Editing May 16 (section)

==Events==
===Pre-1600===
* [[946]] &ndash; [[Emperor Suzaku]] abdicates the throne in favor of his brother [[Emperor Murakami|Murakami]] who becomes the 62nd emperor of [[Japan]].
*[[1204]] &ndash; [[Baldwin I of Constantinople|Baldwin IX, Count of Flanders]] is crowned as the first [[Emperor]] of the [[Latin Empire]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Lock|first=Peter|title=The Franks in the Aegean: 1204-1500|location=New York|publisher=Routledge|date=2013|isbn=9780582051393|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4oqrAgAAQBAJ|page=310}}</ref>
*[[1364]] &ndash; [[Hundred Years' War]]: [[Bertrand du Guesclin]] and a French army defeat the Anglo-Navarrese army of [[Charles the Bad]] at [[Battle of Cocherel|Cocherel]].<ref name="Cuttler2003">{{cite book|author=S. H. Cuttler|title=The Law of Treason and Treason Trials in Later Medieval France|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rVHPC_QVLB0C&pg=PA172|accessdate=5 May 2013|date=18 December 2003|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-52643-2|page=172}}</ref>
*[[1426]] &ndash; Gov. [[Mohnyin Thado|Thado of Mohnyin]] becomes King of [[Ava Kingdom|Ava]].<ref name=yt-1-272>{{cite book|author=Maha Sithu|title=[[Yazawin Thit]]|publisher=Ya-Pyei Publishing|location=Yangon|orig-year=1798|year=2012|edition=2nd printing|language=my|volume=1–3|editor1=Myint Swe|editor2=Kyaw Win|editor3=Thein Hlaing}}; Thursday, 10th waxing of [[Nayon]] 788 [[Burmese calendar|ME]] = 16 May 1426</ref>
*[[1527]] &ndash; The Florentines drive out the [[Medici]] for a second time and [[Florence]] re-establishes itself as [[Republic of Florence|a republic]].
*[[1532]] &ndash; Sir [[Thomas More]] resigns as [[Lord Chancellor]] of [[Kingdom of England|England]].
*[[1568]] &ndash; [[Mary, Queen of Scots]], flees to England.<ref>{{cite book|last=Wagner|first=John|title=Historical Dictionary of the Elizabethan World: Britain, Ireland, Europe, and America|location=New York|publisher=The Oryx Press|date=2002|isbn=9780816046577|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zjfwNlN1sWYC|page=xxii}}</ref>
*[[1584]] &ndash; [[Santiago de Vera]] becomes sixth governor-general of the Spanish colony of the [[Philippines]].

===1601–1900===
*[[1739]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Vasai]] concludes as the [[Maratha Confederacy|Marathas]] defeat the [[Portuguese Empire|Portuguese]] army.
*[[1770]] &ndash; The 14-year-old [[Marie Antoinette]] marries 15-year-old [[Louis XVI of France|Louis-Auguste]], who later becomes king of [[Early modern France|France]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Lever|first=Evelyne|title=Marie Antoinette: The Last Queen of France|location=New York|publisher=St. Martin's Griffin|date=2001|isbn=9780312283339|url=https://archive.org/details/marieantoinette00evel|url-access=registration|pages=[https://archive.org/details/marieantoinette00evel/page/22 22]–24}}</ref>
*[[1771]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Alamance]], a pre-[[American Revolution|American Revolutionary War]] battle between local [[militia]] and a group of rebels called The "[[War of the Regulation|Regulators]]", occurs in present-day [[Alamance County, North Carolina]].
