Editing North Carolina State University (section)

==History==
{{main|History of North Carolina State University}}
[[File:NCSU-Freshmen 1889.JPG|thumb|right|First freshman class at North Carolina College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts in 1889]]
The [[North Carolina General Assembly]] founded NC State on March 7, 1887, as a [[land-grant university|land-grant college]] under the name "North Carolina College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts," or "North Carolina A&M" for short.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://onboarding.ncsu.edu/nc-state-university-history-fun-facts/|title=NC State University History & Fun Facts – Onboarding Center|language=en-US|access-date=October 3, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926231807/https://onboarding.ncsu.edu/nc-state-university-history-fun-facts/|archive-date=September 26, 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> In the segregated system, it was open only to white students. As a land-grant college, North Carolina A&M would provide a liberal and practical education while focusing on military tactics, agriculture, and the mechanical arts without excluding [[classical education movement|classical studies]].<ref name="BriefHistory">{{cite web|title=Brief History of North Carolina State University|url=http://historicalstate.lib.ncsu.edu/histories/brief-history-of-north-carolina-state-university|access-date=December 21, 2011|author=Historical State: History in Red and White|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100609102238/http://historicalstate.lib.ncsu.edu/histories/brief-history-of-north-carolina-state-university|archive-date=June 9, 2010}}</ref> Since its founding, the university has maintained these objectives while building on them.<ref name = "libraries"/> After opening in 1889, North Carolina A&M saw its enrollment fluctuate and its mandate expand. In 1917, it changed its name to "North Carolina State College of Agriculture and Engineering"—or "North Carolina State" for short.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lib.ncsu.edu/scrc/university-historical-sketch|title=Historical Sketch of NC State University|website=www.lib.ncsu.edu|language=en|access-date=October 3, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171029151750/http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/scrc/university-historical-sketch|archive-date=October 29, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> During the [[Great Depression]], the North Carolina state government, under [[Governor of North Carolina|Governor]] [[O. Max Gardner]], administratively combined the [[University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|University of North Carolina]], the Woman's College (now the [[University of North Carolina at Greensboro]]), and NC State. This conglomeration became the [[University of North Carolina]] in 1931.<ref>{{cite web|title=History & Mission|url=http://www.northcarolina.edu/about/mission.htm|publisher=The University of North Carolina system|access-date=March 22, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415132310/http://www.northcarolina.edu/about/mission.htm|archive-date=April 15, 2012}}</ref> In 1937, [[Blake R. Van Leer]] joined as Dean and started the graduate program for engineering, among numerous other programs.<ref>{{cite web|title=Guide to the North Carolina State University College of Engineering Annual Reports|url=http://library.ncsu.edu/findingaids/ua105_002/#History|publisher=NCSU|access-date=June 11, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140425024348/http://library.ncsu.edu/findingaids/ua105_002/#History|archive-date=April 25, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 1942, Van Leer successfully encouraged NC State's first women to pursue an engineering degree, 4-5 women would enroll and the first women graduated in 1941. One of his students [[Katharine Stinson]] became the [[Federal Aviation Administration]]'s first female engineer.<ref>{{cite web |title=Defense demands women engineers |url=https://digitalcommons.winthrop.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1036&context=thejohnsonian1940s |publisher=thejohnsonian |date=March 20, 1942 |access-date=June 5, 2022 |archive-date=July 4, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220704152647/https://digitalcommons.winthrop.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1036&context=thejohnsonian1940s |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Guide to the North Carolina State University College of Engineering Annual Reports|url=http://library.ncsu.edu/findingaids/ua105_002/#History|publisher=NCSU|access-date=June 11, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140425024348/http://library.ncsu.edu/findingaids/ua105_002/#History|archive-date=April 25, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> Following World War II, the university grew and developed. The [[G.I. Bill]] enabled thousands of veterans to attend college, and enrollment shot past the 5,000 mark in 1947.

State College created new academic programs, including the School of Architecture and Landscape Design in 1947 (renamed as the School of Design in 1948), the School of Education in 1948, and the School of Forestry in 1950.<ref name="BriefHistory" /> In the summer of 1956, following the US Supreme Court ruling in ''[[Brown v. Board of Education]]'' (1954) that segregated public education was unconstitutional, North Carolina State College enrolled its first African-American undergraduates, Ed Carson, Manuel Crockett, Irwin Holmes, and Walter Holmes.<ref name = "libraries"/><ref>{{cite web|title=First African American undergraduates (1956)|url=http://historicalstate.lib.ncsu.edu/catalog/1956-first-african-american-undergraduates|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120710153407/http://historicalstate.lib.ncsu.edu/catalog/1956-first-african-american-undergraduates|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 10, 2012|access-date=December 23, 2011|author=Historical State: History in Red and White}}</ref> [[File:Raleigh AM College 1909 View LOC.jpg|left|thumb|Panoramic photo of campus taken around 1909]] In 1962, State College officials desired to change the institution's name to North Carolina State University. Consolidated university administrators approved a change to the University of North Carolina at Raleigh, frustrating many students and [[Alumnus|alumni]] who protested the change with letter writing campaigns. In 1963, State College officially became North Carolina State of the University of North Carolina. Students, faculty, and alumni continued to express dissatisfaction with this name; however, after two additional years of protest, the name was changed to the current official name, North Carolina State University at Raleigh.<ref name="BriefHistory" /> However, by longstanding convention, the "at Raleigh" portion is omitted even in official documents such as diplomas, and in practice the institution's name is simply "North Carolina State University"; "NC State University" is also accepted on first reference in news stories. Indeed, school officials have long discouraged using "at Raleigh" except when absolutely necessary, as the full name implies that there is another branch of the university elsewhere in the state.<ref>[https://brand.ncsu.edu/editorial-guidelines/dictionary.php Editorial style guidelines] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210608231853/https://brand.ncsu.edu/editorial-guidelines/dictionary.php |date=June 8, 2021 }} for North Carolina State</ref>

