Editing Mikis Theodorakis (section)

==Early life==
Theodorakis was born on the Greek island of [[Chios]] and spent his childhood years in provincial Greek cities including [[Mytilene]],<ref name="ΑρΧιμανδριτης2007">{{cite book|author=Γιωργος ΑρΧιμανδριτης|title=Σε πρωτο προσωπο: Μικης Θεοδωρακης|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HrIOAQAAMAAJ|access-date=8 November 2012|year=2007|publisher=Ελληνικα Γραμματα|isbn=978-960-442-911-0}}</ref> [[Cephallonia]],<ref name="ΑρΧιμανδριτης2007"/> [[Patras]],<ref name ="Οι δρόμοι του αρχάγγελου"/><ref name="Theodorakis1997">{{cite book|author=Mikis Theodorakis|title=Μελοποιημενη ποιηση|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wNEwAAAAMAAJ|access-date=8 November 2012|year=1997|publisher=Υψιλον/Βιβλια}}</ref> [[Pyrgos (Ilia)|Pyrgos]],<ref name=Theodorakis/><ref name="ΘεοδωρακηςΚουγιουμουτζακης2007">{{cite book|author1=Μικης Θεοδωρακης|author2=Γιαννης Κουγιουμουτζακης|author3=Ιδρυμα ΤεΧνολογιας και Ερευνας (Greece)|title=Συμπαντικε αρμονια, μουσικη και επιστημη: στον Μικη Θεοδωρακη|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ubEOAQAAMAAJ|access-date=8 November 2012|year=2007|publisher=Πανεπιστημιακες Εκδοσεις Κρητης|isbn=978-960-524-253-4}} ... Σύρος και Αθήνα (1929), Γιάννενα (1930- 1932),Αόλι (1933-1936), Πάτρα (1937-1938), Πύργος (1938-1939), Τρίπολη</ref> and [[Tripoli, Greece|Tripoli]].<ref name="ΘεοδωρακηςΚουγιουμουτζακης2007"/><ref name=Theodorakis2/> His father, a lawyer and a civil servant, was from the small village of [[:el:Γαλατάς Χανίων|Galatas]] on [[Crete]]<ref name="Giannaris1972">{{cite book|author=George Giannaris|title=Mikis Theodorakis: music and social change|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JwUXAQAAIAAJ|access-date=3 November 2012|year=1972|publisher=Praeger|quote= For nearly six months, Mikis remained on the island of Crete trying to put the past behind, and become a human being ... For too long, he had been a drain on hisfather who was finding it difficult to practice his profession in the tiny village of KatoGalata, or even the larger town of Cha- nia. There was no dearth of lawyersestablished in the area for years, and even though Yiorgos had been born there, his}}</ref> and his mother, Aspasia Poulakis, was from an ethnically Greek family in [[Çeşme]], in what is now Turkey.<ref name="Keridis2009"/><ref name="The New York Times Biographical Service">{{cite book|title=The New York Times Biographical Service|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7jsoAQAAIAAJ|access-date=3 November 2012|date=April 1970|publisher=New York Times & Arno Press}}</ref><ref name="Cook2001">{{cite book|author=Bernard A. Cook|title=Europe Since 1945: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=53oBuYEjF9EC&pg=PA939|access-date=3 November 2012|year=2001|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-203-80174-1|pages=939–}}</ref><ref name="MackenzieStone2005">{{cite book|author1=Sir Compton Mackenzie|author2=Christopher Stone|title=The Gramophone|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mH89AQAAIAAJ|access-date=3 November 2012|year=2005|publisher=C. Mackenzie|quote=MIKIS THEODORAKIS AT 80 Mikis Theodoralris celebrated his 80th birthday on July 29 this year. ... His mother had moved to the Greek islands from Asia Minor just before the Lausanne Peace Conference in 1923 obliged 1.5 million other}}</ref><ref name="Journal of Modern Hellenism">{{cite book|title=Journal of Modern Hellenism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UkxoAAAAMAAJ|access-date=3 November 2012|year=2001|publisher=Hellenic College Press|quote=While there is no record of a young Mikis Theodorakis being subjected to any serious direct personal physical or psychological trauma, he did grew up in ... His mother, Aspasia Poulakis, was a refugee form Tsemes, a coastal city in Asia Minor}}</ref> He was raised with Greek folk music and was influenced by [[Byzantine]] [[liturgy]]; as a child he had already talked about becoming a composer.<ref name="c728" /><ref name="Theodorakis1973">{{cite book|author=Mikis Theodorakis|title=Journals of resistance|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XHtWAAAAMAAJ|access-date=3 November 2012|year=1973|publisher=Hart-Davis McGibbon|isbn=978-0-246-10597-4|quote=29 July 1925 Mikis Theodorakis is born on the island of Chios. ... Theodorakis learns to sing Byzantine hymns and, since his father is from Crete and his mother from the Greek colony in Asia Minor, he also gets to know the very varied tradition=}}</ref>

