Editing Oakland, Illinois (section)

==History==
Oakland, formerly known as Independence, was platted in 1833.

Pioneer doctor and abolitionist Hiram Rutherford moved to Oakland in 1840 to start his practice in the young town. He became a prominent citizen. Rutherford is best known for his involvement in the 1847 [[Matson Trial]], which involved his friend [[Abraham Lincoln]]. A Kentucky slave owner, General Robert Matson, annually brought slaves to work on his land near Oakland. One year, a family of slaves ran away from the farm and took refuge with Rutherford and Gideon Ashmore. Matson sued the men for harboring slaves; Rutherford and Ashmore countered that the slaves could not legally be held in a free state. Rutherford attempted to have Lincoln represent him in the case, but Lincoln had already agreed to represent the slave owner. Matson, represented by Lincoln, lost the case in Coles County court.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.drhiramrutherford.com/ |title=Dr Rutherford reference |access-date=2020-04-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930021118/http://www.drhiramrutherford.com/ |archive-date=2007-09-30 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Rutherford's home and office, as well as other historic sites, are maintained and available for tours.

[[File:Dr. Hiram Rutherford House.jpg|thumb|left|200px|The home of Dr. Hiram Rutherford. He was an [[abolitionism|abolitionist]] in Oakland and friend of [[Abraham Lincoln]] and was involved in the 1847 [[Matson Trial]], where he was charged with harboring runaway slaves and found not guilty.]]