Editing May 19 (section)

==Events==
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===Pre-1600===
* [[639]] &ndash; [[Ashina Jiesheshuai]] and his tribesmen assaulted [[Emperor Taizong of Tang|Emperor Taizong]] at Jiucheng Palace.
* [[715]] &ndash; [[Pope Gregory II]] is elected.<ref>{{cite book|author=Philip Hughes|title=History of the Church: Volume 2: The Church In The World The Church Created: Augustine To Aquinas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OiTUAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA448|date=1 January 1979|publisher=A&C Black|isbn=978-0-7220-7982-9|pages=448}}</ref>
* [[934]] &ndash; The [[Byzantine Empire]] reconquers [[Melitene]] under the leadership of [[John Kourkouas]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Vest |first1=Bernd Andreas |title=Geschichte der Stadt Melitene und der umliegenden Gebiete: vom Vorabend der arabischen bis zum Abschluss der türkischen Eroberung (um 600-1124) |date=2007 |publisher=Dr. Kovač |isbn=978-3-8300-2575-7 |page=901 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EnAsAQAAIAAJ |access-date=16 November 2024 |language=de}}</ref>
*[[1051]] &ndash; [[Henry I of France]] marries the [[Kievan Rus'|Rus']] princess, [[Anne of Kiev]].<ref>{{cite book|author=William Mendel Newman|title=The Kings, the Court, and the Royal Power in France in the Eleventh Century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v-pnAAAAMAAJ|year=1929|publisher=H. Cléder|page=23}}</ref>
*[[1445]] &ndash; [[John II of Castile]] defeats the [[Infantes of Aragon]] at the [[First Battle of Olmedo]].
*[[1499]] &ndash; [[Catherine of Aragon]] is [[Proxy marriage|married by proxy]] to [[Arthur, Prince of Wales]]. Catherine is 13 and Arthur is 12.
*[[1535]] &ndash; French explorer [[Jacques Cartier]] sets sail on his second voyage to North America with three ships, 110 men, and [[Chief Donnacona]]'s two sons (whom Cartier had kidnapped during his first voyage).
*[[1536]] &ndash; [[Anne Boleyn]], the second wife of [[Henry VIII of England]], is beheaded for adultery, treason, and incest.
*[[1542]] &ndash; The [[Prome Kingdom]] falls to the [[Taungoo Dynasty]] in present-day [[Myanmar]].
===1601–1900===
*[[1643]] &ndash; [[Thirty Years' War]]: French forces under the [[Louis, Grand Condé|duc d'Enghien]] decisively defeat Spanish forces at the [[Battle of Rocroi]], marking the symbolic end of Spain as a dominant land power.
*[[1649]] &ndash; An [[Act of Parliament]] declaring England a [[Commonwealth of England|Commonwealth]] is passed by the [[Long Parliament]]. England would be a [[republic]] for the next eleven years.
*[[1655]] &ndash; The [[Invasion of Jamaica]] begins during the [[Anglo-Spanish War (1654–60)|Anglo-Spanish War]].
*[[1743]] &ndash; [[Jean-Pierre Christin]] developed the [[centigrade temperature scale]].
*[[1749]] &ndash; King [[George II of Great Britain]] grants the [[Ohio Company]] a charter of land around the forks of the [[Ohio River]].
*[[1776]] &ndash; [[American Revolutionary War]]: A [[Continental Army]] garrison surrenders in the [[Battle of The Cedars]].
*[[1780]] &ndash; [[New England's Dark Day]], an unusual darkening of the day sky, was observed over the [[New England]] states and parts of [[Canada]]. 
*[[1802]] &ndash; [[Napoleon|Napoleon Bonaparte]] founds the [[Legion of Honour]].
*[[1828]] &ndash; U.S. President [[John Quincy Adams]] signs the [[Tariff of 1828]] into law, protecting [[wool]] manufacturers in the United States.
*[[1845]] &ndash; Captain Sir [[John Franklin]] and his [[Franklin's lost expedition|ill-fated Arctic expedition]] depart from [[Greenhithe, Kent|Greenhithe]], England.