*[[1777]] &ndash; [[Continental Army]] officer [[Lachlan McIntosh]] fatally wounds [[Button Gwinnett]], a signer of the [[United States Declaration of Independence]], in [[Gwinnett–McIntosh duel|a duel]] in [[Savannah, Georgia]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gamble |first=Thomas |author-link=Thomas Gamble (mayor) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d5U-AAAAYAAJ |title=Savannah Duels and Duellists, 1733–1877 |publisher=Review Publishing & Printing Company |year=1923 |location=Savannah, Georgia |page=15 |oclc=1450131}}</ref> 
*[[1811]] &ndash; [[Peninsular War]]: The allies Spain, Portugal and United Kingdom fight an inconclusive battle against the French at the [[Battle of Albuera|Albuera]].<ref name="Esdaile340">{{cite book| last = Esdaile| first = Charles| publication-date = 2002| year = 2002| title = The Peninsular War| publisher = [[Penguin Books]]| isbn = 978-0-14-027370-0| page = 340}}</ref> It is, in proportion to the numbers involved, the bloodiest battle of the war.<ref name="Oman393">{{cite book| last = Oman| first = Sir Charles| author-link = Charles Oman| publication-date = 2004| year = 1911| title = A History of the Peninsular War: Volume IV, December 1810 to December 1811| publisher = Greenhill Books| isbn = 978-1-85367-618-5| page = 393}}</ref>
*[[1812]] &ndash; [[Imperial Russia]] signs the [[Treaty of Bucharest (1812)|Treaty of Bucharest]], ending the [[Russo-Turkish War (1806–12)|Russo-Turkish War]]. The [[Ottoman Empire]] cedes [[Bessarabia]] to Russia.<ref>{{cite book|last=Crowe|first=David|title=A History of the Gypsies of Eastern Europe and Russia|location=New York|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|date=2011|isbn=9781403980090|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jVQBDgAAQBAJ|page=158}}</ref>
*[[1822]] &ndash; [[Greek War of Independence]]: The [[Turkey|Turks]] capture the Greek town of [[Souli]].
*[[1832]] &ndash; [[Juan Godoy]] discovers the rich silver outcrops of [[Chañarcillo]] sparking the [[Chilean silver rush]].<ref name=Sonia2015>{{Cite book|title=Mitos de Chile: Enciclopedia de seres, apariciones y encantos|last=Montecino Aguirre|first=Sonia|publisher=[[Catalonia (publisher)|Catalonia]] |year=2015|isbn=978-956-324-375-8 |pages=47–48|chapter=Alicanto |language=es}}</ref><ref name=Hist>{{cite book | title        = Historia de Chile | language     = es | trans-title  = History of Chile | editor-last1  = Villalobos R. | editor-first1 = Sergio | editor-link1  = Sergio Villalobos | editor-last2  = Silva G. | editor-first2 = Osvaldo | editor-link2  = Osvaldo Silva | editor-last3  = Silva V. | editor-first3 = Fernando | editor-last4  = Patricio | editor-first4 = Estelle M. | year = 1995 | orig-year = 1974 | publisher    = [[Editorial Universitaria]] | location     = [[Santiago de Chile]] | pages = 469–472}}</ref>
*[[1834]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Asseiceira]] is fought; it was the final and decisive engagement of the [[Liberal Wars]] in Portugal. 
*[[1842]] &ndash; The first major [[wagon train]] heading for the [[Pacific Northwest]] sets out on the [[Oregon Trail]] from [[Elm Grove, Missouri]], with 100 pioneers.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Dicken|first1=Samuel N.|last2=Dicken|first2=Emily F.|title=The Making of Oregon: A Study in Historical Geography|location=Portland, Ore.|publisher=Oregon Historical Society|date=1979|isbn=9780875950631|page=72|postscript=none}}; {{cite book|last=Byers|first=Roland O.|title=The Linchpin: The Oregon Trail in 1843|location=Moscow, Idaho|publisher=University Press of Idaho|date=1984|isbn=9780893010942|page=22|postscript=none}}; {{cite book|last=Manwelleer|first=Mathew|title=Chronology of the U.S. Presidency|location=Santa Barbara, Calif.|publisher=ABC-CLIO|date=2012|isbn=9781598846454|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uqB3ehA7M0oC|page=315}}</ref>
*[[1863]] &ndash; [[American Civil War]]: During the [[Vicksburg campaign]], the decisive [[Union (American Civil War)|Union]] victory by [[Ulysses S. Grant]] at the [[Battle of Champion Hill]] drives the [[Confederate army]] under [[John C. Pemberton]] back towards [[Vicksburg, Mississippi]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Battle of Champion Hill (May 16)|url=https://www.nps.gov/vick/learn/historyculture/championhill.htm|website=NPS.gov|publisher=National Park Service|date=April 7, 2017|access-date=May 17, 2024}}</ref>
*[[1866]] &ndash; The [[United States Congress]] establishes the [[nickel (United States coin)|nickel]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Hudgeons|first1=Marc|last2=Hudgeons|first2=Tom|title=Official 2009 Blackbook Price Guide to United States Coins|location=New York|publisher=Random House Reference|date=2008|isbn=9780375721700|url=https://archive.org/details/official2009blac00hudg|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/official2009blac00hudg/page/290 290]}}</ref>
*[[1868]] &ndash; The [[United States Senate]] fails to [[Impeachment of Andrew Johnson|convict]] President [[Andrew Johnson]] by one vote.<ref>{{cite book|last=Hearn|first=Chester G.|title=The Impeachment of Andrew Johnson|location=Jefferson, N.C.|publisher=McFarland & Co.|date=2007|isbn=9780786430963|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_Tld3CpYawwC|page=201}}</ref>
*[[1874]] &ndash; A flood on the [[Mill River (Northampton, Massachusetts)|Mill River]] in [[Massachusetts]] destroys much of four villages and kills 139 people.  
