Editing Mycorrhiza (section)

== Definition ==

A mycorrhiza is a symbiotic association between a green plant and a fungus. The plant makes organic molecules by [[photosynthesis]] and supplies them to the fungus in the form of sugars or lipids, while the fungus supplies the plant with water and mineral nutrients, such as [[phosphorus]], taken from the soil. Mycorrhizas are located in the roots of vascular plants, but mycorrhiza-like associations also occur in [[bryophytes]]<ref name=KottkeNebel>{{cite journal |date=2005 |first1=I. |last1=Kottke |first2=M. |last2=Nebel |title=The evolution of mycorrhiza-like associations in liverworts: An update |journal=New Phytologist |volume=167 |issue= 2 |pages=330–334 |doi=10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01471.x |pmid=15998388|doi-access=free }}</ref> and there is fossil evidence that early land plants that lacked roots formed arbuscular mycorrhizal associations.<ref name="Remy et al."/> Most plant species form mycorrhizal associations, though some families like [[Brassicaceae]] and [[Chenopodiaceae]] cannot. Different forms for the association are detailed in the next section. The most common is the [[Arbuscular mycorrhiza|arbuscular type]] that is present in 70% of plant species, including many crop plants such as cereals and legumes.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fortin |first1=J. André |display-authors=etal |title=Les Mycorhizes |date=2015 |publisher=Inra |location=Versaillles |isbn=978-2-7592-2433-3 |page=10 |edition=second}}</ref>