Editing Nagorno-Karabakh (section)

== Etymology ==
[[File:Kaukasus.jpg|thumb|right|250px|June 2001 NASA photograph of the snow-covered Lesser Caucasus to the south of the Greater Caucasus. Around the year 1800, the [[Karabakh Khanate]] was based in the southeast corner of the Lesser Caucasus. It extended east into the lowlands, hence the name ''Nagorno-'' or "Highland-" Karabakh for the western part.]]{{For|the etymology of Karabakh|Karabakh#Etymology}}
The prefix ''Nagorno-'' derives from the Russian [[adjective#Form|attributive adjective]] {{lang|ru-Latn|nagorny}} ({{wikt-lang|ru|нагорный}}), which means "highland". The [[Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]] names of the region include the similar adjectives {{lang|az|dağlıq}} (mountainous) or {{lang|az|yuxarı}} (upper). Such words are not used in the [[Armenian language|Armenian]] name, but appeared in the region's official name during the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] era as [[Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast]]. Other languages apply their own wording for ''mountainous'', ''upper'', or ''highland''; for example, the official name used for the [[Nagorno-Karabakh Republic]] in French is {{lang|fr|Haut-Karabakh}}, meaning "Upper Karabakh".

The names for the region in the various local languages all translate to "mountainous Karabakh", or "mountainous black garden":
* {{langx|hy|[[wikt:Լեռնային Ղարաբաղ|Լեռնային Ղարաբաղ]]}}, [[Romanization of Armenian|{{small|transliterated}}]] {{transliteration|hy|Leṙnayin Ġarabaġ}}, {{IPA|hy|lɛrnɑˈjin ʁɑɾɑˈbɑʁ|pron}} {{Audio|Nagorno-Karabakh AM.ogg|listen}}
* {{langx|az|[[wikt:Dağlıq Qarabağ|Dağlıq Qarabağ]]}}, {{lang|az-Cyrl|Дағлыг Гарабағ}}, {{lit.|mountainous Karabakh}}, {{IPA|az|dɑɣˈlɯɣ ɡɑˈɾɑbɑɣ|pron}} {{Audio|Az-NagornoKarabakh.ogg|listen}}{{br}}or {{lang|az|Yuxarı Qarabağ}}, {{lang|az-Cyrl|Јухары Гарабағ}}, {{lit.|upper Karabakh}}, {{IPA|az|juxɑˈɾɯ ɡɑˈɾɑbɑɣ|pron}} {{Audio|Az-YukhariKarabakh.ogg|listen}}
* {{langx|ru|[[wikt:Нагорный Карабах|Нагорный Карабах]]}}, [[Romanization of Russian|{{small|transliterated}}]] {{transliteration|ru|Nagorny Karabakh}}, {{IPA|ru|nɐˈɡornɨj kərɐˈbax|pron}}

Armenians living in the area often call Nagorno-Karabakh ''Artsakh'' ({{langx|hy|Արցախ}}), the name of the 10th province of the ancient [[Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity)|Kingdom of Armenia]]. [[Urartian]] inscriptions (9th–7th centuries BC) use the name {{lang|xur|Urtekhini}} for the region. [[Ancient Greek]] sources called the area {{Lang|grc-Latn|Orkhistene}}.<ref>[[Strabo]] (ed. H.C. Hamilton, Esq., W. Falconer, M.A.) . [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0198&loc=11.14.1 ''Geography''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230923061928/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0198&redirect=true |date=23 September 2023 }}. The Perseus Digital Library. 11.14.4. Retrieved 21 November 2007.</ref>