Editing Muskogee, Oklahoma (section)

==History==
{{Main|History of Muskogee}}
French fur traders were believed to have established a temporary village near the future Muskogee in 1806, but the first permanent European-American settlement was established in 1817 on the south bank of the [[Verdigris River]], north of present-day Muskogee.

After the passage of the [[Indian Removal Act]] of 1830 under President [[Andrew Jackson]], the [[Muscogee (Creek) Nation|Muscogee Creek]] Indians were one of the "[[Five Civilized Tribes]]" forced out of the American Southeast to Indian Territory. They were accompanied by their [[slaves]]. The Indian Agency, a two-story stone building, was built here in Muskogee. It was a site for meetings among the leaders of the Five Civilized Tribes. Today it serves as a museum. At the top of what is known as Agency Hill, it is within Honor Heights Park on the west side of Muskogee.

In 1872, the [[Missouri–Kansas–Texas Railroad]] was extended to the area. A federal court was established in Muskogee in 1889, around the same time that Congress opened portions of Indian Territory to non-Native settlers via [[land rush]]es. The city was incorporated on March 19, 1898.<ref name="waits">Wallace F. Waits Jr. [http://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=MU018 "Muskogee"]. ''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture'' Retrieved April 30, 2010</ref>

[[File:Bird's-eye View of Business Section, Muskogee, OK.jpg|thumb|left|Business district {{Circa|1910}}]]
[[File:Oklahoma - Muskogee - NARA - 68147194 (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|Downtown Muskogee in 1928]]
Ohio native [[Charles N. Haskell]] moved to the city in March 1901.<ref name="haskell">J. J. Compton. [http://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=HA048 "Haskell, Charles Nathaniel (1860-1933)"]. ''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture''. Retrieved April 30, 2010</ref> He was instrumental in building on the land rush; he stimulated expansion of the city of more than 4,000 people to a center of business and industry by 1910, with a population of more than 25,000 inhabitants. Haskell built the first five-story business block in Oklahoma Territory; he built and owned fourteen brick buildings in the city. Most importantly, he organized and built most of the railroads running into the city, which connected it to other markets and centers of population, stimulating its business and retail, and attracting new residents.

As Muskogee's economic and business importance grew, so did its political power. In the years before the territory was admitted as a state, the Five Civilized Tribes continued to work on alternatives to keep some independence from European Americans. They met together on August 21, 1905, to propose the [[State of Sequoyah]], to be controlled by Native Americans. They met in Muskogee to draft its constitution, planning to have Muskogee serve as the state's capital. The proposal was vetoed by [[President of the United States|US President]] [[Theodore Roosevelt]] and mostly ignored by Congress; the proposed State of Sequoyah was never authorized. The US admitted the State of Oklahoma to the Union on November 16, 1907, as the 46th state.

Muskogee was the operational headquarters of the [[Muskogee Roads]], four regional rail carriers under common management.<ref>{{cite book |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ntUhAQAAIAAJ&q=muskogee+roads+philadelphia&pg=PA718 |title=Moody's Manual of Railroads and Corporation Securities |year=1918 |chapter=Railroads |page=718 |access-date=February 29, 2020}}</ref> The first was the [[Midland Valley Railroad]], chartered in 1903.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=MI008 |title= Midland Valley Railroad |author=Augustus J. Veenendaal, Jr. |publisher=Oklahoma Historical Society |access-date=February 29, 2020}}</ref> The three carriers surviving until 1963 were sold to the [[Texas & Pacific]], which was a subsidiary of the [[Missouri Pacific Railroad]].<ref name="UTexas">{{cite web|url=https://legacy.lib.utexas.edu/taro/smu/00131/smu-00131.html |title= Muskogee Company records, Part 1 |publisher=The University of Texas at Austin, University of Texas Libraries |access-date=February 29, 2020}}</ref>

Muskogee was on the route of the [[Jefferson Highway]] established in 1915. That road ran more than {{convert|2,300|mi}}, from Winnipeg, Manitoba, to New Orleans, Louisiana.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.jeffersonhighwayinoklahoma.com/ |title=The Jefferson Highway Route in Oklahoma|publisher=Oklahoma Members of the Jefferson Highway Association|access-date=October 27, 2019}}</ref>

Muskogee attracted national and international attention when, in May 2008, voters elected [[John Tyler Hammons]] as mayor. Nineteen years old at the time of his election, Hammons is among the youngest mayors in American history.