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==History== [[File:1852 Middlesex Canal (Massachusetts) map.jpg|thumb|left|1852 map of Boston area showing Melrose and rail lines]] Melrose was originally called "Ponde Fielde" for its abundance of ponds and streams or "Mystic Side" because of its location in a valley north of the [[Mystic River]]. The area was first explored by Richard and Ralph Sprague in 1628 and became part of [[Charlestown, Massachusetts|Charlestown]] in 1633 along with a large area of land encompassing most of the surrounding communities.<ref name=history>{{ cite web|title=A Condensed History of Melrose |url=http://www.cityofmelrose.org/Interns%2007/a_condensed_history_of.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090615120514/http://www.cityofmelrose.org/Interns%2007/a_condensed_history_of.htm |archive-date=2009-06-15 }} City of Melrose. Retrieved January 26, 2008.</ref><ref name=book1>{{cite book|last1=Goss|first1=Eldbridge Henry|title=The history of Melrose, County of Middlesex, Massachusetts|date=1902|publisher=City of Melrose|url=https://archive.org/stream/historyofmelrose02goss|access-date=24 April 2015}}</ref> In 1649, the neighborhood of Charlestown known as [[Malden, Massachusetts|Malden]] was incorporated as a separate town; the new town of [[Malden, Massachusetts|Malden]] included most of present-day Melrose (then called North Malden) within its borders. North Malden largely remained a lightly populated farming community.<ref name=history/><ref name=book1 /> By 1845, the [[Boston and Maine Railroad]] had built three stops (now the commuter rail stations of [[Wyoming Hill (MBTA station)|Wyoming Hill]], [[Melrose/Cedar Park (MBTA station)|Melrose/Cedar Park]], and [[Melrose Highlands (MBTA station)|Melrose Highlands]]). [[Boston]] workers in search of a country atmosphere moved to the area and began commuting to work.<ref name="history"/> The population of North Malden began growing, and in 1850 North Malden split from Malden proper and was incorporated as the town of Melrose. The town then annexed the [[Melrose Highlands, Massachusetts|highlands]] from neighboring [[Stoneham, Massachusetts|Stoneham]] in 1853, creating the city's current borders.<ref name=history/> The name "Melrose" comes from the [[burgh]] of [[Melrose, Scotland]]. It was a reference to the Eildon hills of Melrose, Scotland, which the new town resembled. The name was suggested and advocated for by William Bogle, a Scotland native and longtime resident of North Malden.<ref name=history/><ref name=book1/> The population of Melrose continued to grow throughout the second half of the nineteenth century. Farmland was increasingly partitioned into smaller parcels for residences and businesses. The fire department and the town's [[Melrose Public Schools|school district]] were founded, and the town hall was built in 1873. In 1899, the City of Melrose became the 33rd incorporated city in [[Massachusetts]]. [[Levi S. Gould]] became the city's first mayor on January 1, 1900.<ref name=history/> Melrose reached a peak in a population of 33,180 residents in 1970, before beginning a slow decline continuing through 2010. On April 1, 1982, [[Downtown Melrose]] was added to the [[National Register of Historic Places]]; the public library was similarly added to the register in 1988.<ref name=history/>
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