Editing Marysville, California (section)

== History ==
[[File:California - Mare Island Navy through Mission Creek - NARA - 23934535.jpg|thumb|right|Gold dredging at Marysville]]
[[File:Olivehurst, 2 miles south of Marysville, Yuba County, California. Air view of the city of Marysville . . . - NARA - 521573.jpg|thumb|View of the city of Marysville, 1940]]

Marysville is located on the ancestral land of the [[Maidu]], who occupied the area for 10,000 years prior to the arrival of [[Jedediah Smith]] and trappers from the Hudson Bay Company in 1828, who were the first non-natives to explore the area. Spanish and Mexican explorers never reached that far north on the Feather River. In 1843, [[John Sutter]] leased part of his Rancho New Helvetia land to [[Theodore Cordua]], a native of [[Mecklenburg]] in [[Germany]], who raised livestock, and in 1843 built a home and trading post he called '''New Mecklenburg'''.<ref name=CGN>{{California's Geographic Names|520}}</ref> The trading post and home was situated at what would later become the southern end of 'D' Street, Marysville's [[main street]]. In 1844, the Mexican government granted Cordua his own land grant, [[Rancho Honcut]].

In 1848, Charles Covillaud, a former employee of Cordua, discovered riches in the gold fields and bought half of the Cordua ranch. In January 1849, Michael C. Nye and William Foster, brothers-in-law of Covillaud's wife, Mary Murphy, a survivor of the [[Donner Party]], bought the other half of the Cordua ranch. They later sold their interest to Covillaud. In October of the same year, Covillaud sold most of the ranch to [[José Manuel Ramírez Rosales|Jose Ramirez]], John Sampson, and Theodore Sicard. During the [[California Gold Rush|Gold Rush]], the ranch became a stopping point for the riverboats from Sacramento and San Francisco that brought prospectors to the digging grounds. Even today a sign on the roadside as one enters Marysville describes it as the "Gateway to The Gold Fields."

In 1850, Covillaud, Ramirez, Sampson, and Sicard hired [[Augustus Le Plongeon]], a French surveyor{{Citation needed|reason=This claim needs a reliable source; confusion: Le Plongeon was an archeologist known for his word on the Maya civilization. The source quoted does not mention him|date=June 2024}}, to create a plan for a town called '''Jubaville''', later called '''Yubaville'''.<ref name="Gold Rush Section 9">{{cite web| title = Gold Rush, Section 9 |url= http://www.library.ca.gov/goldrush/sec09.html | work = California State Library|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100527231059/http://www.library.ca.gov/goldrush/sec09.html |archive-date= May 27, 2010 }}</ref> [[Stephen J. Field]], a newly relocated attorney, purchased 65 lots of land and drew up proper deeds for land being sold. Then, after just three days in the mining camp, he accepted the nomination to run for [[alcalde]], a Mexican official, which combined the duties of a mayor and justice of the peace, in a new government that was being formed. On January 18, 1850, Field defeated his rival, who had been in town just six days, and a town council was elected. That night, the townsfolk decided to name the new town '''Marysville''' after Charles Covillaud's wife, Mary Murphy Covillaud, the former wife of William Johnson of Johnson's Ranch, and one of the surviving members of the Donner Party.<ref>Wilbur, Marguerite Eyer, editor. A pioneer at Sutter's fort, 1846-1850; the adventures of Heinrich Lienhard Los Angeles, 1941, p. 48nn.</ref> After Marysville was [[municipal corporation|incorporated]] by the new [[California Legislature]], the first mayor was elected in 1851. Field went on to become one of the longest sitting members of the United States Supreme Court.<ref name=CGN />

A post office was established at Marysville in 1851. By 1853, the [[tent city]] had been replaced by brick buildings. In addition to the brick merchant buildings, Marysville had developed mills, iron works, factories, machine shops, schools, churches and two daily newspapers. The population was almost 10,000. By 1857, Marysville had become one of the largest cities in California, due to its strategic location. Over $10 million in gold was shipped from the banks in Marysville to the U.S. Mint in San Francisco. The city's founders imagined Marysville becoming "The New York of the Pacific."

