Editing Medicine Lodge, Kansas (section)

==History==

===19th century===
The particular medicine lodge, mystery house or sacred tabernacle from which the Medicine Lodge River received its name was in reality an arbor-like shelter of tree trunks and leafy branches which was erected by the Kiowa people for the celebration of their annual sun dance in the summer of 1866. It was in the valley of the Medicine Lodge River, several miles below the present town of Medicine Lodge, which is at the mouth of Elm Creek.  In their own language, the Kiowa people called this stream A-ya-dalda P’a, meaning "Timber-hill River."<ref name="digital.library.okstate.edu">{{cite web|url=https://cdm17279.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p17279coll4/search/v002/v002p098.html|title=CONTENTdm|website=cdm17279.contentdm.oclc.org}}</ref> The [[Kiowa]] had considered the site sacred due to the high content of [[magnesium sulfate|Epsom salts]] in the river.<ref>Medicine Lodge. (2010). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved February 21, 2010, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/372512/Medicine-Lodge</ref>

In October 1867, the [[Medicine Lodge Treaty]] was a set of three treaties signed between the United States of America and the Kiowa, Comanche, Plains Apache, Southern Cheyenne, and Southern Arapaho. The site of the Peace Council camp was about three miles above that of the future town and on the same side of the river.<ref name="digital.library.okstate.edu"/> A Peace Treaty Pageant, first presented in 1927 in an outdoor amphitheater on a quarter section of Kansas prairie, commemorates this significant event in Western history.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://peacetreaty.org/|title=Medicine Lodge Indian Peace Treaty|website=Medicine Lodge Indian Peace Treaty}}</ref>

Settlers led by a man named John Hutchinson founded the town of Medicine Lodge north of the confluence of Elm Creek and the [[Medicine Lodge River]] in February 1873.<ref name=Cutler>{{cite web | last = Cutler | first = William G. | title = Barber County, Part 2 | work = History of the State of Kansas | year = 1883 | publisher = A.T. Andreas | location = [[Chicago, Illinois|Chicago]] | url = http://www.kancoll.org/books/cutler/barber/barber-co-p2.html#MEDICINE_LODGE | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20030508200747/http://www.kancoll.org/books/cutler/barber/barber-co-p2.html#MEDICINE_LODGE | url-status = dead | archive-date = 2003-05-08 | access-date = 2010-02-21}}</ref> The community grew rapidly with a hotel, stores, and a [[post office]] established within a year.<ref name=Cutler/>

In 1874, in response to [[Native Americans in the United States|Native]] raids in the region, residents and the state militia constructed a [[stockade]]. A group of [[Osage Nation|Osage]] killed three settlers within a few miles of the compound, but no direct attack on the fortifications occurred.<ref>{{cite web | title = This site is dedicated to Medicine Lodge and Barber County | publisher = Cyber Lodge Internet Services | url = http://www.cyberlodg.com/mlcity/index.html | access-date = 2010-02-21}}</ref> Medicine Lodge was [[municipal corporation|incorporated]] as a city in 1879.<ref name=Cutler/>

[[temperance movement in the United States|Temperance]] activist [[Carrie Nation]] launched her crusade against the sale of alcohol while living in Medicine Lodge in 1900.<ref>{{cite web | title = Carry A. Nation | publisher = Kansas Heritage Group | url = http://www.kansasheritage.org/medicine/carry.html | access-date = 2010-02-21 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090310025228/http://www.kansasheritage.org/medicine/carry.html | archive-date = 2009-03-10 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://shs.umsystem.edu/historicmissourians/name/n/nation/ | title=Carry A. Nation (1846 – 1911) | publisher=The State Historical Society of Missouri | access-date=6 April 2014}}</ref> [[Carrie Nation House (Kansas)|Her home]] and a reproduction of the 1873 stockade are open to the public.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.travelks.com/s/index.cfm?LID=502 |title=Tourism Division, Kansas Department of Wildlife, Parks & Tourism |access-date=2010-03-15 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723010555/http://www.travelks.com/s/index.cfm?LID=502 |archive-date=2011-07-23 }}</ref>