*[[1848]] &ndash; [[Mexican–American War]]: Mexico ratifies the [[Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo]] thus ending the war and ceding [[California]], [[Nevada]], [[Utah]] and parts of four other modern-day U.S. states to the United States for US$15&nbsp;million.
*[[1883]] &ndash; [[Buffalo Bill]]'s first ''Buffalo Bill's Wild West'' opens in Omaha, Nebraska.<ref name="WDL">{{cite web |url = http://www.wdl.org/en/item/11200/ |title = William "Buffalo Bill" Cody |work = [[World Digital Library]] |year = 1917 |access-date = June 1, 2013 }}</ref>
*[[1900]] &ndash; [[Great Britain]] annexes [[Tonga Island]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Jacques|last=Legrand|title=Chronicle of the 20th Century|publisher=Ecam Publication|year=1987|page=14|isbn=0-942191-01-3}}</ref>
*  1900   &ndash; [[Second Boer War]]: British troops relieve [[Siege of Mafeking|Mafeking]].
===1901–present===
*[[1911]] &ndash; [[Parks Canada]], the world's first [[national park]] service, is established as the Dominion Parks Branch under the Department of the Interior.
*[[1917]] &ndash; The Norwegian football club [[Rosenborg BK]] is founded.
*[[1919]] &ndash; [[Mustafa Kemal Atatürk]] lands at [[Samsun]] on the [[Anatolia]]n [[Black Sea]] coast, initiating what is later termed the [[Turkish War of Independence]].
*[[1921]] &ndash; The [[United States Congress]] passes the [[Emergency Quota Act]] establishing national quotas on immigration.
*[[1922]] &ndash; The [[Young Pioneer Organization of the Soviet Union]] is established.
*[[1933]] &ndash; Finnish cavalry general [[C. G. E. Mannerheim]] is appointed the [[field marshal]].<ref>{{cite book| title=Uusi Pikkujättiläinen |page=404| publisher= WSOY | year=1986| isbn = 951-0-12416-8 |language=fi}}</ref>
*[[1934]] &ndash; [[Zveno]] and the [[Bulgarian Army]] engineer a [[Bulgarian coup d'état of 1934|coup d'état]] and install [[Kimon Georgiev]] as the new [[List of Prime Ministers of Bulgaria|Prime Minister of Bulgaria]].
*[[1942]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: In the aftermath of the [[Battle of the Coral Sea]], [[Task Force 16]] heads to [[Pearl Harbor]] for repairs.
*[[1943]] &ndash; Winston Churchill's [[Winston Churchill's address to Congress (1943)|second wartime address]] to the U.S. Congress<ref>{{Cite web |title=MR CHURCHILL SPEAKS TO CONGRESS. ON 19 MAY 1943, MR CHURCHILL MADE A 55 MINUTE SPEECH TO CONGRESS IN WASHINGTON, WHICH WAS BROADCAST TO THE WORLD. |url=https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205149632 |access-date=2023-04-22 |website=Imperial War Museums |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1945]] &ndash; [[Syrian]] demonstrators in [[Damascus]] are fired upon by French troops injuring twelve, leading to the [[Levant Crisis]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Thomas|first1=Martin|title=The French Empire at War, 1940-1945 Studies in Imperialism|date=2007|publisher=Manchester University Press|pages=123–24 |isbn=9780719065194}}</ref>
*[[1950]] &ndash; A barge containing munitions destined for [[Pakistan]] [[South Amboy powder pier explosion|explodes]] in the harbor at [[South Amboy, New Jersey]], devastating the city.
*  1950   &ndash; [[Egypt]] announces that the [[Suez Canal]] is closed to [[Israel]]i ships and commerce.
*[[1959]] &ndash; The [[People's Army of Vietnam|North Vietnamese Army]] establishes [[Group 559]], whose responsibility is to determine how to maintain [[supply line]]s to [[South Vietnam]]; the resulting route is the [[Ho Chi Minh trail]].
*[[1961]] &ndash; [[Venera program]]: ''[[Venera 1]]'' becomes the first man-made object to fly by another planet by passing [[Venus]] (the probe had lost contact with Earth a month earlier and did not send back any data).
