Editing Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan (section)

==Biography==

=== Early life ===

[[File:NFAKBurki.png|thumb|left|250px|[[Wajid Ali Khan Burki|General Burki]] and a young Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan (biting his thumb) pictured at a winter wedding in [[Jalandhar]] (1961)]]

Khan was born into a [[Punjabis|Punjabi]] [[Punjabi Muslims|Muslim]] family<ref>Arbor, Ann, University Musical society, Nusrat Fateh Ali khan, Michigan, 1993</ref><ref>Karla, S Virinder, University of Manchester, Punjabiyat and the music of Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Manchester, UK, 2014</ref> in [[Faisalabad|Lyallpur]] (present-day [[Faisalabad]]) in [[West Punjab]] in 1948. Khan's family belonged to [[Jalandhar]]; his ancestors had emigrated to Basti Sheikh Darvesh in Jalandhar at the end of the 12th century.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Asaro |first1=Guiseppe |title=A Voice From Heaven |url=https://www.asianstudies.org/publications/eaa/archives/a-voice-from-heaven-nusrat-fateh-ali-khan-2/ |website=Association for Asian Studies |publisher=The Association for Asian Studies}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hR8TAQAAMAAJ |title=The Herald |title-link= |publisher= |year=2007 |pages= |quote="Born into a family that has been associated with qawwali for the last 600 years...}}</ref> His ancestors learned music and singing there and adopted it as a profession.<ref>Arbor, Ann, University Musical society, Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Michigan, 1993</ref> He was the fifth child and first son of [[Fateh Ali Khan (Qawwali singer)|Fateh Ali Khan]], a musicologist, vocalist, instrumentalist, and [[Qawwali|qawwal]]. Khan's family, which included four older sisters and a younger brother, [[Farrukh Fateh Ali Khan]], grew up in central Faisalabad. The tradition of qawwali in the family has been passed down through successive generations for almost 600 years.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Herald|volume=38|issue=7–9|date=2007|quote=Born into a family that has been associated with qawwali for the last 600 years... |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hR8TAQAAMAAJ}}</ref> Initially, his father did not want Khan to follow the family's vocation. He had his heart set on Nusrat choosing a much more respectable career path and becoming a doctor or engineer because he felt qawwali artists had low social status. However, Khan showed such an aptitude for and interest in qawwali, that his father finally relented.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/music/Ustad-Nusrat-Fateh-Ali-Khan-A-tribute/Article1-733869.aspx |title=Ustad Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan: A tribute, Hindustan Times |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120106120836/http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/music/Ustad-Nusrat-Fateh-Ali-Khan-A-tribute/Article1-733869.aspx |archive-date=6 January 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