*[[1877]] &ndash; The [[16 May 1877 crisis]] occurs in [[French Third Republic|France]], ending with the dissolution of the [[French Parliament|National Assembly]] 22 June and affirming the interpretation of the [[French Constitutional Laws of 1875|Constitution of 1875]] as a [[parliamentary]] rather than [[presidential system]]. The elections held in October 1877 led to the defeat of the [[Monarchism in France|royalists]] as a formal political movement in France.<ref>{{cite book|last=Fortescue|first=William|title=The Third Republic in France, 1870-1940: Conflicts and Continuities|location=London|publisher=Routledge|date=2001|isbn=0415169445|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4CMxDwAAQBAJ|pages=33–34}}</ref>
*[[1888]] &ndash; [[Nikola Tesla]] delivers a lecture describing the equipment which will allow efficient generation and use of [[alternating current]]s to [[electric power transmission|transmit electric power]] over long distances.
*[[1891]] &ndash; The [[International Electrotechnical Exhibition]] opened in [[Frankfurt]], Germany, featuring the world's first long-distance transmission of high-power, [[Three-phase electric power|three-phase electric current]] (the most common form today).

===1901–present===
*[[1916]] &ndash; The [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland]] and the [[French Third Republic]] sign the secret wartime [[Sykes-Picot Agreement]] [[partitioning of the Ottoman Empire|partitioning former Ottoman territories]] such as [[Iraq]] and [[Syria]].
*[[1918]] &ndash; The [[Sedition Act of 1918]] is passed by the U.S. Congress, making criticism of the government during wartime an imprisonable offense. It will be repealed less than two years later.
*[[1919]] &ndash; A naval [[Curtiss NC-4]] aircraft commanded by [[Albert Cushing Read]] leaves [[Trepassey]], [[Newfoundland and Labrador|Newfoundland]], for [[Lisbon]] via the [[Azores]] on the first [[transatlantic flight]].
*[[1920]] &ndash; In Rome, [[Pope Benedict XV]] [[Canonization of Joan of Arc|canonizes Joan of Arc]].
*[[1925]] &ndash; The first modern performance of [[Claudio Monteverdi]]'s opera ''[[Il ritorno d'Ulisse in patria]]'' occurred in [[Paris]].<ref>{{cite book|author-link= Michael Kennedy (music critic)|last= Kennedy|first= Michael|title= Oxford Dictionary of Music|publisher= Oxford University Press|location= Oxford|year= 2006|isbn= 0-19-861459-4 |page=732}}</ref>
*[[1929]] &ndash; In [[Hollywood, Los Angeles|Hollywood]], the [[1st Academy Awards|first]] [[Academy Awards]] ceremony takes place. 
*[[1943]] &ndash; [[The Holocaust]]: The [[Warsaw Ghetto Uprising]] ends.
*[[1943]] &ndash; [[Operation Chastise]] is undertaken by RAF Bomber Command with specially equipped [[Avro Lancaster]]s to destroy the Mohne, Sorpe, and Eder dams in the Ruhr valley.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Incredible Story Of The Dambusters Raid |url=https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/the-incredible-story-of-the-dambusters-raid |access-date=2022-05-16 |website=Imperial War Museums |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1945]] &ndash; Beginning of the [[Levant Crisis]] between Britain and France in Syria. The latter try to quell nationalist protests but backs down after threat of military action by the British.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Dilks|first1=David|title=Churchill and Company: Allies and Rivals in War and Peace|date=30 January 2015|page= 150|publisher=I B Tauris|isbn=9781780769677}}</ref>
*[[1951]] &ndash; The first regularly scheduled [[transatlantic flight]]s begin between Idlewild Airport (now [[John F Kennedy International Airport]]) in New York City and [[Heathrow Airport]] in London, operated by [[El Al Israel Airlines]].