*  1961 &ndash; At [[Silchar]] Railway Station, [[Assam]], 11 Bengalis die when police open fire on protesters demanding state recognition of Bengali language in the [[Bengali Language Movement#Legacy|Bengali Language Movement]].
*[[1962]] &ndash; A birthday salute to U.S. President [[John F. Kennedy]] takes place at [[Madison Square Garden (1925)|Madison Square Garden]], New York City. The highlight is [[Marilyn Monroe]]'s [[Happy Birthday, Mr. President|rendition]] of "[[Happy Birthday to You|Happy Birthday]]".
*[[1963]] &ndash; The ''New York Post Sunday Magazine'' publishes [[Martin Luther King Jr.]]'s [[Letter from Birmingham Jail]].
*[[1971]] &ndash; [[Mars probe program]]: ''[[Mars 2]]'' is launched by the [[Soviet Union]].
*[[1986]] &ndash; The [[Firearm Owners Protection Act]] is signed into law by U.S. President [[Ronald Reagan]].
*[[1991]] &ndash; [[Croatia]]ns vote for independence in a [[1991 Croatian independence referendum|referendum]].
*[[1993]] &ndash; [[SAM Colombia Flight 501]] crashes on approach to [[José María Córdova International Airport]] in [[Medellín]], Colombia, killing 132.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 727-46 HK-2422X Medellín|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19930519-0|access-date=2021-04-25|website=aviation-safety.net|publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]]}}</ref>
*[[1996]] &ndash; [[Space Shuttle program]]: ''[[Space Shuttle Endeavour]]'' is launched on mission [[STS-77]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Warnock|first=Lynda|title=STS-77|url=https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-77.html|access-date=2021-05-11|website=www.nasa.gov|publisher=NASA}}</ref>
*[[1997]] &ndash; The [[Sierra Gorda biosphere]], the most [[Ecosystem diversity|ecologically diverse]] region in Mexico, is established as a result of [[grassroots]] efforts.
*[[2000]] &ndash; Space Shuttle program: [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'']] is launched on mission [[STS-101]] to resupply the [[International Space Station]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Warnock|first=Lynda|title=STS-101|url=https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-101.html|access-date=2021-05-15|website=www.nasa.gov|publisher=NASA}}</ref>
*[[2007]] &ndash; [[President of Romania]] [[Traian Băsescu]] survives an [[2007 Romanian presidential impeachment referendum|impeachment referendum]] and returns to office from suspension.
*[[2010]] &ndash; The [[Royal Thai Armed Forces]] concludes its [[2010 Thai military crackdown|crackdown]] on [[2010 Thai political protests|protests]] by forcing the surrender of [[United Front for Democracy Against Dictatorship]] leaders.
*[[2012]] &ndash; Three gas cylinder bombs [[2012 Brindisi school bombing|explode]] in front of a vocational school in the Italian city of [[Brindisi]], killing one person and injuring five others.
*  2012 &ndash; A car bomb [[2012 Deir ez-Zor bombing|explodes]] near a military complex in the [[Syria]]n city of [[Deir ez-Zor]], killing nine people.
*[[2015]] &ndash; The [[Refugio oil spill]] deposited 142,800 U.S. gallons (3,400 barrels) of [[crude oil]] onto an area in [[California]] considered one of the most biologically diverse coastlines of the [[West Coast of the United States|west coast]].
*[[2016]] &ndash; [[EgyptAir Flight 804]] crashes into the [[Mediterranean Sea]] while traveling from [[Paris]] to [[Cairo]], killing all on board.
*[[2018]] &ndash; The [[wedding of Prince Harry and Meghan Markle]] is held at [[St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle|St George's Chapel]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]], with an estimated global audience of 1.9&nbsp;billion.
*[[2024]] &ndash; [[2024 Varzaqan helicopter crash| A helicopter crash]] in [[Iran]] leaves 8 people dead, including the country's president [[Ebrahim Raisi]] & foreign minister [[Hossein Amir-Abdollahian]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.sky.com/story/iran-helicopter-incident-latest-rescuers-search-for-irans-president-after-crash-13139430|title=Iran president death latest: Ebrahim Raisi and foreign minister killed in helicopter crash; enemy Israel denies involvement|website=Sky News|access-date=20 May 2024|language=en}}</ref>
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