=== Early career ===

A young Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan joined his father’s qawwali party initially as a tabla player whilst continuing to learn the intricacies of singing.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=Unnati |date=2022-10-13 |title=Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan was Singing Buddha in Japan, Pavarotti in Paris, Islam spirit in London |url=https://images.dawn.com/news/1191003/nusrat-fateh-ali-khan-was-singing-buddha-in-japan-pavarotti-in-paris-islam-spirit-in-london |access-date=2025-02-22 |website=Images |language=en}}</ref> In 1964, after the death of his father Fateh Ali Khan, Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan became the lead singer of the qawwali party alongside his uncle Mubarak Ali Khan.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Qwal Gharana – LBF Virtual Museum |url=https://lbfvirtualmuseum.org/qwal-gharana/ |access-date=2025-02-22 |language=en-US}}</ref> The party also included Mujahid Mubarak Ali Khan, the son of Mubarak Ali Khan and the cousin of Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan.<ref name=":1" /> After the death of Mubarak Ali Khan in 1971, the party became known as ''Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Mujahid Mubarak Ali Khan & Party.''<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Noorani |first=Asif |date=2015-07-13 |title=REVIEW:Crossing all barriers: Nusrat by Pierre-Alain Baud |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1193983 |access-date=2025-02-22 |website=DAWN.COM |language=en}}</ref> As Nusrat’s prominence grew, the party eventually becoming recognized as Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan & Party.<ref name=":2" /> One of Khan's earliest public performances as leader of the family qawwali group was in March 1965, at a studio recording broadcast as part of an annual music festival organized by [[Radio Pakistan]], known as ''Jashn-e-Baharan''.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=2011-08-16 |title=Ustad Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan: A tribute |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/music/ustad-nusrat-fateh-ali-khan-a-tribute/story-ojvTi5T9zhRTRcwsT4WvPM.html |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20210519034723/https://www.hindustantimes.com/music/ustad-nusrat-fateh-ali-khan-a-tribute/story-ojvTi5T9zhRTRcwsT4WvPM.html |archive-date=2021-05-19 |access-date=2025-02-22 |work=Hindustan Times |language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-16 |title=Outlook India. Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan - 1988 interview. |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/art-entertainment/1988-interview-news-282000 |access-date=2025-02-24 |website=Outlook India |language=en}}</ref> The 1965 ''Jashn-e-Baharan'' performance drew praise from legends such as Bade Ghulam Ali Khan, Umid Ali Khan, Roshan Ara Begum, and Amanat Ali Khan.<ref name=":0" /> Khan sang mainly in [[Urdu]] and [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] and occasionally in [[Persian language|Persian]], [[Braj Bhasha]], and [[Hindi]]. Among Khan’s first major hits in [[Pakistan]] was the punjabi qawwali ‘''Ni Main Jana Jogi De Naal’'' which he composed and first performed live in 1971, with a studio version subsequently recorded in 1973.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kalra |first=Virinder S. |date=2014-07-03 |title=Punjabiyat and the music of Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/19438192.2014.912464 |journal=South Asian Diaspora |language=en |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=179–192 |doi=10.1080/19438192.2014.912464 |issn=1943-8192}}</ref> The lyrics to ''Ni Main Jana Jogi De Naal’'' were written by Bulleh Shah, a 17th century Sufi poet.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Closer Look at Qawwali: Interview with Farina Mir |url=https://ums.org/2014/03/17/a-closer-look-at-qawwali-interview-with-farina-mir/ |access-date=2025-02-22 |website=University Musical Society |language=en-US}}</ref> Another of Khan's early hits in [[Pakistan]] was the qawaali '<nowiki/>''Haq Ali Ali''' which featured restrained use of his [[Sargam (music)|sargam]] improvisations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://global.ptv.com.pk/NusratFatehAliKhan.asp|title=Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan Profile on PTV|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140512222325/http://global.ptv.com.pk/NusratFatehAliKhan.asp|archive-date=12 May 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Akhtar |first=Suleman |date=2014-08-16 |title=Remembering Ustad Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan: The man who gave life to qawwali |url=https://tribune.com.pk/article/23689/remembering-ustad-nusrat-fateh-ali-khan-the-man-who-gave-life-to-qawwali |access-date=2025-02-22 |website=The Express Tribune |language=en}}</ref>

===1980s===

In the summer of 1985, Khan performed at the [[World of Music, Arts and Dance]] (WOMAD) festival in [[London]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.asianmonth.com/prize/english/winner/07_04.html |title=Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan – The 7th Fukuoka Asian Culture Prizes 1996__Arts and Culture Prize |website=Asianmonth.com |access-date=19 November 2012 |archive-date=7 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120507081112/http://asianmonth.com/prize/english/winner/07_04.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> He performed in [[Paris]] in 1985 and 1988. He first visited [[Japan]] in 1987 at the invitation of the [[Japan Foundation]]. He performed at the 5th Asian Traditional Performing Art Festival in Japan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nusratonline.com/blog/nusart-fateh-ali-khan-live-at-national-theatre-tokyo-1987-part-1/|title=Nusrat Online Blog {{!}} Nusart Fateh Ali Khan – Live At National Theatre Tokyo, 1987 Part 1|website=Nusratonline.com|date=30 October 2012 |language=en-US|access-date=2018-01-31}}</ref> He also performed at the [[Brooklyn Academy of Music]] in New York, in 1989, earning him admiration from the American audience.<ref name=Manheim>{{cite book|title=Lives and Legacies: Artists, Writers, and Musicians|year=2001|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-1573561549|page=[https://archive.org/details/artistswritersmu0000unse/page/105 105]|author=Manheim|editor1=Michel Andre Bossy|editor-first2=Thomas|editor-last2=Brothers|editor-first3=John C.|editor-last3=McEnore|url=https://archive.org/details/artistswritersmu0000unse/page/105}}</ref>

