Badoglio]] announces that Italy has officially declared war on Germany.
*[[1944]] &ndash; World War II: The Soviet [[Riga Offensive (1944)|Riga Offensive]] captures the city.
*[[1946]] &ndash; France [[October 1946 French constitutional referendum|adopts]] the constitution of the [[French Fourth Republic|Fourth Republic]].
*[[1962]] &ndash; The Pacific Northwest experiences [[Columbus Day Storm of 1962|a cyclone]] the equal of a Category 3 hurricane, with winds above 150&nbsp;mph. Forty-six people die.
*[[1972]] &ndash; [[Aeroflot Flight 217]] crashes outside Moscow, killing 174.
*  1972   &ndash; [[Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571]] crashes in the Andes mountains. Twenty-eight survive the crash. All but 16 succumb before rescue on December 23.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.viven.com.uy/571/eng/historia.asp|title=Alive: The Andes Accident 1972|website=viven.com.uy|access-date=2017-04-10|archive-date=2008-07-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080723173545/http://www.viven.com.uy/571/eng/historia.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*[[1976]] &ndash; The first [[electron micrograph]] of an Ebola virus is taken at the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] by Dr. [[F. A. Murphy]]. 
*1976   &ndash; A [[Lloyd Aéreo Boliviano]] [[Boeing 707]] [[1976 Lloyd Aéreo Boliviano Boeing 707 crash|crashes]] after takeoff from [[El Trompillo Airport]] in [[Santa Cruz de la Sierra]], Bolivia, killing 91.<ref name="ASN">{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 707-131F N730JP Santa Cruz-El Trompillo Airport (SRZ) |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19761013-0 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050415155829/http://aviation-safety.net:80/database/record.php?id=19761013-0 |archive-date=15 April 2005 |access-date=2021-12-26 |website=aviation-safety.net |publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]]}}</ref> 
*[[1977]] &ndash; Hijacking of [[Lufthansa Flight 181]] by the [[Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine]].
*[[1983]] &ndash; [[Ameritech Mobile Communications]] launches the first US cellular network in Chicago.
*[[1990]] &ndash; Syrian forces attack free areas of Lebanon, removing General [[Michel Aoun]] from the presidential palace.
*[[1993]] &ndash; At least 60 people die in eastern Papua New Guinea when a [[1993 Finisterre earthquakes|series of earthquakes]] rock the Finisterre Range, triggering massive landslides.<ref name="USGS">{{cite web |title=M 6.9 – 47 km NNE of Kainantu, Papua New Guinea |url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/usp00061w1/executive |website=earthquake.usgs.gov |publisher=[[U.S. Geological Survey]] |access-date=11 October 2021}}</ref>
*[[2010]] &ndash; The [[2010 Copiapó mining accident|mining accident in Copiapó, Chile]] ends as all 33 trapped miners arrive at the surface after a record 69 days underground.
*[[2013]] &ndash; A [[2013 Madhya Pradesh stampede|stampede]] occurs in India during the Hindu festival ''Navratri'', killing 115 and injuring more than 110.
*[[2016]] &ndash; The [[Maldives]] announces its decision to withdraw from the Commonwealth of Nations.
*[[2019]] &ndash; Kenyan [[Brigid Kosgei]] sets a new world record for a woman runner with a time of 2:14:04 at the [[2019 Chicago Marathon]].<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|title=Brigid Kosgei smashes the world record by 81 seconds in winning the Chicago Marathon: 'I never believed that time (was possible)'|author=Phil Thompson |date=Oct 13, 2019|access-date=Oct 14, 2019 |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/sports/chicago-marathon/ct-chicago-marathon-womens-race-20191013-lsfb7swaajbpphtqd4p2pdzpwa-story.html}}</ref>