In 1966, single-year enrollment reached 10,000.<ref name="libraries">{{cite web|url=http://historicalstate.lib.ncsu.edu/histories/historical-sketch-of-north-carolina-state-university|title=Historical Sketch of North Carolina State University|publisher=NC State Libraries|access-date=May 25, 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306052435/http://historicalstate.lib.ncsu.edu/histories/historical-sketch-of-north-carolina-state-university|archive-date=March 6, 2012}}</ref> In the 1970s enrollment surpassed 19,000 and the School of Humanities and Social Sciences was added.

Celebrating its centennial in 1987, NC State reorganized its internal structure, renaming all its schools to colleges (e.g. School of Engineering to the [[North Carolina State University College of Engineering|College of Engineering]]). Also in this year, it gained {{convert|700|acre|km2|1|abbr=on}} of land that was developed as [[Centennial Campus of North Carolina State University|Centennial Campus]]. Since then, NC State has focused on developing its new Centennial Campus. It has invested more than $620 million in facilities and infrastructure at the new campus, with {{convert|62|acre|km2|1|abbr=on}} of space being constructed. Sixty-one private and government agency partners are on Centennial Campus.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://centennial.ncsu.edu/overview/quickFacts.html|title=Quick Facts|publisher=NC State Centennial Campus Partnership Office |access-date=May 25, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080415182331/http://centennial.ncsu.edu/overview/quickFacts.html |archive-date = April 15, 2008}}</ref>

NC State has almost 8,000 employees, nearly 38,000 students, a $1.495&nbsp;billion annual budget, and a $2.2&nbsp;billion endowment.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://oirp.ncsu.edu/facts-figures/the-basics/|title=The Basics – Office of Institutional Research and Planning|language=en-US|access-date=October 3, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924215420/https://oirp.ncsu.edu/facts-figures/the-basics/|archive-date=September 24, 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>As of June 30, 2019. {{cite web|url=https://www.nacubo.org/-/media/Nacubo/Documents/EndowmentFiles/2019-NTSE-Endowment-Market-Values--FINAL-January-30-2020.ashx|title=U.S. and Canadian Institutions Listed by Fiscal Year (FY) 2019 Endowment Market Value and Change in Endowment Market Value from FY 2018 to FY 2019|publisher=National Association of College and University Business Officers and TIAA|access-date=January 31, 2020|archive-date=January 30, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200130175444/https://www.nacubo.org/-/media/Nacubo/Documents/EndowmentFiles/2019-NTSE-Endowment-Market-Values--FINAL-January-30-2020.ashx|url-status=live}}</ref> It is the largest university in the state and one of the anchors of North Carolina's [[Research Triangle]], together with [[Duke University]] and the [[University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill]].<ref name="planninganalysis">{{cite web|url=http://www.ncsu.edu/about-nc-state/quick-view/index.php|title=NC State University at a glance|publisher=NC State University Planning and Analysis|access-date=May 25, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120926082227/http://www.ncsu.edu/about-nc-state/quick-view/|archive-date=September 26, 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In 2009, NCSU canceled a planned appearance by the [[14th Dalai Lama|Dalai Lama]] to speak on its Raleigh campus, citing concerns about a [[China|Chinese]] backlash and a shortage of time and resources.<ref>Golden, Daniel (November 2, 2011), [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-11-01/china-says-no-talking-tibet-as-confucius-funds-u-s-universities.html China Says No Talking Tibet as Confucius Funds U.S. Universities] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141231232700/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-11-01/china-says-no-talking-tibet-as-confucius-funds-u-s-universities.html |date=December 31, 2014 }}, ''Bloomberg News''.</ref>

NCSU Libraries Special Collections Research Center, in [[D.H. Hill Library]], maintains a website devoted to NC State history entitled ''Historical State''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lib.ncsu.edu/news/special-collections/historical-state|title=Historical State|website=www.lib.ncsu.edu|language=en|access-date=October 3, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026134909/https://www.lib.ncsu.edu/news/special-collections/historical-state|archive-date=October 26, 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In October 2023, [[Polychlorinated biphenyl]] was detected in Poe Hall.<ref>{{Cite web|title= Poe Hall Updates Our Progress|url=https://www.ncsu.edu/poe-hall-updates/our-progress/|access-date=November 26, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241009141752/https://www.ncsu.edu/poe-hall-updates/our-progress/|archive-date=October 9, 2024}}</ref> Poe Hall was immediately closed to the public. The Campus Community Alliance for Environment Justice, a student-led coalition, was formed to petition the college for increased transparency.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Burkhart|first=Matthew|title=Students renew their demands in protest one year after Poe Hall closure|url=https://www.technicianonline.com/news/students-renew-their-demands-in-protest-one-year-after-poe-hall-closure/article_59da1c04-a7a9-11ef-ba05-b38b2eed21ab.html|access-date=November 26, 2024}},''Technician''</ref>