Editing Michigan Terminal System (section)

==Overview==
The University of Michigan Multiprogramming Supervisor (UMMPS) was initially developed by the staff of the academic computing center at the [[University of Michigan]] for operation of the [[System/360|IBM S/360-67, S/370]] and compatible computers. The software may be described as a [[multiprogramming]], [[multiprocessing]], [[virtual memory]], [[time-sharing]] supervisor that runs multiple resident, [[reentrant (subroutine)|reentrant]] programs. Among these programs is the Michigan Terminal System (MTS) for command interpretation, execution control, file management, and accounting. End-users interact with the computing resources through MTS using terminal, batch, and server oriented facilities.<ref name=MTSVol1/>

The name MTS refers to:
*The UMMPS Job Program with which most end-users interact;
*The software system, including UMMPS, the MTS and other Job Programs, Command Language Subsystems (CLSs), public files (programs), and documentation; and
*The time-sharing service offered at a particular site, including the MTS software system, the hardware used to run MTS, the staff that supported MTS and assisted end-users, and the associated administrative policies and procedures.

MTS was used on a production basis at about 13 sites in the [[United States]], [[Canada]], the [[United Kingdom]], [[Brazil]], and possibly in [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]] and at several more sites on a trial or benchmarking basis. MTS was developed and maintained by a core group of eight universities included in the [[#MTS Consortium|MTS Consortium]].

The University of Michigan announced in 1988 that "Reliable MTS service will be provided as long as there are users requiring it ... MTS may be phased out after alternatives are able to meet users' computing requirements".<ref name="itd19881031">{{cite journal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WSBVAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA118 |title=ITD Reaffirms MTS Commitment |journal=U-M Computing News |date=October 1988 |volume=3 |issue=19 |pages=2}}</ref> It ceased operating MTS for end-users on June 30, 1996.<ref>[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015040313788;view=1up;seq=95 "MTS Service to End"], ''Information Technology Digest'', Vol. 5, No. 5 (May 12, 1996), p.7</ref> By that time, most services had moved to client/server-based computing systems, typically Unix for servers and various Mac, PC, and Unix flavors for clients. The University of Michigan shut down its MTS system for the last time on May 30, 1997.<ref name=MTSTimeline>[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015040313788;view=1up;seq=98 "MTS Timeline"], ''Information Technology Digest'', University of Michigan, pp.10-11, Volume 5, No. 5 (May 13, 1966)</ref>

[[Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute]] (RPI) is believed to be the last site to use MTS in a production environment. RPI retired MTS in June 1999.<ref>[http://www.clock.org/~jss/work/mts/timeline.html "MTS Timeline"], an after the fact one entry addition for 1999 to ''Information Technology Digest'', University of Michigan, Volume 5, No. 5 (May 13, 1966)</ref>

Today, MTS still runs using IBM S/370 emulators such as [[Hercules emulator|Hercules]], Sim390,<ref>[http://www.canpub.com/teammpg/de/sim390/ Sim390], an ESA/390 emulator</ref> and FLEX-ES.<ref>[http://www.funsoft.com/mfos-body.html FLEX-ES], a S/390 and z/Architecture emulator</ref>