Editing Monopropellant (section)

==Uses==
The most common use of monopropellants<ref name="spacehandbookprops">{{cite tech report|title=Space handbook: astronautics and its applications |chapter=Propellants |pages=42-46 |url=http://www.hq.nasa.gov/pao/History/conghand/propelnt.htm |last=RAND Corporation |editor1-last=Horgan |editor1-first=M. J. |editor2-last=Palmatier |editor2-first=M. A. |editor3-last=Vogel |editor3-first=J. |number=86 |publisher=United States Government Printing Office |date=1959}}</ref> is in low-impulse [[monopropellant rocket|monopropellant]] [[rocket motor]]s,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rocketmotorparts.com/resources.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114162923/http://www.rocketmotorparts.com/resources.html|archive-date=January 14, 2012|title=Resources|publisher=Rocket Motor Components, Inc.}}</ref> such as [[reaction control system|reaction control thrusters]], the usual propellant being [[hydrazine]]<ref>[http://www.aerojet.com/capabilities/spacecraft.php] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090928054803/http://www.aerojet.com/capabilities/spacecraft.php|date=September 28, 2009}}</ref><ref name="Sutton, 230" >{{harvnb|Sutton|1992}}, p.&nbsp;230</ref> which is generally decomposed by exposure to an [[iridium]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rocket.com/Aerojet%20Bipropellant%20Engine%20Sets%20New%20Performance%20Record |title=Aerojet Bipropellant Engine Sets New Performance Record |publisher=Aerojet Rocketdyne |date=December 8, 2008 |access-date=July 13, 2014 |archive-date=March 7, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170307024506/http://www.rocket.com/Aerojet%20Bipropellant%20Engine%20Sets%20New%20Performance%20Record  }}</ref><ref name="Sutton, 307-309" >{{harvnb|Sutton|1992}}, pp.&nbsp;307—309</ref> [[catalyst]] bed (the hydrazine is pre-heated to keep the reactant liquid).  This decomposition produces the desired jet of hot gas and thus [[thrust]]. [[High-test peroxide|Hydrogen peroxide]]<ref name="spacehandbookpropuls">{{cite tech report|title=Space handbook: astronautics and its applications |chapter=Propulsion systems |pages=31-41 |url=http://www.hq.nasa.gov/pao/History/conghand/propulsn.htm |last=RAND Corporation |editor1-last=Horgan |editor1-first=M. J. |editor2-last=Palmatier |editor2-first=M. A. |editor3-last=Vogel |editor3-first=J. |number=86 |publisher=United States Government Printing Office |date=1959}}</ref> has been used as a power source for propellant tank pumps in rockets like the German WWII [[V-2 rocket|V-2]] and the American [[Redstone (rocket)|Redstone]].<ref>{{harvnb|Sutton|1992}}, ch. 7.</ref> The [[hydrogen peroxide]] is passed through a [[platinum]] [[catalyst]] mesh,<ref name="spacehandbookpropuls"/> or comes in contact with [[manganese dioxide]] impregnated ceramic beads, or [[Z-Stoff]] [[permanganate]] solution is co-injected,  which causes hydrogen peroxide to decompose into hot steam and oxygen.

Monopropellants are also used in some [[air-independent propulsion]] systems (AIP) to "fuel" reciprocating or [[turbine]] engines in environments where free oxygen is unavailable. Weapons intended primarily for combat between nuclear-powered [[submarines]] generally fall into this category. The most commonly used propellant in this case is stabilized [[propylene glycol dinitrate]] ([[PGDN]]), often referred to as "[[Otto Fuel II|Otto fuel]]".  A potential future use for monopropellants not directly related to propulsion is in compact, high-intensity powerplants for aquatic or exoatmospheric environments.