*[[1954]] &ndash; Beginning of the [[Kengir uprising]] in the [[Gulag]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Dunn |first1=Morgan |title=How The Prisoners Behind The Kengir Uprising Fought Back Against The Horrors Of The Gulag |url=https://allthatsinteresting.com/kengir-uprising |website=allthatsinteresting.com |date=15 May 2021 |access-date=1 April 2024}}</ref>
*[[1959]] &ndash; The [[Tritons' Fountain]] in [[Valletta|Valletta, Malta]] is turned on for the first time.<ref>{{cite news|title=A historical perspective on the Triton Fountain restoration|url=http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2015-10-26/local-news/A-historical-perspective-on-the-Triton-Fountain-restoration-6736144156|work=[[The Malta Independent]]|date=25 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170217064944/http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2015-10-26/local-news/A-historical-perspective-on-the-Triton-Fountain-restoration-6736144156|archive-date=17 February 2017}}</ref>
*[[1960]] &ndash; [[Theodore Maiman]] operates the first [[optical laser]] (a [[ruby laser]]), at [[Hughes Research Laboratories]] in [[Malibu, California]].
*[[1961]] &ndash; [[Park Chung Hee]] leads a [[May 16 coup|coup d'état]] to overthrow the [[Second Republic of South Korea]].
*[[1966]] &ndash; The [[Chinese Communist Party]] issues the "[[May 16 Notice]]", marking the beginning of the [[Cultural Revolution]].
*[[1969]] &ndash; [[Venera program]]: ''[[Venera 5]]'', a Soviet [[space probe]], lands on [[Venus]].
*[[1972]] &ndash; An [[Antonov An-24]] [[1972 Svetlogorsk An-24 crash|crashes]] into a [[kindergarten]] building in [[Svetlogorsk, Kaliningrad Oblast|Svetlogorsk]], killing 35.<ref name="mk">{{cite news |last=Merkachova |first=Eva |date=2014-05-16 |title=Неизвестные факты о самой трагической авиакатастрофе в истории страны: падении самолёта на детский сад |trans-title=Unknown facts about the most tragic air disaster in the country's history: the plane crash into a kindergarten |url=http://www.mk.ru/social/2014/05/16/neizvestnyie-faktyi-o-samoy-tragicheskoy-aviakatastrofe-v-istorii-stranyi-padenii-samoleta-na-detskiy-sad.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150801110545/http://www.mk.ru/social/2014/05/16/neizvestnyie-faktyi-o-samoy-tragicheskoy-aviakatastrofe-v-istorii-stranyi-padenii-samoleta-na-detskiy-sad.html |archive-date=2015-08-01 |access-date=2015-07-27 |work=[[Moscow Komsomolets|MK.ru]] |language=ru}}</ref> 
*[[1974]] &ndash; [[Josip Broz Tito]] is elected [[president for life]] of [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]]. 
*[[1975]] &ndash; [[Junko Tabei]] from [[Japan]] becomes the first woman to reach the summit of [[Mount Everest]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Otake |first=Tomoko |date=2012-05-27 |title=Junko Tabei : The first woman atop the world |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2012/05/27/people/junko-tabei-the-first-woman-atop-the-world/ |access-date=2022-05-16 |website=The Japan Times |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-09-25 |title=It's 1975. No woman had scaled Mt Everest yet… |url=https://www.cntraveller.in/story/it-s-1975-no-woman-had-scaled-mt-everest-yet/ |access-date=2022-05-16 |website=Condé Nast Traveller India |language=en-IN}}</ref> 
*[[1988]] &ndash; A report by the [[Surgeon General of the United States]] [[C. Everett Koop]] states that the [[Substance use disorder|addictive]] properties of [[nicotine]] are similar to those of [[heroin]] and [[cocaine]].
*[[1991]] &ndash; Queen [[Elizabeth II]] of the United Kingdom addresses a joint session of the [[United States Congress]]. She is the first British monarch to address the U.S. Congress.
*[[1997]] &ndash; [[Mobutu Sese Seko]], the President of [[Zaire]], flees the country.
*[[2003]] &ndash; In [[Morocco]], 33 civilians are killed and more than 100 people are injured in the [[2003 Casablanca bombings|Casablanca terrorist attacks]].
*[[2005]] &ndash; [[Kuwait]] permits [[Women's suffrage in Kuwait|women's suffrage]] in a 35–23 [[National Assembly (Kuwait)|National Assembly]] vote.
*[[2011]] &ndash; [[STS-134]] ([[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight ULF6), launched from the [[Kennedy Space Center]] on the 25th and final flight for {{OV|105}}.
*[[2014]] &ndash; Twelve people are killed in [[2014 Gikomba bombings|two explosions]] in the [[Gikomba market]] area of [[Nairobi, Kenya]].
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