His fascination with music began in early childhood; he taught himself to write his first songs without access to musical instruments. He took his first music lessons in Patras<ref name ="Οι δρόμοι του αρχάγγελου">Theodorakis: Οι δρόμοι του αρχάγγελου Ι / The Ways of the Archangel, Autobiography, Volume I, p. 72 sq.</ref> and Pyrgos,<ref name=Theodorakis>Theodorakis, op. cit., p. 82 sq.</ref> where he was a childhood friend of [[George Pavlopoulos]],<ref>Levi, Peter. (1980) ''The Hill of Kronos''.</ref> and in Tripoli, [[Peloponnese]],<ref name=Theodorakis2>Theodorakis, op. cit., Chapter II, p. 95 sq.</ref> he gave his first concert at the age of seventeen. He went to Athens in 1943, and became a member of a Reserve Unit of [[Greek People's Liberation Army|ELAS]]. He led a troop in the fight against the British and the Greek right in the [[Dekemvriana]].<ref>Theodorakis: {{lang|el|Οι δρόμοι του αρχάγγελου II}} / The Ways of the Archangel, Autobiography, Volume II, Ch. 3, p. 11 sq; cf. also p. 174sq; Mikis Theodorakis, {{lang|el|Τα δικά μου Δεκεμβριανά}} / My December '44, 1944: {{lang|el|Ο Μοιραίος Δεκέμβριος}} / The Fateful December, special supplement of newspaper 'Vima', Sunday, 5 December 2010, p. 54.</ref> During the [[Greek Civil War]] he was arrested, sent into exile on the island of [[Icaria]]<ref>Theodorakis, op. cit., Ch. 4, p. 95 sq.</ref> and then deported to the island of [[Makronisos]], where he was tortured and twice buried alive.<ref>Theodorakis: {{lang|el|Οι δρόμοι του αρχάγγελου III}} / The Ways of the Archangel, Autobiography: Read the complete, deeply moving Volume III ("The Nightmare")</ref>

During the periods when he was not obliged to hide, not exiled or jailed, he studied from 1943 to 1950 at the [[Athens Conservatoire]] under {{ill|Filoktitis Economidis|el|Φιλοκτήτης Οικονομίδης}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.mikis-theodorakis.net/index.php/article/articleview/120/1/44/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120710161239/http://en.mikis-theodorakis.net/index.php/article/articleview/120/1/44/ |url-status=usurped |archive-date=10 July 2012 |title=Mikis Theodorakis – The Home Page – About the Trio |website=En.mikis-theodorakis.net |date=30 July 2004 |access-date=13 February 2012 }}</ref> In 1950, he finished his studies and took his last two exams "with flying colours".<ref>George Giannaris: Mikis Theodorakis. Music and Social Change, p. 81</ref> He went to Crete, where he became the "head of the Chania Music School" and founded his first orchestra.<ref>Theodorakis: {{lang|el|Οι δρόμοι του αρχάγγελου IV}} / The Ways of the Archangel, Autobiography, Volume IV, p. 259 sq</ref>