In 1988, Khan teamed up with [[Peter Gabriel]] on the [[Passion (Peter Gabriel album)|soundtrack]] to ''[[The Last Temptation of Christ (film)|The Last Temptation of Christ]]'', which led to Khan being signed to Gabriel's [[Real World Records|Real World]] label.

In 1989, commissioned by Oriental Star Agencies Ltd in Birmingham, UK, Khan collaborated at [[Zella Recording Studios]] with composer [[Andrew Kristy]] and producer [[Johnny Haynes]] on a series of 'fusion' tracks that propelled Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan and Party into the Channel 4 Christmas Special of "[[Big World Cafe|Big World Café]]." While in the UK in 1989, Khan and his party performed Sikh devotional music at a Sikh Gurdwara in Slough, continuing a tradition of Muslims performing hymns at Sikh temples.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Virinder Kalra - when Nusrat came to Slough UKPHA &#124; South Asian Heritage Month |url=https://www.keepingwellsel.nhs.uk/about/events/event-details?occurrenceID=3668}}</ref>

=== 1990s ===

Following this, in 1990, the BBC devoted a programme of its series ''Network East'' to this collaboration, and Big World Café invited Khan, Andrew Kristy, and violinist [[Nigel Kennedy]] to perform Allah Hoo live on the show.  A UK tour performing these new fusion tracks happened in 1990.

In the 1992 -1993 academic year, Khan was a visiting artist in the [[Ethnomusicology]] department at the [[University of Washington]], [[Seattle]], [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]], United States.<ref name="washington1">{{cite web |url=http://www.music.washington.edu/ethno/nusrat.html |title=Official biography, University of Washington |website=Music.washington.edu |date=16 August 1997 |access-date=16 December 2011 |archive-date=21 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221171600/http://www.music.washington.edu/ethno/nusrat.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Khan released five albums of traditional qawwali through Real World, along with the more experimental albums ''[[Mustt Mustt]]'' (1990), ''[[Night Song (Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan album)|Night Song]]'' (1996), and the posthumous remix album ''[[Star Rise]]'' (1997).<ref>{{cite web |date=5 January 2008 |title=Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan & Michael Brook: Mustt Mustt & Night Song |url=http://www.allaboutjazz.com/php/article.php?id=28018 |access-date=16 December 2011 |website=Allaboutjazz.com}}</ref> Khan's experimental work for Real World, which featured his collaborations with the Canadian guitarist [[Michael Brook]], led to several further collaborations with other Western composers and rock musicians. One of these collaborations occurred in 1995, when Khan teamed up with [[Pearl Jam]]'s lead singer [[Eddie Vedder]] on two songs for the soundtrack to ''[[Dead Man Walking (soundtrack)|Dead Man Walking]]''. Khan also provided vocals for ''[[The Prayer Cycle]]'', which was put together by [[Jonathan Elias]], but died before the tracks could be completed. [[Alanis Morissette]] was brought in to sing alongside his unfinished vocals. In 2002, Gabriel included Khan's vocals on the track "Signal to Noise" on his album ''[[Up (Peter Gabriel album)|Up]]''.

