Editing Mater Matuta (section)

== Temples ==
Mater Matuta had a temple in the capital city of Rome, on the north side of the [[Forum Boarium]], mentioned in [[Ovid]]'s ''[[Fasti (poem)|Fasti]]''.<ref>{{cite book |author=Publius Ovidius Naso |author-link=Ovid |editor-first=R. Joy |editor-last=Littlewood |year=2006 |section=''[[Fasti (poem)|Fasti]]'', Book&nbsp;VI  |title=A Commentary on Ovid  |publisher=Oxford University Press|doi=10.1093/oseo/instance.00089826 |isbn=978-0-19-927134-4 <!-- this URL is redundant: same as DOI=... key --- |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oseo/instance.00089826  |access-date=2023-12-23 --> }}</ref><ref name=":3" /> The sixth king of Rome, [[Servius Tullius]], was thought to have personally consecrated the temple in the 6th century BCE.<ref name=":1">{{cite journal |last=Carroll |first=Maureen |year=2019 |title=Mater Matuta, 'fertility cults' and the integration of women in religious life in Italy in the fourth to first centuries&nbsp;BC |journal=Papers of the British School at Rome |volume=87 |pages=5, 6, 7, 10, 21, 23 |doi=10.1017/S0068246218000399 |issn=0068-2462 |jstor=26842743 <!-- this URL is redundant: it just repeats the JSTOR=... key --- |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26842743 --> |url=https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/142101/1/Carroll_MaterMatutaPBSR.pdf }}</ref> It was destroyed in 506 BCE and rebuilt by [[Marcus Furius Camillus]] in 396&nbsp;BCE.<ref>{{cite book |author=Titus Livius  |author-link=Livy |title=Ab Urbe Condita |title-link=History of Rome (Livy) |at=V, 19 }}</ref> The temple was associated with the [[Matralia]] festival.<ref name=":2"/> It was situated beside the temple of [[Fortuna]], later discovered under the church of [[Sant'Omobono|Sant' Omobono]].<ref name=":1"/>

A temple located at [[Satricum]] is described in literature by Roman historian [[Livy]].<ref name=":2">{{cite book |first=Christopher |last=Smith |orig-date=2001 |date=11 June 2014 |chapter=Chapter&nbsp;10: Worshipping Mater Matuta: Ritual and context |edition=1 |editor1-last=Bispham |editor1-first=Edward |editor2-last=Smith |editor2-first=Christopher |title=Religion in Archaic and Republican Rome and Italy |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-135-97258-5 |type=e‑book |pages=137, 138, 139, 150 |language=en |doi=10.4324/9781315063591 |section-url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781315063591-10/worshipping-mater-matuta-christopher-smith |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781135972585 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Titus Livius |author-link=Livy |date=14 August 2018 |editor-first1=John |editor-last1=Briscoe |title=Liviana: Studies on Livy |chapter=33 |publisher=Oxford University Press |doi=10.1093/oseo/instance.00265969 |isbn=978-0-19-882468-8 |at=6.27. 6.33 5, 28.1. 2 <!-- this url is redundant: it just duplicates the DOI link |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oseo/instance.00265969 |access-date=2023-12-23 --> }}</ref>{{full citation needed|date=July 2024 |The cited location ids are inconsistent with normal three-number references -- it looks as if numbers are missing; the erzats chapter "33" (formerly wrongly given as the title) needs to be made sensible.}} The earliest evidence of temple activity is dated simultaneously with votive deposits dating to the sixth century&nbsp;BCE.<ref name=":2"/> A second temple, larger and made of stone, replaced the first.<ref name=":1"/> In the {{nobr|5th century BCE,}} another yet even larger temple was constructed.<ref name=":1"/><ref name=":2"/> The temple was struck by lightning in 206&nbsp;BCE.<ref name=":1" /> Excavation of thousands of objects has been itemized and recorded; vessels to eat and drink, statuettes, anatomical votives, and domestic animal votives.<ref name=":2"/> Votive material indicative of both male and female worship is attributed to this site.<ref name=":1"/>

A temple in Campania, outside modern [[Capua]], yielded dozens of votive statues representing ''matres matutae'', found in the "Fondo Patturelli," a private estate. The site was severely damaged by unprofessional excavations in 1845 and 1873, executed by the Paturelli family, who owned the land. The family took it upon themselves to recover artifacts and then sold them for personal gain.<ref name=":4">{{cite journal |last=Crawford |first=Michael Hewson |year=2009 |title=The Fondo Patturelli sanctuary at Capua : Excavation and interpretation |journal=Cahiers du Centre Gustave Glotz |volume=20 |issue=1 |pages=29–56 |doi=10.3406/ccgg.2009.1689 |issn=1016-9008 <!-- redundant duplication of DOI=... key --- |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ccgg.2009.1689 --> }}</ref><ref name=":1"/> In order to conceal their illicit activity, the family terminated the excavation, but not before they damaged the temple site. Eventually, a multitude of statues and valuables were recovered. An extensive collection of these votives is housed in the Museo Campano in Capua.<ref name=":1"/><ref name=":4"/>