Debris loosed by [[hydraulic mining]] above Marysville raised the riverbeds of both the Feather and the Yuba Rivers and rendered the city vulnerable to flooding during winter storms and spring run-offs. The city built a levee system<ref>{{cite web | url=http://americahurrah.com/Flood55/Marysville.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010211164255/http://americahurrah.com/Flood55/Marysville.htm | url-status=dead | archive-date=February 11, 2001 | title=Marysville's Crisis | work=The Big Flood, California 1955 | publisher=California Disaster Office | year=1956 | access-date=November 14, 2010 }}</ref> that is still maintained today. The levee system sealed the city off and has made additional city growth virtually impossible; as such the population has not increased much since their construction and Marysville is known as "California's Oldest 'Little' City." The hydraulic mining debris choked the Feather River and soon the riverboats could not make the trip to Marysville.

Marysville was home to a significant [[Chinese American]] community beginning in the 1850s. While many Chinese were driven forcibly from their homes throughout California between 1870 and 1900, Marysville became a place of refuge for them and was one of the few Chinatowns in the state that did not experience violence.<ref name="Chinatown">{{cite book |last1=Tom |first1=Lawrence and Brian Tom |title=Gold Country's Last Chinatown: Marysville, California |date=2020 |publisher=The History Press |location=Charleston, South Carolina |isbn=9781467143233 |page=28}}</ref> The Chinese [[Bok Kai Temple]] claims to be the oldest continually operating Taoist temple in America, and a Chinese New Year festival has been celebrated in Marysville since 1880.<ref>{{cite web |title=Our History |url=https://www.bokkaiparade.com/history.html |website=Marysville Bok Kai Parade |access-date=February 7, 2020}}</ref> The historical importance of Marysville to the Chinese-American community has been imprinted in its language. In Cantonese, Marysville is known as ''Sahm Fou'' (三埠, Third City); Sacramento ''Yee Fou'' (二埠, Second City); and San Francisco ''Dai Fou'' (大埠, The Big City).<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chan |first1=Sucheng |title=Chinese Livelihood in Rural California: The Impact of Economic Change, 1860-1880 |journal=Pacific Historical Review |date=August 1984 |volume=53 |issue=3 |pages=273–307 |doi=10.2307/3639231 |jstor=3639231 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3639231 |access-date=December 3, 2023 |quote=To this day, Chinese Americans call San Francisco "Dai Fou" (Big City), Sacramento "Yee Fou" (Second City), and Marysville "Sam Fou" (Third City).}}</ref>

There was also an active Jewish merchant community in Marysville from the Gold Rush era through the early years of the twentieth century. Nathan Schneider established Schneider's Clothing in 1862, it was advertised as "the Home of Values", and it existed until the late 1980s. Isaac and Simon Glazier ran the Old Corner Cigar Store from 1851 to 1862, when they moved to San Francisco. J.H. Marcuse founded the Western and Palace Cigar Store. Philip Brown advertised himself as "Marysville's leading tailor, pants made to order from $4.00 up and P. Brown's specialty, White Labor Overall." Union Lumber, established in 1852 by W.K. Hudson and Samuel Harryman, was later purchased by bookkeeper H.J. Cheim, and is still owned by the Cheim family.

In 2010, the Marysville City Council made a decision to sell a portion of Washington Square Park for development of a commercial shopping center, part of an effort to increase tax revenue.  This came after the city won a costly legal battle brought on by the Citizens to Preserve Marysville's Parks, a group of citizens opposed to development in the city's green spaces.<ref>Whitmore, Dale."[https://archive.today/20120721001749/http://www.appeal-democrat.com/articles/marysville-76529-park-tree.html Tree nets spoiling Marysville]," ''The Appeal-Democrat,'' April 16, 2009</ref> A mitigation measure to offset the loss of city green space is technically within city limits, but falls outside the city's levee ring.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.appeal-democrat.com/news/city-99760-park-marysville.html |title=Marysville's plan for ex-Hollywood Trailer Park land draws fire &#124; city, park, marysville - Local News - Appeal-Democrat |access-date=October 17, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120905104134/http://www.appeal-democrat.com/news/city-99760-park-marysville.html |archive-date=September 5, 2012  }}</ref>