Khan was the main performer at [[Imran Khan]]'s charity appeal concert at the [[InterContinental London Park Lane|InterContinental London Park Lane Hotel]] on December 3, 1992<ref>{{cite web |date=23 April 2016 |title=Imran Khan Cancer Charity Appeal Concert - Ustad Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan - OSA Official HD Video |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m5iZVFZyrJ8 |website=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> to raise funds for [[Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre]], a cancer hospital built in Imran's mother's name which provides free services.<ref>{{cite web |title=1992: When India's Amitabh promised to help and 'be there' for Pakistan's Imran Khan |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/539750-a-memorable-meeting-of-amitabh-bachan-and-imran-khan}}</ref> The audience included [[Peter Gabriel]], [[Elizabeth Hurley]], [[Mick Jagger]], and [[Amitabh Bachchan]].<ref>{{cite web |title=1992: When India's Amitabh promised to help and 'be there' for Pakistan's Imran Khan |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/539750-a-memorable-meeting-of-amitabh-bachan-and-imran-khan}}</ref>

Khan's album ''[[Intoxicated Spirit]]'' was nominated for a [[Grammy Award for Best Traditional Folk Album]] in 1997. That same year, his album ''Night Song'' was also nominated for a [[Grammy Award for Best World Music Album]].<ref name="philly">{{cite news|url=http://articles.philly.com/1997-01-08/entertainment/25559354_1_three-nominations-rap-album-shoop-shoop/8|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726010027/http://articles.philly.com/1997-01-08/entertainment/25559354_1_three-nominations-rap-album-shoop-shoop/8|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 July 2011|title=Babyface Captures 12 Grammy Nominations He Equaled A Mark Set By Michael Jackson. Awards Will Be Given Out February 26.|first=Tom|last=Moon|date=8 January 1997|access-date=4 February 2011|work=The Philadelphia Inquirer|publisher=Philadelphia Media Holdings|page=8}}</ref>

Khan contributed the song "Gurus of Peace" to the 1997 album ''[[Vande Mataram (album)|Vande Mataram]]'', composed by [[A. R. Rahman]], and released to celebrate the 50th anniversary of India's independence. As a posthumous tribute, Rahman later released an album titled ''Gurus of Peace'' which included "Allah Hoo" by Khan. Rahman's 2007 song "[[Tere Bina (song)|Tere Bina]]" for the film ''[[Guru (2007 film)|Guru]]'' was also composed as a tribute to Khan.<ref>{{cite news |date=22 December 2006 |title=Rahman on how the music of ''Guru'' was born |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1061222/asp/etc/story_7144101.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070224121035/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1061222/asp/etc/story_7144101.asp |archive-date=24 February 2007 |access-date=18 February 2007 |work=The Telegraph}}</ref>

Khan contributed songs to, and performed in, several [[Pakistani films]]. Shortly before his death, he composed music for three [[Bollywood]] films, which include the film ''[[Aur Pyaar Ho Gaya]]'', in which he also sang  "Koi Jaane Koi Na Jaane" on-screen with the lead pair, and "Zindagi Jhoom Kar." He also composed music for ''[[Kartoos]]'', where he sang for "Ishq Da Rutba" and "Bahaa Na Aansoo" alongside [[Udit Narayan]]. He died shortly before the movie's release. His final [[Music of Bollywood|music composition for Bollywood]] was for the movie ''[[Kachche Dhaage]]'', where he sang  "Iss Shaan-E-Karam Ka Kya Kehna." The movie was released in 1999, two years after his death. [[Asha Bhosle]] and [[Lata Mangeshkar]] performed the songs he composed in his brief stint in Bollywood. He also sang "Saya Bhi Saath Jab Chhod Jaye" for [[Sunny Deol]]'s movie ''[[Dillagi (1999 film)|Dillagi]]''. The song was released in 1999, two years after Khan's death. He also sang "Dulhe Ka Sehra" from the Bollywood movie ''[[Dhadkan (2000 film)|Dhadkan]]'' ,which was released in 2000.